Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Evaluation of the Attitudes of University Students Studying in a Winter Sports Destination Towards Winter Sports

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 1 - 11, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.71243/dksbd.1696228

Öz

This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of university students studying in a winter sports destination towards winter sports. For this purpose, a total of 106 students, 47 (44.3%) female and 59 (55.7%) male, studying in different departments of Kafkas University, participated in the study. In the study, the “Winter Sports Attitude Scale” developed by Şebin (2009) was used to measure the students' attitudes towards winter sports. The winter sports attitude scale consists of 25 items and a single sub-dimension. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the scale found by Şebin (2009) was determined as .94.
The IBM SPSS Statistics v22 package program was used in the statistical analysis of the data. Skewness and Kurtosis tests were used to test the normality of the data, and it was determined that the data did not have a normal distribution. After this first examination, the nonparametric test method was used in the statistical analysis of the data. In the paired group comparisons of the students' demographic variables in the winter sports destination, the "Mann-Whitney U Test" was applied. In the comparisons of three/or more groups, the "Kruskal-Wallis H" test was applied, and again, the "Mann-Whitney U Test" was used to determine the direction of significance. The significance level was set at 0.05. The mean score of the Winter Sports Attitude Scale of the students participating in the research was 2.53±0.79.
As a result of the research, in this study where the attitudes of students who are located near the winter sports center and do not have any transportation problems to the facility were evaluated, it was found that the attitudes of older students towards winter sports were statistically lower than those of the other participants. Among the participants who were engaged in skiing with a license and those who were not licensed, it was observed that those who were engaged in sports with a license developed a significantly lower attitude. Considering the time they spent in the branch, they did so with a permit and the energy they paid, it is interpreted that this situation creates a saturation towards winter sports and causes a decrease in the level of attitude. No statistically significant difference was found in the evaluations made in other demographic variables.

