Dinamik Örgütsel Kurallar, Pazar Bilgisi Özümseme Kapasitesi ve Firma Yenilikçiliği: Ampirik Bir İnceleme

Öz

Pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesi bir firmanın pazar başarısı için önemli olan dinamik yeteneklerinden biridir. Ancak ilginç olarak pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma yenilikçiliği üzerindeki etkisi ve örgütün yapı ve davranışlarında gömülü olan dinamik örgütsel kuralların bu kapasite üzerindeki etkisi literatürde incelenmemiştir. Bu çalışma 241 firmayı analiz ederek a dinamik örgütsel kuralların pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesini oluşturan her bir değişken ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu, b pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma yenilikçiliği ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu ve c firma yenilikçiliğinin firma performansı ile pozitif ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, pazar bilgisi özümseme kapasitesinin firma performansını firma yenilikçiliğinin aracılığıyla etkilediği de gösterilmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dinamik Örgütsel Kurallar, Pazar Bilgisi, Özümseme Kapasitesi, Yenilikçilik

Dynamic Rules of Action, Market Knowledge Absorptive Capacity and Firm Innovativeness: An Empirical Analysis

Öz

The concept of market knowledge absorptive capacity AC is one of the dynamic capabilities that a firm has which is crucial for market success of the organization. However, the effect of market knowledge AC on the firm innovativeness i.e. product and process and the impact of dynamic rules of action embedded in organizational structure and behaviors on this capacity is interestingly missing in the AC literature. By investigating 241 firms, this paper indicates that a dynamic rules of action are positively associated with market knowledge AC variables, b market knowledge AC is positively related to firm innovativeness, c firm innovativeness is positively associated with firm performance. In addition, we show that market knowledge AC influences firm performance via firm innovativeness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dynamic Rules of Action, Market Knowledge, Absorptive Capacity, Innovativeness

Kaynakça

1. Abernathy, W. J., & Clark, K. B. (1985). Mapping the Winds of Creative Destruction. Research Policy 14(1), 3-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333(85)90021-6
2. Akgün, A. E., Keskin, H., & Byrne, J. C. (2014). Complex Adaptive Systems Theory and Firm Product Innovativeness. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management. 31, 21-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2013.09.003
3. Akgün, A. E., Keskin, H., & Byrne, J. (2009). Organizational Emotional Capability, Product and Process Innovation, and Firm Performance: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management. 26(3), 103-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jengtecman.2009.06.008
4. Anderson, J.C., & Gerbing, D.W. (1988). Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step Approach. Psychological Bulletin 103(3), 411–423. Retrieved from http://www3.nd.edu/~kyuan/courses/sem/readpapers/ANDERSON.pdf
5. Atuahene-Gima, K. (1995). An Exploratory Analysis of the Impact of Market Orientation on New Product Performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 12(4), 275-293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0737-6782(95)00027-Q
6. Bagozzi, R., Yi, Y., & Phillips, L. W. (1991). Assessing Construct Validity in Organizational Research. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(3), 421–458. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2307/2393203
7. Baron R., & Kenny D. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
8. Brief, A.P., & Downey, H. K. (1983). Cognitive and Organizational Structures: A Conceptual Analysis of Implicit Design Theories. Human Relations, 36(12), 1065–1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872678303601201

