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Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 52 Sayı: 3, 423 - 430, 16.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.5798/dicletip.1784765

Öz

Background and Objective: Neurological diseases, in addition to their systemic effects, may also lead to various dermatological manifestations. In this study, the distribution of dermatological findings in patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) was examined, and intergroup differences were evaluated.
Methods: This retrospective study included a total of 848 patients who were followed in the neurology outpatient clinic and underwent dermatological evaluation. Patients were categorized into PD (n=347), MS (n=401), and ALS (n=100) groups. The presence of 21 dermatological findings was assessed in each patient, and the data were analyzed using the Jamovi statistical software. Chi-square test was used for intergroup comparisons, and McNemar’s test was used for pairwise comparisons.
Results: The most frequently observed dermatological findings were fungal infections (11.9%), xerosis (11.0%), eczematous dermatitis (8.6%), and seborrheic dermatitis (4.7%). High-prevalence findings such as fungal infections, xerosis, eczematous dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis were significantly more common compared to lower-prevalence findings (p<0.001). Additionally, xerosis was found to be more frequent in Parkinson’s patients (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The frequent observation of fungal infections in these patient groups is notable, especially in light of recent studies suggesting that fungal infections may trigger neurodegenerative diseases. Besides fungal infections, the presence of other skin findings highlights the necessity of including dermatological evaluations in the follow-up of these patient groups. Although fungal infections were more frequently observed in patients with neurodegenerative diseases—particularly Parkinson’s disease—this difference did not reach statistical significance. However, the trend observed aligns with growing evidence linking fungal organisms to neuroinflammatory mechanisms

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Health Sciences University Training and Research Hospital (2025/444). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written and verbal consent was obtained from the patients