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality and behaviour. McGraw-hill education (UK).
  • Appleton, P. R., & Curran, T. (2021). The self-determination theory process model of burnout: A meta-analytic review of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 43(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2020-0067
  • Başar, B., Güneş, E. ve Alagöz G. (2016). Kış sporcuları bakış açısından Erzurum-Palandöken kış turizm merkezinin değerlendirilmesi. I. Ulusal Alternatif Turizm Kongresi, 7-9 Nisan, Erzincan, ss. 255.
  • Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., Wells, J. C., Loos, R. J. F., & Martin, B. W. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? The Lancet, 380(9838), 258–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60735-1
  • Biddle, S. J. H., & Mutrie, N. (2008). Psychology of physical activity: Determinants, well-being and interventions (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2021). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (30. baskı). Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G. P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B. E., & Li, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(2), 103–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
  • Cunningham, G. B., Fink, J. S., & Sartore-Baldwin, M. L. (2021). Gender differences in sport consumer behavior: The moderating role of involvement. Sport Management Review, 24(3), 469–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2020.08.005
  • Curran, T., & Standage, M. (2017). Psychological needs and the quality of student engagement in physical education: Teachers as key facilitators. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 36(3), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2017-0064
  • Çoknaz, H., & Tamer, K. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spora ilişkin tutumları. Ankara Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 95–108.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Doğan, O., & Özdemir, G. (2017). Kış turizmi destinasyonlarının değerlendirilmesinde coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) yaklaşımı: Türkiye örneği. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 36, 142–160.
  • Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
  • Egli, T., Bland, H. W., Melton, B. F., & Czech, D. R. (2011). Influence of age, sex, and race on college students’ exercise motivation of physical activity. Journal of American College Health, 59(5), 399–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.513074
  • Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for adults: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10, 135. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-135
  • Gössling, S., & Hall, C. M. (2006). Tourism and global environmental change: Ecological, social, economic and political interrelationships. Routledge.
  • Gustafsson, H., Kenttä, G., & Hassmén, P. (2011). Athlete burnout: An integrated model and future research directions. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2010.541927
  • Gustafsson, H., Madigan, D. J., & Lundkvist, E. (2018). Burnout in athletes: A theoretical overview. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of Sport Psychology (4th ed., pp. 639–658). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119568124.ch30
  • Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2020). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2
  • Hallmann, K., & Petry, K. (2013). Comparative sport development: Systems, participation and public policy. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8905-4
  • Hudson, S. (2000). Snow business: A study of the international ski industry. Tourism Management, 21(3), 307–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00055-9
  • Isoard-Gautheur, S., Guillet-Descas, E., & Gustafsson, H. (2016). Athlete burnout and the risk of dropping out of sports: A longitudinal study. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 10(2), 133–148. https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2015-0029
  • Karasar, N. (2022). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, ilkeler, teknikler (37. baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Kirkland, R. A., Karlin, N. J., & McBride, A. (2021). Predictors of physical activity across age groups: An analysis of motivation and self-efficacy. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 29(2), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2020-0068
  • Kolt, G. S., Driver, R. P., & Giles, L. C. (2004). Why older Australians participate in exercise and sport. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 12(2), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.12.2.185
  • Lonsdale, C., Hodge, K., & Rose, E. A. (2009). The behavioral regulation in sport questionnaire (BRSQ): Instrument development and initial validity evidence. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30(3), 323–355. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.30.3.323
  • Madigan, D. J., Stoeber, J., & Passfield, L. (2020). Perfectionism and burnout in junior athletes: A three-month longitudinal study. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 42(3), 195–205. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2019-0276
  • Marques, A., Gaspar de Matos, M., et al. (2022). Perceived barriers and facilitators for physical activity in young and older adults: a qualitative systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1230. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031230
  • Moreno-Murcia, J. A., Cervelló, E., & Martínez-Camacho, V. (2011). Psychological correlates of physical self-concept in adolescents. Revista de Psicodidáctica, 16(1), 51–66. https://doi.org/10.1387/RevPsicodidact.1194
  • Sallis, J. F., Cerin, E., Conway, T. L., Adams, M. A., Frank, L. D., Pratt, M., ... & Owen, N. (2016). Physical activity in relation to urban environments in 14 cities worldwide: a cross-sectional study. The Lancet, 387(10034), 2207–2217. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01284-2
  • Şebin, K. (2009). Erzurum kış sporları turizmi ile ilgili yöre halkının tutum ve beklentileri [Doktora tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Telama, R., Yang, X., Viikari, J., Välimäki, I., Wanne, O., & Raitakari, O. (2005). Physical activity from childhood to adulthood: a 21-year tracking study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28(3), 267–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2004.12.003
  • Weed, M. (2008). Sport & tourism: A reader. Routledge.
  • Whitehead, S., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2008). Adolescent girls' perceptions of physical activity: A focus group study. European Physical Education Review, 14(2), 243–262. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X08090708
  • Yildiran, I., Coban, B., & Ozdemir, M. (2022). University students’ attitudes toward physical education and sport according to the faculty type. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 16(1), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.33689/spes.2022.011

Kış Sporları Destinasyonunda Öğrenim Gören Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kış Sporlarına Karşı Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 1 - 11, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.71243/dksbd.1696228

