Erken Eğitim Hizmetlerinde Bir Paradigma Değişimi: Çocuk-Merkezcilikten Aile Merkezciliğe

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 2, 13 - 25, 01.01.2007

Selda Özdemir

Öz

Erken eğitim, 0-3 yaşları arasında, gelişimi çeşitli faktörler nedeniyle risk altında olan çocuklara ve ailelerine verilmek amacıyla desenlenen entegre edilmiş hizmetler bütünüdür.Günümüzdeki erken eğitim uygulamalarının, sadece çocuk için desenlenen terapiye dayalı eğitim uygulamalarından çıkarılarak, ailelerin çocuklarının gelişimini desteklemeleri için etkililiklerinin arttırılmasına dayalı bir sisteme geçilmesi gerektiği desteklenmektedir. Aile merkezli hizmetler, temelde aileye saygıyı ön plana alan, ailenin kaygılarını, önceliklerini ve kaynaklarını dikkate alan, aileyi nihai kararı veren bir birim olarak kabul eden, ve aile ile erken eğitim çalışanlarının işbirliğine dayalı olan bir hizmet şekli olarak betimlenir. Bu makele, aile merkezli uygulamaların teoriye dayalı ve deneysel kanıtlarını ve aile merkezli erken eğitim programları ile ilgili var olan bilgileri derler ve entegre eder.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Erken Eğitim, Aile, Aile-Merkezli Hizmetler, Erken Çocuklukta Özel Gereksinimleri Olan Çocuklar, Risk Altında Çocuklar, Eve-Dayalı Eğitim, Erken Eğitim Hizmet Aktarımı, Ekolojik Teori

A PARADIGM SHIFT IN EARLY INTERVENTION SERVICES: FROM CHILDCENTEREDNESS TO FAMILY CENTEREDNESS

Öz

Early intervention is an integrated service available to the families and their children, between birth and three years of age, for whom there are developmental concerns due to identified disabilities and/or various circumstances. Current early intervention practice has been called to move away from a practice in which therapeutic and educational services are designed only for the child, to a practice that emphasizes support of the strengths and effectiveness of families to facilitate the child’s growth. Family-centered services characterized, primarily by a fundamental respect for families; attention to family-identified concerns, priorities, and resources; recognition of the family as the ultimate decision maker; and collaboration between families and professionals. This article reviews and integrates available evidence about theoretical and empirical background relating to family-centered practice and discusses information relating to the implementation of family-centered early intervention services.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Early Intervention, Family, Family-Centered Services, Young Children with Disabilities, At-Risk Children, Home-Based Intervention, Early Intervention Service Delivery, Ecological Theory

Kaynakça

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