Kaynakça

  • 1.Lahoti A, Singh A, Bisen YT, Bakshi AM. CutaneousManifestations and Neurological Diseases. Cureus.2023 ;15(10):e47024.
  • 2.Iyidal AY, Erduran F, Hayran Y, Karadağ YS. ThePrevalence and Clinical Significance of SkinManifestations in Parkinson's Disease Patients.Dermatol Pract Concept. 2024 ;14(4):e2024241.
  • 3.Hügle T, Gratzl S, Daikeler T, et al. Sclerosing skindisorders in association with multiple sclerosis.Coincidence, underlying autoimmune pathology orinterferon induced? Ann Rheum Dis. 2009Jan;68(1):47-50. doi: 10.1136/ard.2007.083246.
  • 4.Benito-León J, Laurence M. The Role of Fungi inthe Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol.2017;8:535.
  • 5. Wu C, Jiang ML, Jiang R, Pang T, Zhang CJ. The roles of fungus in CNS autoimmune andneurodegeneration disorders. Front Immunol. 2023;13:1077335.
  • 6.Pisa D, Alonso R, Carrasco L. Fungal infection in apatient with multiple sclerosis. Eur J Clin MicrobiolInfect Dis. 2011 ;30(10):1173-80.
  • 7.Mangalam AK. Fungal microbiome and multiplesclerosis: The not-so-new kid on the block.EBioMedicine. 2021;72:103621.
  • 8.Pisa D, Alonso R, Carrasco L. Parkinson’s Disease:A Comprehensive Analysis of Fungi and Bacteria inBrain Tissue. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(7):1135-52.
  • 9.Wang H, Liu X, Tan C, et al. Bacterial, viral, andfungal infection-related risk of Parkinson's disease:Meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies.Brain Behav. 2020 ;10(3):e01549.
  • 10.Ravn AH, Thyssen JP, Egeberg A. Skin disordersin Parkinson’s disease: potential biomarkers andrisk factors. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2017 ;10:87-92.
  • 11.Youngchim S, Nosanchuk JD, Pornsuwan S,Kajiwara S, Vanittanakom N. The role of L-DOPA onmelanization and mycelial production in Malasseziafurfur. PLoS One. 2013 ;8(6):e63764.
  • 12.Alonso R, Pisa D, Marina AI, et al. Evidence forfungal infection in cerebrospinal fluid and braintissue from patients with amyotrophic lateralsclerosis. Int J Biol Sci. 2015 ;11(5):546-58.
  • 13.French PW, Ludowyke R, Guillemin GJ. FungalNeurotoxins and Sporadic Amyotrophic LateralSclerosis. Neurotox Res. 2019 ;35(4):969-80.
  • 14.Tomic S, Kuric I, Kuric TG, et al. SeborrheicDermatitis Is Related to Motor Symptoms inParkinson's Disease. J Clin Neurol. 2022 ;18(6):628-34.
  • 15.Wilkowski CM, Alhajj M, Kilbane CW, et al. Theassociation of seborrheic dermatitis and Parkinson's disease: A cross-sectional study. J Am AcadDermatol. 2025 ;92(1):157-9.
  • 16.Benito-León J, Laurence M. Malassezia in thecentral nervous system and multiple sclerosis.Infection. 2019 ;47(1):135-6.
  • 17.Shojaie A, Al Khleifat A, Opie-Martin S, Sarraf P,Al-Chalabi A. Non-motor symptoms in amyotrophiclateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral SclerFrontotemporal Degener. 2024 ;25(1-2):61-6.
  • 18.Kulcsarova K, Baloghova J, Necpal J, SkorvanekM.Skin Conditions and Movement Disorders: Hidingin Plain Sight. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2022;9(5):566-83.
  • 19.Egeberg A, Hansen PR, Gislason GH, Thyssen JP.Exploring the Association Between Rosacea andParkinson Disease: A Danish Nationwide CohortStudy. JAMA Neurol. 2016 ;73(5):529-34.
  • 20.Mathieu RJ, Guido N, Ibler E, et al. Rosacea andsubsequent diagnosis for Parkinson's disease: alarge, urban, single center, US patient populationretrospective study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.2018 ;32(4):e141-e4.
  • 21.Krasowska D, Gerkowicz A, Mlak R, et al. Risk ofNonmelanoma Skin Cancers and Parkinson's Cancers (Basel). 2021 ;13(4):587.
  • 22.Papakonstantinou E, Limberg MM, Gehring M, etal. Neurological disorders are associated withbullous pemphigoid. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.2019 ;33(5):925-9.
  • 23.Yu Phuan CZ, Yew YW, Tey HL. Bullouspemphigoid and antecedent neurological diseases:An association with dementia. Indian J DermatolVenereol Leprol. 2017 ;83(4):457-61.
  • 24.Casas-de-la-Asunción E, Ruano-Ruiz J,Rodríguez-Martín AM, Vélez García-Nieto A,Moreno-Giménez JC. Association between bullouspemphigoid and neurologic diseases: a case-controlstudy. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014 ;105(9):860-5. English, Spanish.
  • 25.Vena GA, Cassano N. The link between chronicspontaneous urticaria and metabolic syndrome. EurAnn Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 ;49(5):208-12.
  • 26.Zhou T, Wei B, Hu Y, et al. Causal associationbetween atopic dermatitis and Parkinson's disease:A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Brain Behav. 2024 ;14(3):e3468.
  • 27.Nam JY, Park SJ, Song J, et al. Association ofallergic disease with Parkinson's disease: Anationally representative retrospective cohortstudy. Allergol Int. 2024 ;73(1):107-14.

Dermatozlar Nörodejeneratif Hastalıkları Tetikler mi?: Retrospektif Gözlemsel Çalışma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 52 Sayı: 3, 423 - 430, 16.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.5798/dicletip.1784765