9. Bruni, D. S., & Verona, G. (2009). Dynamic Marketing Capabilities in Science-Based Firms: An Exploratory Investigation of the Pharmaceutical Industry. British Journal of Management, 20(1), 101-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2008.00615.x
10. Brown, K., Schmied, H., & Tarondeau, J. C. (2003). Success Factors in R&D: A Meta-Analysis of the Empirical Literature and Derived Implications for Design Management. Design Management Journal, 2(1), 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1948-7177.2002.tb00013.x
11. Chen, Y. S., Lin, M. J. J., & Chang, C. H. (2009). The Positive Effects of Relationship Learning and Absorptive Capacity on Innovation Performance and Competitive Advantage in Industrial http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.12.003 Marketing Management, 38(2), 152-158.
12. Christiansen, J. K., & Varnes, C. J. (2015). Drivers of Changes in Product Development Rules: How Generations of Rules Change Back and Forth. European Journal of Innovation Management, 18(2), 218 – 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-08-2013-0086
13. Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128-152. http://doi.org/10.2307/2393553
14. Day, G. S. (1994). The Capabilities of Market-Driven Firms. Journal of Marketing, 58(4), 37– 52. Retrieved Seminar- 2015/Session%202/Day%201994.pdf
15. Day, G. S., & Nedungadi, P. (1994). Managerial Representations of Competitive Advantage. Journal of Marketing, 58(2), 31-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1252267
16. De Luca, L. M., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2007). Market Knowledge Dimensions and Cross- Functional Collaboration: Examining the Different Routes to Product Innovation Performance. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 95-112. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist. psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.579.1586&rep=rep1&type=pdf
17. Dibrell, C., Craig, J. B., & Neubaum, D. O. (2014). Linking the Formal Strategic Planning Process, Planning Flexibility, and Innovativeness to Firm Performance. Journal of Business Research, 67(9), 2000-2007. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.10.011
18. Ellinger, A.D., Ellinger, A.E., Yang, B., & Howton, S.W. (2002). The Relationship Between the Learning Organization Concept and Firm’s Financial Performance: An Empirical Assessment. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 13(1), 5–21. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hrdq.1010/pdf
19. Expósito-Langa, M., Molina-Morales, F. X., & Capó-Vicedo, J. (2011). New Product Development and Absorptive Capacity in Industrial Districts: A Multidimensional Approach. 00343400903241535 Studies, 45(3), 319-331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/
20. Fayard, D, Lee, L. S., Leitch, R. A., & Kettinger, W. J. (2012). Effect of Internal Cost Management, İnformation Systems Integration, and Absorptive Capacity on Inter- Organizational Cost management in Supply Chains, Accounting, Organizations and Society, 37(3), 168-187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aos.2012.02.001
21. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–51. Retrieved from b613-86b964f897bc%40sessionmgr107&vid=0&hid=111
22. Gaglio, C. N., & Katz, J. A. (2001). The Psychological Basis of Opportunity Identification: Entrepreneurial Alertness. Small Business Economics, 16(2), 95-111. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1011132102464
23. Gibbs, D. (2009). Sustainability Entrepreneurs, Ecopreneurs and the Development of a Sustainable Economy. Greener Management International, 55(1), 63–78. Retrieved from http://sti.uem.mz/documentos/d_sustentavel/sustainability_entrepreneurs.pdf
24. Giuliani, E. (2005). Cluster Absorptive Capacity Why Do Some Clusters Forge Ahead and Others Lag Behind?. European Urban and Regional Studies, 12(3), 269-288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776405056593
25. Grant, R. M. (2003). Strategic Planning in a Turbulent Environment: Evidence from the Oil Majors, Strategic Management Journal, 24(6), 491–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.314
26. Haro-Dominguez, M. C., Arias-Aranda, D., Llorens-Montes, F. J., & Ruiz-Moreno, A. (2007). The Impact of Absorptive Capacity on Technological Acquisitions Engineering Consulting Companies. Technovation, 27(8), 417-425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation. 2007.04.003
27. Huergoa,E., & Jaumandreu, J. (2004). Firms’ Age, Process Innovation and Productivity Growth. International Journal of Industrial Organization 22(4), 541 – 559. Retrieved from http://people.bu.edu/jordij/papers/prodgrowth.pdf
28. Hurley, R., & Hult, G. T. M. (1998). Innovation, Market Orientation, and Organizational Learning: An Integration and Empirical Examination. Journal of Marketing, 62(3), 42–54. Retrieved from https://global.broad.msu.edu/hult/publications/jm98.pdf
