AB GÜVENLİK STRATEJİ BELGELERİNDE İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİNİ İNCELEMEK

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 8, 130 - 142, 30.12.2021

Sezin İba Gürsoy

Öz

Soğuk savaşın ardından güvenlik kavramının geleneksel güvenlik anlayışından insan merkezli güvenlik
kurgusuna veya yaygın kullanımıyla insan güvenliği/insani güvenlik (human security) yaklaşımına doğru
genişlediği görülmektedir. İnsani güvenliğin alt kategorilerinden çevresel güvenlik ve bunun başat riski iklim
değişikliği son yıllarda uluslararası güvenlik tehdidi kapsamında ele alınmaktadır. Bu makale AB iklim değişikliği
politikası ile güvenliği birbirine bağlarken ana kavramsal mercek olarak insani güvenlik yaklaşımını
kullanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda makalenin amacı Birliğin temel güvenlik politika belgeleri içinde iklim
değişikliğini nerede konumlandırdığını ortaya koymaktır. Makalenin yöntemi AB’nin 2003-2020 yılları arasında
yayınladığı Güvenlik ve Strateji belgelerinin niteliksel içerik analizine dayanmaktadır. Bu belgeler çevrimiçi
Wordcloud kelime işlemcisi ile analiz edilerek, sonuçta en sık tekrar eden kelimelerin frekansları
oluşturulmaktadır. Makale, iklim değişikliğinin AB güvenlik belgelerinde giderek daha belirgin bir rol oynadığını,
tüm bu retorik ilgiye rağmen iklimle ilgili gerekli eylemlerin sınırlı kaldığı; önlemlerin insani güvenlik yaklaşımı
altında uygulanması gerektiği şeklindeki temel argümanı ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, İklim Değişikliği, Söylem Analizi, Güvenlik

Kaynakça

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