Öz

Arka Plan ve Amaç: Nörolojik hastalıklar sistemik etkilerinin yanı sıra ciltte çeşitli dermatolojik bulgulara da neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Parkinson hastalığı (PD), Multipl Skleroz (MS) ve Amiyotrofik Lateral Skleroz (ALS) tanılı hastalarda dermatolojik bulguların dağılımı incelenmiş ve gruplar arası farklılıklar değerlendirilmiştir.
Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya, nöroloji polikliniğinde takip edilen ve dermatolojik değerlendirmesi yapılan toplam 848 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar PD (n=347), MS (n=401) ve ALS (n=100) gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Her hastada 21 dermatolojik bulgunun varlığı incelenmiş ve veriler Jamovi istatistik programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda ki-kare testi, ikili karşılaştırmalarda McNemar testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: En sık gözlenen dermatolojik bulgular mantar enfeksiyonu (%11.9), kseroz (%11.0), egzematöz dermatit (%8.6) ve seboreik dermatit (%4.7) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Mantar enfeksiyonları, kseroz egzematöz dermatit ve seboreik dermatit gibi yüksek prevalanslı bulgular, diğer düşük prevalanslı bulgularla karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı olarak daha sık izlenmiştir (p<0.001). Ayrıca kserozun Parkinson hastalarında daha sık görüldüğü belirlenmiştir (p=0.001).
Sonuç: Mantar enfeksiyonlarının bu hasta gruplarında sık gözlemlenmesi ve son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda mantar enfeksiyonlarının nörodejeneratif hastalıkları tetikleyebileceğine dair izlenimler dolayısıyla önemlidir. Mantar dışında diğer cilt bulgularının da varlığı bu hasta gruplarının takibinde dermatolojinin de bulunmasının gerekliliğini vurgular.

Kaynakça

  • 1.Lahoti A, Singh A, Bisen YT, Bakshi AM. CutaneousManifestations and Neurological Diseases. Cureus.2023 ;15(10):e47024.
  • 2.Iyidal AY, Erduran F, Hayran Y, Karadağ YS. ThePrevalence and Clinical Significance of SkinManifestations in Parkinson's Disease Patients.Dermatol Pract Concept. 2024 ;14(4):e2024241.
  • 3.Hügle T, Gratzl S, Daikeler T, et al. Sclerosing skindisorders in association with multiple sclerosis.Coincidence, underlying autoimmune pathology orinterferon induced? Ann Rheum Dis. 2009Jan;68(1):47-50. doi: 10.1136/ard.2007.083246.
  • 4.Benito-León J, Laurence M. The Role of Fungi inthe Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol.2017;8:535.
  • 5. Wu C, Jiang ML, Jiang R, Pang T, Zhang CJ. The roles of fungus in CNS autoimmune andneurodegeneration disorders. Front Immunol. 2023;13:1077335.
  • 6.Pisa D, Alonso R, Carrasco L. Fungal infection in apatient with multiple sclerosis. Eur J Clin MicrobiolInfect Dis. 2011 ;30(10):1173-80.
  • 7.Mangalam AK. Fungal microbiome and multiplesclerosis: The not-so-new kid on the block.EBioMedicine. 2021;72:103621.
  • 8.Pisa D, Alonso R, Carrasco L. Parkinson’s Disease:A Comprehensive Analysis of Fungi and Bacteria inBrain Tissue. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(7):1135-52.
  • 9.Wang H, Liu X, Tan C, et al. Bacterial, viral, andfungal infection-related risk of Parkinson's disease:Meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies.Brain Behav. 2020 ;10(3):e01549.
  • 10.Ravn AH, Thyssen JP, Egeberg A. Skin disordersin Parkinson’s disease: potential biomarkers andrisk factors. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2017 ;10:87-92.
  • 11.Youngchim S, Nosanchuk JD, Pornsuwan S,Kajiwara S, Vanittanakom N. The role of L-DOPA onmelanization and mycelial production in Malasseziafurfur. PLoS One. 2013 ;8(6):e63764.
  • 12.Alonso R, Pisa D, Marina AI, et al. Evidence forfungal infection in cerebrospinal fluid and braintissue from patients with amyotrophic lateralsclerosis. Int J Biol Sci. 2015 ;11(5):546-58.
  • 13.French PW, Ludowyke R, Guillemin GJ. FungalNeurotoxins and Sporadic Amyotrophic LateralSclerosis. Neurotox Res. 2019 ;35(4):969-80.
  • 14.Tomic S, Kuric I, Kuric TG, et al. SeborrheicDermatitis Is Related to Motor Symptoms inParkinson's Disease. J Clin Neurol. 2022 ;18(6):628-34.
  • 15.Wilkowski CM, Alhajj M, Kilbane CW, et al. Theassociation of seborrheic dermatitis and Parkinson's disease: A cross-sectional study. J Am AcadDermatol. 2025 ;92(1):157-9.
  • 16.Benito-León J, Laurence M. Malassezia in thecentral nervous system and multiple sclerosis.Infection. 2019 ;47(1):135-6.
  • 17.Shojaie A, Al Khleifat A, Opie-Martin S, Sarraf P,Al-Chalabi A. Non-motor symptoms in amyotrophiclateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral SclerFrontotemporal Degener. 2024 ;25(1-2):61-6.
  • 18.Kulcsarova K, Baloghova J, Necpal J, SkorvanekM.Skin Conditions and Movement Disorders: Hidingin Plain Sight. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2022;9(5):566-83.
  • 19.Egeberg A, Hansen PR, Gislason GH, Thyssen JP.Exploring the Association Between Rosacea andParkinson Disease: A Danish Nationwide CohortStudy. JAMA Neurol. 2016 ;73(5):529-34.
  • 20.Mathieu RJ, Guido N, Ibler E, et al. Rosacea andsubsequent diagnosis for Parkinson's disease: alarge, urban, single center, US patient populationretrospective study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.2018 ;32(4):e141-e4.
  • 21.Krasowska D, Gerkowicz A, Mlak R, et al. Risk ofNonmelanoma Skin Cancers and Parkinson's Cancers (Basel). 2021 ;13(4):587.
  • 22.Papakonstantinou E, Limberg MM, Gehring M, etal. Neurological disorders are associated withbullous pemphigoid. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol.2019 ;33(5):925-9.
  • 23.Yu Phuan CZ, Yew YW, Tey HL. Bullouspemphigoid and antecedent neurological diseases:An association with dementia. Indian J DermatolVenereol Leprol. 2017 ;83(4):457-61.
  • 24.Casas-de-la-Asunción E, Ruano-Ruiz J,Rodríguez-Martín AM, Vélez García-Nieto A,Moreno-Giménez JC. Association between bullouspemphigoid and neurologic diseases: a case-controlstudy. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014 ;105(9):860-5. English, Spanish.
  • 25.Vena GA, Cassano N. The link between chronicspontaneous urticaria and metabolic syndrome. EurAnn Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 ;49(5):208-12.
  • 26.Zhou T, Wei B, Hu Y, et al. Causal associationbetween atopic dermatitis and Parkinson's disease:A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Brain Behav. 2024 ;14(3):e3468.
  • 27.Nam JY, Park SJ, Song J, et al. Association ofallergic disease with Parkinson's disease: Anationally representative retrospective cohortstudy. Allergol Int. 2024 ;73(1):107-14.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi, Tıp Eğitimi, Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Original Articles
Yazarlar

