NEW HISTORICISM AND RENAISSANCE CULTURE

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 1, 77 - 95, 01.01.2005

Evrim Doğan

Öz

New Historicism considers works of literature as historical texts. New Historicism suggests a subjective approach to literature and was practiced mostly in Renaissance studies. According to new historicism, identity is fashioned by social institutions. Literature is another form of social construct, which is produced by the society and in return is active in reshaping the culture of that society. Literature is a cultural creation constructed by more than one consciousness. Therefore, social, political, religious, and economic factors of a given society determine the literature it produces. These elements circulate in society through "social energy," which is encoded in the works of art, which trespasses its historicity and becomes the means to represent the ideology of the culture through resonant texts. New Historicism ventures this through its suggestion of historicity of texts and textuality of history.

Anahtar Kelimeler

New Historicism, Historical Texts, Renaissance Studies, Fashioning of Identity, Social Energy, Ideology of Culture, Historicity of Texts, Textuality of History

YENİ TARİHSELCİLİK VE RÖNESANS KÜLTÜRÜ

Öz

Yeni tarihselci edebi yaklaşım edebiyat eserlerini tarihsel bir metin olarak algılar ve metne tarihselci bir yaklaşım önerir. Bu edebi eleştiri akımı öncelikle Rönesans araştırmalarında kullanılmıştır. Yeni tarihselciliğin önerdiği tarih yaklaşımı eserlerin yazıldıkları dönemin sosyal ve kültürel bağlamları göz önünde tutularak nesnel kaygılar gözetilmeden öznel bir bakış açısı ile, sosyal, ekonomik, ve politik yaşam göz önünde bulundurularak sorgulanmasıdır. Yeni tarihselci eleştiriye göre kişiliğin yapılanması öncelikle sosyal kurumların ürünüdür. Yeni tarihselcilik edebi metni sadece bir ürün, eser olarak değil, aynı zamanda bir yaratan, yapılandıran olarak görür. Bir kültürün birikimi ve toplumsal enerjisiyle, yazarın kaleminden ortaya çıkan eser aynı zamanda kendi kültürünün yeniden yapılanmasına katkıda bulunur ve kültürün ideolojisinin anlaşılmasına aracılık eder. Bu sebeple yeni tarihselci edebi yaklaşım metnin tarihselleşmesi ve tarihin metinselleşmesi arasındaki karşılıklı etkilenmeyi inceler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yeni Tarihselcilik, Tarihsel Metin, Rönesans Araştırmaları, Kişilik Yapılanması, Toplumsal Enerji, Kültür İdeolojisi, Metnin Tarihselleşmesi, Tarihin Metinselleşmesi

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