KIRSAL GELİSİMDE KÜLTÜR (MİRASI) TURİZMİ MODELİ

Öz

Industrialization and globalization lowered the importance of traditional production methods such as animal breeding or agriculture in economies. The negative impacts of the free trade agreement and globalization have had negative effects on the social, cultural and economic conditions of rural areas. To improve the conditions in the rural areas that do not possess industry and technolgy governments and locals have begun to view the tourism as a tool for the economic development. The seaside tourism has showed that the tourism could be a perfect tool. Because the tourism industry can use natural, cultural and ecological attactions. Although every destination does not have enough natural or ecological attractions that can be used to draw the visitors, every place has its own and unique culture. However, as the tourism can create economis profits, it consumes natural and cultural resources. Therefore there are many inflıental factors and variables that have to be taken into consideration in tourism developments in rural areas. Today, there is a tendency to use both inherited and living cultural aspects as attractions all over the world. This paper aims to clarify the positive and negative features of the cultural tourism and discuss what its outcomes can be

Anahtar Kelimeler

• rural development, cultural heritage tourism, responsible marketing

KIRSAL GELİSİMDE KÜLTÜR (MİRASI) TURİZMİ MODELİ

Öz

Endüstrileşme ve teknoloji, hayvancılık ve tarım gibi geleneksel üretim yöntemlerinin önemini azaltmıştır. Serbest ticaret anlaşmaları ve küreselleşmenin olumsuz etkileri kırsal alanların sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik koşullarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Teknoloji ve sanayisi olmayan kırsal alanlarda, koşulları iyileştirmek isteyen hükümetler ve yerel halk, turizmi ekonomik gelişim aracı olarak görmeye başlamışlardır. Kıyı turizmi gelişimi, turizmin ekonomik gelişim aracı olabileceğini göstermiştir. Turizm doğal, kültürel ve ekolojik çekicilikleri kullanabilmektedir. Her yörenin ziyaretçi çekmek için kullanılabilecek yeterli doğal veya ekolojik çekiciliği olmamakla beraber, kendisine ait ve özgün bir kültürü vardır. Ancak turizm ekonomik faydalar yarattığı gibi doğal ve kültürel kaynakları da tüketmektedir. Kırsal alanlarda turizm gelişiminde dikkate alınması gereken çok sayıda faktör ve değişken etkilidir. Dünya genelinde hem miras alınan hem de yaşayan kültürün unsurlarının çekicilik olarak kullanmaya yönelik bir eğilim vardır. Bu çalışmada, kültür turizminin olumlu ve olumsuz özelliklerinin sonuçları tartışılmakta ve altı aşamada uygulanması öngörülen bir Kırsal Alanlarda Kültür Turizmini Geliştirme Modeli önerilmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kırsal gelişim, kültürel miras turizmi, sorumlu pazarlama

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