29. Jansen, J.J.P., Van den Bosch, F.A.J., & Volberda, H.W. (2005). Managing Potential and Realized Absorptive Capacity: How Do Organizational Antecedents Matter? Academy of Management Journal, 48(6), 999-1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2005.19573106
30. Jiménez-Castillo, D., & Sánchez-Pérez, M. (2013a). Market Knowledge Absorptive Capacity: A Measurement Scale. Information Research, 18(4), 1-17. Retrieved from http://www.informationr.net/ir/18-4/paper593.html
31. Jiménez-Castillo, D., & Sánchez-Pérez, M. (2013b). Nurturing Employee Market Knowledge Absorptive Capacity Through Unified Internal Communication and Integrated Information Technology. Information & Management, 50(2–3), 76-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.im.2013.01.001.
32. Kohli, A. K., & Jaworski, B. J. (1990). Market Orientation: The Construct, Research Propositions, And Managerial Implications. Journal of Marketing, 54(2), 1-18. http://doi.org/10.2307/ 1251866
33. Kostopoulos, K., Papalexandris, A., Papachroni, M., & Ioannou, G. (2011). Absorptive Capacity, Innovation, and Financial Performance, Journal of Business Research, 64(12), 1335-1343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.12.005
34. Kumar, N., Stern, L.W., & Anderson, J.C. (1993). Conducting Interorganizational Research Using Key Informants. Academy of Management Journal, 36(6), 1633–1651. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.462.4743&rep=rep1&type=pdf
35. Lane, P. J., & Lubatkin, M. (1998). Relative Absorptive Capacity and Interorganizational Learning. Strategic Management Journal, 19(5), 461-477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ (SICI)1097-0266(199805)19:5<461::AID-SMJ953>3.0.CO;2-L
36. Lane, P. J., Salk, J. E., & Lyles, M.A. (2001). Absorptive Capacity, Learning, and Performance in International Joint Ventures. Strategic Management Journal, 22(12), 1139-1161. http://doi.org/1139-1161. 10.1002/smj.206
37. Lewin, A. Y., Massini, Y., & Peeters, Y. (2011). Microfoundations of Internal and External Absorptive Capacity Routines. Organization Science, 22(1), 81-98. http://doi.org/ 10.1287/orsc.1100.0525
38. Li, T., & Calantone, R. J. (1998). The Impact of Market Knowledge Competence on New Product Advantage: Conceptualization and Empirical Examination. Journal of Marketing, 62(4), 13-29. http://doi.org/10.2307/1252284
39. Liao, J., Welsch, H., & Stoica, M. (2003). Organizational Absorptive Capacity and Responsiveness: An Empirical Investigation of Growth-Oriented SMEs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(1), 63-85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.00032
40. Lin, K.W., & Huang, K.P. (2012). Dynamic Capability and Its Effects on Firm Performance. American from http://thescipub.com/PDF/ajassp.2012.107.110.pdf Applied Sciences, 9 (1), 107-110. Retrieved
41. Lööf, H., Heshmati, A. (2001). On the Relationship between Innovation and Performance: A Sensitivity Analysis. SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance, 446, 1-36. Retrieved from http://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/56340/1/687616948.pdf
42. McCarthy, I.P., Tsinopoulos, C., Allen, P., & Rose-Anderssen, R. (2006). New Product Development as a Complex Adaptive System of Decisions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 23(5), 437–456. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2006.00215.x
43. McEvily, B., Perrone, V., & Zaheer, A. (2003). Trust as an Organizing Principle. Organization Science, Vincenzo_Perrone3/publication/240293881_Trust_as_an_Organizing_Principle/links/0c9 6052710f2623ba9000000.pdf
44. Moorman, C. (1995). Organizational Market Information Processes: Cultural Antecedents and New Product Outcomes. Journal of Marketing Research, 32(3), 318-335. Retrieved from https://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/~moorman/Publications/JMR1995.pdf
45. Mu, J., Zhang, G., & MacLachlan, D. L. (2011). Social Competency and New Product Development Performance. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 58(2), 363- 376. http://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2010.2099231
46. Nieto, M., & Quevedo, P. (2005). Absorptive Capacity, Technological Opportunity, Knowledge Spillovers, and Innovative Effort, Technovation, 25(10), 1141-1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2004.05.001.
47. Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science, download?doi=10.1.1.115.2590&rep=rep1&type=pdf Rerieved from
48. Nonaka, I., & Takeuchi, H. (1995). The knowledge-creating company: how japanese companies create the dynamics of innovation. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
49. Park, J. H., Suh, H. J., & Yang, H. D. (2007). Perceived Absorptive Capacity of Individual Users in Performance of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Usage: The Case for Korean Firms. Information & Management, 44(3), 300–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.im.2007.02.001.
50. Parrish, B. D. (2010). Sustainability-Driven Entrepreneurship: Principles of Organization Design. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.05.005 of Business Venturing, 25(5), 510–523.
