İkisi Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Tanılı, Biri Tipik Gelişim Gösteren Üçüz Kardeşlerin Dil ve İletişim Becerileri: Olgu Sunumu

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 448 - 477, 31.12.2025

Fatıma Sena Bahşi , Dilber Kaçar Kütükçü

https://doi.org/10.58563/dkyad-2025.83.11

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, aynı aile ve çevrede yetişen üçüzlerden OSB tanılı iki kardeş ile tipik gelişim gösteren kardeş arasındaki dil ve iletişim becerilerindeki benzerlik ve farklılıkları ortaya koymaktır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma, karşılaştırmalı betimsel araştırma modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş bir olgu sunumu olup, katılımcıları 5 yaşında (64 aylık) ikisi kız, biri erkek olan üçüz kardeşlerden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların dil, konuşma ve iletişim becerileri Türkçe Erken Dil Gelişim Testi (TEDİL), LITMUS Türkçe Cümle Tekrar Testi (LITMUS-TR), Türkçe Anlamsız Sözcük Tekrarı Testi (TAST), İletişim Matrisi, Ankara Gelişim Tarama Envanteri (AGTE), Gilliam Otistik Bozukluk Derecelendirme Ölçeği-2 Türkçe Versiyonu (GOBDÖ-2-TV) ile değerlendirilerek karşılaştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Tipik gelişim gösteren (TGG) erkek kardeşin TEDİL performansı “ortalama” iken, OSB'li kız kardeşlerden birinin TEDİL performansı “zayıf” bulunmuştur. OSB'li diğer kız kardeş işbirliği yapamadığı için testlerin hiçbiri uygulanamamıştır. TGG kardeşin LITMUS puanı 16 ve TAST puanı 2; OSB'li kardeşin LITMUS puanı 3 ve TAST puanı 2'dir. İletişim matrisi verilerine göre TGG kardeş iletişim becerilerini çeşitli ve işlevsel bir şekilde kullanabilmektedir. TEDİL performansı “zayıf” olan OSB'li kardeş dili sosyal amaçlı kullanırken jest ve mimikler yerine sözel ifadeleri tercih etmektedir. Diğer OSB'li kardeş ise sosyal ve bilgilendirici iletişimi tutarsız bir şekilde kullanmakta ve düşük düzeyde iletişimsel katılım göstermektedir.

Sonuç: Benzer genetik ve çevresel koşullara sahip olmalarına rağmen, üçüzler farklı dil ve konuşma becerilerine sahiptir. Bu bulgular, OSB’nin bireysel çeşitliliğini ve nöroçeşitlilik yaklaşımının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

otizm spektrum bozukluğu , tipik gelişim , üçüz , nöroçeşitlilik

Language and Communication Skills in Triplets: A Case Study on Two Children on Autism Spectrum and Their Typically Developing Sibling

Öz

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine how the language and communication skills of children diagnosed with ASD differ from those of a typically developing triplet sibling who grew up in the same environment.
Methods: The participants of the study were 5-year-old (64 months old) triplets, two girls and one boy. The language, speech and communication skills of the participants were evaluated with Turkish Early Language Development Test (TEDIL), LITMUS Turkish Sentence Repetition Test (LITMUS-TR), Turkish NonWord Repetition Test (TAST) and Communication Matrix.
Results: The TEDIL score of the brother with TD was average, whereas the TEDIL score of one of the sisters with ASD was poor. The other sister with ASD could not be administered any of the tests because she could not co-operate. The TD brother had a LITMUS score of 16 and a TAST score of 2; the sibling with ASD had a LITMUS score of 3 and a TAST score of 2. According to the communication matrix data, the brother with TD is able to use his communication skills in a diverse and functional way. While using language for social purposes, ASD sibling with a poor TEDIL score prefers verbal expressions instead of gestures and facial expressions. The other ASD sibling uses social and informational communication inconsistently, indicating a low level of communicative engagement.
Conclusion and Recommendations: Despite having similar genetic and environmental conditions, triplets have different language, speech and communication skills. These differences are noteworthy in terms of demonstrating neurodiversity and reminding us that individual differences should be emphasised in ASD.

Anahtar Kelimeler

autism spectrum disorder , typical development , triplets , neurodiversity

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