The reasons for conversion from laparoscopic appendectomy to open surgery in children: the first experience on 100 cases in a single center

Objective: This study aimed to discuss the reasons for conversion in light of the literature and reduce any unnecessary conversion to open procedure, according to our clinic's results during the learning curve. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on 100 patients who had a laparoscopic appendectomy in our clinic between September 2014 and August 2019. The patients who had a laparoscopic appendectomy were evaluated for conversion to open procedure by reviewing the age, gender, white blood cell count (WBC), and surgical findings (location of the appendix, perforation status, peritonitis). Laparoscopy was performed through two ports. Results: The age average of 100 patients, including 63 males who have undergone a laparoscopic appendectomy, was 10.86 ± 3.78 years. The laparoscopic technique was converted to open in nine children. WBC ratio of the patients was significantly higher in converted procedures. Among the procedures converted to open appendectomy, three patients presented retrocecal appendix placement; two patients presented retrocecal placement and perforation and diffuse peritonitis; three patients presented perforation and diffuse peritonitis, and one patient presented uncontrolled bleeding. Conclusion: The use of laparoscopic appendectomy has just increased in Pediatric Surgery clinics along with some factors that affect the conversion to open procedure. WBC ratio was significantly higher in converted procedures. When study results are reviewed from this perspective, perforation, diffuse peritonitis, and the appendix's retrocecal location are the most significant independent indicators for conversion from laparotomic procedure to open procedure.