POPÜLASYONLAR ARASI ETKİLEŞİMLER VE KURULMA ORANLARINA OLAN ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ ARACI KURUMLAR ÖRNEĞİ: 1986-2005

Öz

Çalışmada, popülasyonların etkileşimi ve kurulma oranlarına etkileri Örgütsel Ekoloji Kuramı bağlamında incelenmiştir. Bunun için, Türkiye sermaye piyasasında faaliyet gösteren banka kökenli olan ve olmayan aracı kurumlar seçilmiştir. Her popülasyonun yoğunluğu, finansal faaliyetlerin büyüklüğü ve farklı zaman dilimleri bağımsız değişken olarak ele alınmış ve kurulma oranlarına olan etkileri görgül olarak test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, banka kökenli aracı kurumların banka kökenli olmayan aracı kurumlara baskın bir etkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Örgütsel Ekoloji Kuramı, Popülasyonlar Arası Etkileşimler, Finansal Aracı Kurumlar, Örgütsel Kurulma Oranları

INTERACTIONS AMONG POPULATIONS AND EFFECTS ON FOUNDING RATES: THE CASE OF FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY INSTITUTIONS IN TURKEY: 1986-2005

Öz

In this study, the interactions among populations and the effects on founding rates are examined within the context of organizational ecology theory. Two populations, bank intermediary institutions and non-bank intermediary institutions, which perform the same activities in the financial market in Turkey, are selected. Each population’s density, the amount of their financial activities and the different time periods are taken as independent variables and the effects of these variables on founding rates are tested empirically. The results show that the population of bank intermediary institutions has a dominant effect on the population of non-bank intermediary institutions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organizational Ecology Theory, Interactions Among Populations, Financial Intermediary Institutions, Organizational Founding Rates

Kaynakça

1. ALDRICH, H. (1999). Organizations evolving. London: Sage Publications.
2. ASTLEY, G.W., FOMBRUN, C.J. (1983). Collective strategy: social ecology of organizational environments. Academy of Management Review, 8 (4), pp.576-587.
3. BARNETT, W.P., CARROLL, G.R. (1987). Competition and mutualism among early telephone companies. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32 (3), pp.400-421.
4. BARRON, D.N., WEST, E, HANNAN, M.T. (1994). A time to grow and a time to die: Growth and mortality of credit unions in New York City, 1914-1990. American Journal of Sociology, (100), pp.381-421.
5. BAUM, A.C.J., SINGH, V. J. (1994). Organizational niches and the dynamics of organizational founding. Organization Science 5 (4), pp.483-501.
6. BAUM, A.C.J. (1996). Organizational ecology. S. CLEGG, C. HARDY, W. NORD (eds.) Handbook of Organization Studies, London: Sage.
7. BLOSSFELD, H.P., ROHWER, G. (1995). Techniques of Event History Modeling. New Approaches to Casual Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
8. BRITTAIN, J., WHOLEY, D.H. (1988). Competition and coexistence in organizational communities: population dynamics in electronics components manufacturing. Glenn R. Carroll (ed.), Ecological Models of Organizations. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

9. CARROLL, G. (1985). Concentration and specialization: dynamics of niche width in populations of organizations. American Journal of Sociology, 90 (6), pp.1262-1283.
10. CARROLL, G., DELACROIX, J. (1982). Organizational mortality in the newspapers industries of Argentina and Ireland: an ecological approach. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27 (2), pp.169-198.
11. CARROLL, G., HANNAN, M.T. (1989). Density dependence in the evolution of populations of newspaper organizations. American Sociological Review, 54 (4), pp.524-541.
12. CARROLL, G, HANNAN, M.T. (2000). The demography of organizations and industries. Princeton Press: USA.
13. CARROLL, G., HUO, P.Y. (1986). Organizational task and institutional environments in ecological perspective: findings from the local newspaper industry. The American Journal of Sociology, 91 (4), pp.838-873.
14. CEFLS, E., MARSILI, O. (2005). A matter of life and death: innovation and firm survival. Industrial and Corporate Change, 14 (6), pp.1167-1192.
15. CLEGG, R.S., ORSATTO, J. R. (1999). The political ecology of organizations. Organization & Environment, 12 (3), pp.263-279.
16. EMERY F, TRIST, E. (1965). The causal texture of organizational environments. Human Relations, (18), pp.21-32.
17. FREEMAN, J, HANNAN, M. T. (1983). Niche width and the dynamics of organizational populations. The American Journal of Sociology, 88 (6), pp.1116-1145.
18. HANNAN, M.T., CARROLL, G. (1992). Dynamics of organizational populations: density, legitimation and competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
19. HANNAN, M.T., FREEMAN, J. (1987). The ecology of organizational founding: American labor unions. 1836-1985. American Journal of Sociology, 92 (4), pp.910-943.
20. HANNAN, M.T., FREEMAN, J. (1977). The population ecology of organizations. American Journal of Sociology, 82 (5), pp.929-946.
21. HANNAN, M.T., FREEMAN, J. (1988). The ecology of organizational mortality: American labor unions. 1836-1985. American Journal of Sociology 94, (1), pp.925-955.
22. HANNAN, M.T., FREEMAN, J. (1989). Organizational ecology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
23. HOBCRAFT, J, MURPHY, M. (1986). Demographic event history analysis: a selective review. Population Index 52 (1), pp.3-27.
24. LOMI, A. (1995a). The population ecology of organizational founding: location dependence and unobserved heterogeneity. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40 (1), pp.111-14.
25. LOMI, A. (1995b). The population and community ecology of organizational founding: Italian co-operative banks, 1936-1989. European Sociological Review, 11 (1), pp.75-98.
26. MANAVGAT, Ç. (1991). Sermaye piyasasında aracı kurumlar. Ankara: Türkiye İş Bankası Vakfı Yayınları.
27. MESSALLAM, A.A. (1998). The organizational ecology of investment firms in Egypt: organizational founding. Organization Studies, 19, pp.23-46.
28. MINER, A. S. (1991). Organizational evolution and the social ecology of jobs. American Sociological Review 56 (6), pp.772-785.
29. PETERSEN, T., KOPUT, K.W. (1991). Density dependence in organizational mortality: legitimacy or unobserved heterogeneity. American Sociological Review (56), pp.399-409.
30. RAO, H. (2002). Interorganizational ecology. J.A.C. BAUM (ed.), Companion to Organizations. Oxford: Blackwell.
31. ROBINS, A.J. (1985). Ecology and society: a lesson for organization theory, from the logic of economics. Organization Studies, 6 (4), pp.335-348.
32. SORENSEN, J.B., STUART, T.E. (2000). Aging, obsolescence and organizational innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45 (1), pp.81-112.
33. STABER, U. H. (1992). Organizational interdependence and organizational mortality in the cooperative sector: a community ecology perspective. Human Relations 45 (11), pp.1191- 1212.
34. SWAMINATHAN, A. (1995). The proliferation of specialist organizations in the american wine industry, 1941-1990. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40 (4), pp.653-680.
35. TAŞKIRAN, S. (1991). Aracı kurumlara ilişkin ilk değerlendirmeler. Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu Raporu Spk:Ankara.
36. TUCKER, D.J., SINGH, J.V., MEINHARD, G.A. (1990). Organizational form, population dynamics, and institutional change: the founding patterns of voluntary organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 33 (1), pp.151-178.
37. YELOĞLU, H.O. (2007). Örgütsel ekoloji ve popülasyonlar arası etkileşimler: Türkiye Sermaye Piyasasındaki Aracı Kurumlar örneği, Published Doctoral Thesis, Ankara.