Öz

Bu çalışma ile kış sporları destinasyonunda öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinin kış sporlarına karşı tutumlarını değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmaya Kafkas Üniversitesinin farklı bölümlerinde okuyan 47'i (%44,3) kadın, 59'u (%55,7) erkek olmak üzere toplam 106 öğrenci katılmıştır. Çalışmada öğrencilerin kış sporlarına karşı tutumlarını ölçmek için Şebin (2009) tarafından geliştirilen “Kış Sporları Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Kış sporları tutum ölçeği 25 madde tek alt boyuttan oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin Şebin (2009) tarafından bulunan Cronbach Alpha kat sayısı .94 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Verilerin istatistiksel çözümlemesinde, IBM SPSS Statistics v22 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normallik sınamasını yapmak için Skewness ve Kurtosis testleri kullanılmış ve verilerin normal bir dağılıma sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu ilk incelemeden sonra verilerin istatistiksel analizinde nonparametrik test yönteminin kullanılmasına karar verilmiştir. Kış sporları destinasyonunda bulunan öğrencilerin demografik değişkenlerinin ikili grup karşılaştırmalarında “Mann Whitney U Testi” üç ve/veya daha fazla grup karşılaştırmalarında ise “Kruskal Wallis H” testi uygulanmış ve anlamlılığın ne yönde olduğunu belirlemek için ise yine “Mann Whitney U Testi” kullanılmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi 0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin Kış Sporları Tutum Ölçeği ortalama puanları 2,53±0,79’dur.
Araştırma sonucunda kış sporları merkezi yakınında bulunan ve tesise ulaşım sorunu olmayan öğrencilerin kış sporlarına karşı tutumlarının değerlendirildiği bu çalışmada yaşı diğer öğrencilere oranla daha büyük olan öğrencilerin kış sporlarına karşı tutumlarının diğer katılımcılara oranla istatistiksel anlamda düşük olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Lisanslı olarak kayak sporu ile uğraşan katılımcılar ile lisanlı olmayan katılımcılar arasında ise lisanslı olarak spor yapanların anlamlı düzeyde düşük bir tutum geliştirdikleri görülmüştür. Lisanslı olarak yaptıkları branşta geçirdikleri süre ve harcadıkları enerji göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu durumun kış sporlarına karşı bir doygunluk oluşturduğu ve tutum düzeyinde düşüklüğe sebep olduğu şeklinde yorumlanmaktadır. Diğer demografik değişkenlerde yapılan değerlendirmelerde ise istatistiksel anlamda herhangi bir farklılığa rastlanmamıştır.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma kapsamında, 13.04.2025 tarih ve 81829505.903/39 sayılı Kafkas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Girişimsel Olmayan Etik Kurul onayı alınmıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Herhangi bir destek alınmamıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality and behaviour. McGraw-hill education (UK).
  • Appleton, P. R., & Curran, T. (2021). The self-determination theory process model of burnout: A meta-analytic review of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 43(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2020-0067
  • Başar, B., Güneş, E. ve Alagöz G. (2016). Kış sporcuları bakış açısından Erzurum-Palandöken kış turizm merkezinin değerlendirilmesi. I. Ulusal Alternatif Turizm Kongresi, 7-9 Nisan, Erzincan, ss. 255.
  • Bauman, A. E., Reis, R. S., Sallis, J. F., Wells, J. C., Loos, R. J. F., & Martin, B. W. (2012). Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? The Lancet, 380(9838), 258–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60735-1
  • Biddle, S. J. H., & Mutrie, N. (2008). Psychology of physical activity: Determinants, well-being and interventions (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2021). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (30. baskı). Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G. P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B. E., & Li, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(2), 103–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
  • Cunningham, G. B., Fink, J. S., & Sartore-Baldwin, M. L. (2021). Gender differences in sport consumer behavior: The moderating role of involvement. Sport Management Review, 24(3), 469–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2020.08.005
  • Curran, T., & Standage, M. (2017). Psychological needs and the quality of student engagement in physical education: Teachers as key facilitators. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 36(3), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2017-0064
  • Çoknaz, H., & Tamer, K. (2009). Üniversite öğrencilerinin beden eğitimi ve spora ilişkin tutumları. Ankara Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(2), 95–108.
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Doğan, O., & Özdemir, G. (2017). Kış turizmi destinasyonlarının değerlendirilmesinde coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) yaklaşımı: Türkiye örneği. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education, 36, 142–160.
  • Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
  • Egli, T., Bland, H. W., Melton, B. F., & Czech, D. R. (2011). Influence of age, sex, and race on college students’ exercise motivation of physical activity. Journal of American College Health, 59(5), 399–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.513074
  • Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for adults: informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10, 135. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-135
  • Gössling, S., & Hall, C. M. (2006). Tourism and global environmental change: Ecological, social, economic and political interrelationships. Routledge.
  • Gustafsson, H., Kenttä, G., & Hassmén, P. (2011). Athlete burnout: An integrated model and future research directions. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2010.541927
  • Gustafsson, H., Madigan, D. J., & Lundkvist, E. (2018). Burnout in athletes: A theoretical overview. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of Sport Psychology (4th ed., pp. 639–658). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119568124.ch30
  • Guthold, R., Stevens, G. A., Riley, L. M., & Bull, F. C. (2020). Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2
  • Hallmann, K., & Petry, K. (2013). Comparative sport development: Systems, participation and public policy. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8905-4
  • Hudson, S. (2000). Snow business: A study of the international ski industry. Tourism Management, 21(3), 307–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(99)00055-9
  • Isoard-Gautheur, S., Guillet-Descas, E., & Gustafsson, H. (2016). Athlete burnout and the risk of dropping out of sports: A longitudinal study. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 10(2), 133–148. https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2015-0029
  • Karasar, N. (2022). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, ilkeler, teknikler (37. baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Kirkland, R. A., Karlin, N. J., & McBride, A. (2021). Predictors of physical activity across age groups: An analysis of motivation and self-efficacy. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 29(2), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2020-0068
  • Kolt, G. S., Driver, R. P., & Giles, L. C. (2004). Why older Australians participate in exercise and sport. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 12(2), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.12.2.185
  • Lonsdale, C., Hodge, K., & Rose, E. A. (2009). The behavioral regulation in sport questionnaire (BRSQ): Instrument development and initial validity evidence. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30(3), 323–355. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.30.3.323
  • Madigan, D. J., Stoeber, J., & Passfield, L. (2020). Perfectionism and burnout in junior athletes: A three-month longitudinal study. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 42(3), 195–205. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2019-0276
  • Marques, A., Gaspar de Matos, M., et al. (2022). Perceived barriers and facilitators for physical activity in young and older adults: a qualitative systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1230. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031230
  • Moreno-Murcia, J. A., Cervelló, E., & Martínez-Camacho, V. (2011). Psychological correlates of physical self-concept in adolescents. Revista de Psicodidáctica, 16(1), 51–66. https://doi.org/10.1387/RevPsicodidact.1194
  • Sallis, J. F., Cerin, E., Conway, T. L., Adams, M. A., Frank, L. D., Pratt, M., ... & Owen, N. (2016). Physical activity in relation to urban environments in 14 cities worldwide: a cross-sectional study. The Lancet, 387(10034), 2207–2217. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01284-2
  • Şebin, K. (2009). Erzurum kış sporları turizmi ile ilgili yöre halkının tutum ve beklentileri [Doktora tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü]. Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Telama, R., Yang, X., Viikari, J., Välimäki, I., Wanne, O., & Raitakari, O. (2005). Physical activity from childhood to adulthood: a 21-year tracking study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 28(3), 267–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2004.12.003
  • Weed, M. (2008). Sport & tourism: A reader. Routledge.
  • Whitehead, S., & Biddle, S. J. H. (2008). Adolescent girls' perceptions of physical activity: A focus group study. European Physical Education Review, 14(2), 243–262. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X08090708
  • Yildiran, I., Coban, B., & Ozdemir, M. (2022). University students’ attitudes toward physical education and sport according to the faculty type. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 16(1), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.33689/spes.2022.011
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor ve Rekreasyon
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hatice Gezer 0000-0001-7291-4002

İsmail Karademir 0000-0001-5724-7969

Engin Gezer 0000-0002-3225-2160

Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 14 Eylül 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gezer, H., Karademir, İ., & Gezer, E. (2025). Kış Sporları Destinasyonunda Öğrenim Gören Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kış Sporlarına Karşı Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Dede Korkut Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.71243/dksbd.1696228