ADVANCEMENTS IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN DENTISTRY

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 11 - 21, 27.03.2025

Berna Yılmaz , Sibel Emiroğlu

https://doi.org/10.21306/dishekimligi.1585309

Öz

Composite resins are widely used restorative materials in modern dentistry, offering a broad range of applications. First introduced for clinical use in the 1960s, composites have been developed over time to meet varying needs such as aesthetics, durability, and biocompatibility through various classifications. Today, these materials come in different types according to particle size, viscosity, and polymerization method, tailored to meet various clinical requirements. The development of composite resins is ongoing, with the addition of new antibacterial properties, self-healing capacity, and caries-preventive effects.
This review examines the development, types, and classification of composite resins in detail. Composites are categorized based on particle sizes, viscosity characteristics, and polymerization methods, exploring the clinical advantages of different types, including conventional, flowable, and bulk-fill composites. Furthermore, functional composite types with antibacterial effects, such as giomers and ormocers, are discussed regarding their self-healing capacity and caries-preventive properties. Innovative features, such as the addition of antimicrobial agents, remineralization, and low polymerization shrinkage, are highlighted for their enhancement of composite performance.
Finally, the potential contributions of technological advancements are explored, focusing on the bioactive transformation of composites to support oral health and extend the longevity of restorations in the future.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bioactive properties, Composite resins, Restorative materials

KOMPOZİT MATERYALLERDEKİ GELİŞMELER

Öz

Kompozit rezinler, modern diş hekimliğinde sıklıkla kullanılan restoratif malzemelerden biri olarak geniş bir uygulama alanına sahiptir. İlk olarak 1960'larda klinik kullanıma giren kompozitler, zaman içinde çeşitli sınıflandırmalara ayrılarak estetik, dayanıklılık ve biyouyumluluk gibi farklı ihtiyaçlara göre geliştirilmiştir. Günümüzde partikül boyutu, viskozite ve polimerizasyon yöntemine göre farklı türleri bulunan bu malzemeler, çeşitli klinik ihtiyaçları karşılayacak şekilde özelleştirilmiştir. Kompozit rezinlerin gelişim süreci, yeni antibakteriyel özelliklerin, kendini onarma kapasitesinin ve çürük önleyici etkilerin eklenmesiyle sürekli olarak devam etmektedir.
Bu derlemede, kompozit rezinlerin gelişimi, çeşitleri ve sınıflandırmaları detaylı şekilde ele alınmıştır. Kompozitler; partikül boyutları, viskozite özellikleri ve polimerizasyon yöntemlerine göre kategorize edilerek tepilebilir, akışkan ve bulk-fill gibi farklı türlerinin klinik avantajları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, giomer ve ormoser gibi fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip kompozit türlerinin antibakteriyel etkileri, kendini onarma kabiliyeti ve çürük önleme özellikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Antimikrobiyal ajanların eklenmesi, remineralizasyon ve düşük polimerizasyon büzülmesi gibi yenilikçi özelliklerin kompozitlerin performansını nasıl artırdığı vurgulanmıştır.
Son olarak, teknolojik ilerlemelerle kompozitlerin biyoaktif hale getirilerek ağız sağlığını desteklemesi ve restorasyonların ömrünü uzatması gibi gelişmelerin gelecekteki potansiyel katkılarına da yer verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyoaktif özellikler, Kompozit rezinler, Restoratif malzemeler

Kaynakça

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