The role of epidermal growth factor receptor in non-small cell lung cancer

Öz

Lung cancer is the most common reason of cancer mortality all over the world. Although smoking is the most important factor in lung cancer etiology, additionally, environmental, genetic and occupational factors also contribute to this disease. Despite the fact that there have been progress in lung cancer area in terms of treatments, it has still poor prognosis. Lung cancer is generally classified into two major histological types; small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all cases of lung cancer. Epithelial growth factor receptor mutations are among the most common mutations in NSCLC. These mutations are more prevalent in lung cancer patients who are non-smokers, female, and of Asian ethnicity and tumors which have these mutations response better to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in NSCLC. In this review, the prognostic and predictive role of EGFR will be evaluated in NSCLC. Key words: Non-small cell lung cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor, tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Non-small cell lung cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor, tyrosine kinase inhibitors

Epidermal growth factor reseptorünün küçük hücreli olmayan akciğer kanserindeki rolü

Öz

Akciğer kanseri tüm dünyada en yaygın görülen kanser nedenli ölüm sebebidir. Etyolojide sigara en önemli risk faktörü olmasına karşın çevresel, genetik, mesleki faktörlerin de hastalığa katkıda bulunur. Tedavi alanında son yıllardaki tüm gelişmelere rağmen kötü prognoza sahiptir. Akciğer kanseri genellikle histolojik tipine göre küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri ve küçük hücreli olmayan akciğer kanseri olarak iki ana tipe ayrılır. Küçük hücreli olmayan akciğer kanseri tüm vakaların yaklaşık %85’ni oluşturur. Küçük hücreli olmayan akciğer kanserinde en sık rastlanılan mutasyonlardan biri epidermal büyüme faktör reseptör mutasyonlarıdır. Bu mutasyonlar sigara içmeyenlerde, kadınlarda ve Asya ırkında daha fazladır ve bu mutasyona sahip tümörler tirozin kinaz inhibitörlerine daha iyi cevap verir. Bu derlemede epidermal büyüme faktörün küçük hücreli olmayan akciğer kanserindeki öngörüsel ve prognostik rolü değerlendirilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Küçük hücreli olmayan akciğer kanseri, epidermal büyüme faktör reseptörü, tirozin kinaz inhibitörleri

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