Mehmet Semih Çelik

Hamza Aktaş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 52 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, M. S., & Aktaş, H. (2025). Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study. Dicle Medical Journal, 52(3), 423-430. https://doi.org/10.5798/dicletip.1784765
AMA Çelik MS, Aktaş H. Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study. diclemedj. Eylül 2025;52(3):423-430. doi:10.5798/dicletip.1784765
Chicago Çelik, Mehmet Semih, ve Hamza Aktaş. “Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study”. Dicle Medical Journal 52, sy. 3 (Eylül 2025): 423-30. https://doi.org/10.5798/dicletip.1784765.
EndNote Çelik MS, Aktaş H (01 Eylül 2025) Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study. Dicle Medical Journal 52 3 423–430.
IEEE M. S. Çelik ve H. Aktaş, “Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study”, diclemedj, c. 52, sy. 3, ss. 423–430, 2025, doi: 10.5798/dicletip.1784765.
ISNAD Çelik, Mehmet Semih - Aktaş, Hamza. “Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study”. Dicle Medical Journal 52/3 (Eylül2025), 423-430. https://doi.org/10.5798/dicletip.1784765.
JAMA Çelik MS, Aktaş H. Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study. diclemedj. 2025;52:423–430.
MLA Çelik, Mehmet Semih ve Hamza Aktaş. “Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study”. Dicle Medical Journal, c. 52, sy. 3, 2025, ss. 423-30, doi:10.5798/dicletip.1784765.
Vancouver Çelik MS, Aktaş H. Do Dermatoses Trigger Neurodegenerative Diseases? A Retrospective Observational Study. diclemedj. 2025;52(3):423-30.