51. Pentland, B. T., Feldman, M. S., Becker, M. C., & Liu, P. (2012). Dynamics of Organizational Routines: A Generative Model. Journal of Management Studies, 49(8), 1484-1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01064.x
52. Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. (1986). Reports in Organizational Research: Problems and Prospects. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dennis_Organ/publication/247482586_Self- Report_in_Organizational_Research/links/561965bc08ae6d173086ef56.pdf from
53. Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing ındustries and competitors, New York: Free Press.
54. Reynaud, B. (2005). The Void at the Heart of Rules: Routines in the Context of Rule-Following. The Case of the Paris Metro Workshop. Industrial and Corporate Change, 14(5), 847–871. Retrieved from http://www.benedicte-reynaud.com/texte/Reynaud_ICC-2005.pdf
55. Rodríguez, A., Roldán, J. L., Ariza-Montes, J., & Leal-Millán, A. (2014). From Potential Absorptive Capacity to Innovation Outcomes in Project Teams: The Conditional Mediating Role of the Realized Absorptive Capacity in a Relational Learning Context. International Journal of Project Management, 32(6), 894-907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman. 2014.01.005
56. Rogers, M. (2004). Networks, Firm Size and Innovation. Small Business Economics, 22(2), 414-153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:SBEJ.0000014451.99047.69
57. Rosenbusch, N., Brinckmann, J., & Bausch, A. (2011). Is Innovation always Beneficial? A Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Innovation and Performance in SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 26(4), 441–457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.12.002
58. Sarasvathy, S. D. (2004). Making It Happen: Beyond Theories of the Firm to Theories of Firm Design. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 28(6), 519–531. Retrieved from http://ssrn.com/abstract=1441656
59. Srivastava, M. K., Gnyawali, D. R., &Hatfield, D. E. (2015). Behavioral Implications of Absorptive Capacity: The Role Of R&D Effort and Capability in Leveraging Alliance Network Technological Resources in High Technology Industry. Technological Forecasting j.techfore.2015.01.010. Change, 92(1), 346-358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/
60. Szulanski, G. (1996). Exploring Internal Stickiness: Impediments to the Transfer of Best Practice http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250171105 Strategic Management Journal, 17(2), 27-43.
61. Tsai, K-H. (2009). Collaborative Networks and Product Innovation Performance: Toward a Contingency Perspective. Research Policy, 38(5), 765-778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.respol.2008.12.012.
62. Tsai, W. (2001). Knowledge Transfer in Intraorganizational Networks: Effects of Network Position and Absorptive Capacity on Business Unit Innovation and Performance. The Academy http://www.jstor.org/stable/3069443
63. Tseng, C-Y., Pai, D. C., & Hung, C-H. (2011). Knowledge Absorptive Capacity and Innovation Performance http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13673271111179316 of Knowledge Management, 15(6), 971-983.
64. Usunier, J. C. (2011). Language as a Resource to Assess Cross-Cultural Equivalence in Quantitative Management Research. Journal of World Business, 46(3), 314-319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2010.07.002.
65. York, K. M., & Mire, C. E. (2004). Causation or Covariation: An Empirical Re-Examination of the Link between TQM and Financial Performance. Journal of Operations Management, 22(3), 291–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2004.02.001
66. Wang, C.L., & Ahmed, P. K. (2004). The Development and Validation of the Organizational Innovativeness Construct Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. European Journal of Innovation Management, 7(4) 303–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14601060410565056
67. Wheelen, T. L., & Hunger, J. D. (2008). Strategic management and business policy (11th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
68. Winter, S. G. (2003). Understanding Dynamic Capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 24(10), 991–995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.318
69. Wu, A., & Voss, H. (2015). When does Absorptive Capacity Matter for International Performance of Firms? Evidence from China, International Business Review, 24(2), 344- 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2014.08.006.
70. Zahra, S. A., Ireland, R. D., & Hitt, M. A. (2000). International Expansion by New Venture Firms: International Diversity, Mode of Market Entry, Technological Learning, and Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 925-950. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1556420
71. Zahra, S. A., & George, G. (2002). Absorptive Capacity: A Review, Reconceptualization, and Extension. Academy 10.2307/4134351 ManagementReview, 27(2), 185-203. http://dx.doi.org/