BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Manifesto Olarak Eleştiri Bilim Olarak Eleştiriye Karşı: Modernizm Çağında Yeni Bir “Eserler Savaşı”

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 53 Sayı: 2, 85 - 104, 01.01.2013

Öz

Percy Lubbock, Virginia Woolf, T. S. Eliot ve diğerleri, çalışmaları değerli sayılan ve hala çağdaş edebiyat kuramı ve eleştirisinde geçerliliğini sürdüren eleştirmenler arasında kabul edilirler. Bu eleştirmenlerden bazıları yazareleştirmen, diğerleri ise akademik ya da profesyonel eleştirmenlerdir. Hayal ürünü türünde yazan yazarların kimisi gelenekselliği benimseyip gerçekçi olarak yazmaya devam etmiş, kimisi ise buna karşı ç ıkarak yenilikçi olmuştur. Aynı şekilde, edebi eleştirmenlerden bazıları geleneksel sübjektif ve mücadeleci eleştirilerine devam etmiş, diğerleri de eleştiride yenilikçi olmaya ve daha tarafsız, bilimsel ve metodolojik yaklaşımlar geliştirmeye çalışmışlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Virginia Woolf’un Modern Fiction ve Percy Lubbock’un The Craft of Fiction eserlerine odaklanarak yirminci yüzyılın ilk yarısındaki bu eleştirel yaklaşımları açığa kavuşturmaktır. Bir yazar-eleştirmen olan Woolf, çağdaş gerçekçileri reddeder ve kendisinin de önemli bir savunucusu olduğu deneysel kurguyu metheder, fakat bir eleştirmen olarak geleneksel sübjektif, savunucu ve kuralcı kalmaya devam eder. Aksine, kendisi de bir eleştirmen olan Lubbock, roman türünü estetik olarak uyumlu hale getiren on dokuzuncu yüzyıl gerçekçi yazarlarının başarılarını destekler. Fakat Lubbock eleştirel çalışmalarında Henry James’in kurgu türünü yapı ve anlatım tekniği bakımından değerlendiren fikirlerini kullanır ve geliştirir. Dolayısıyla, bu makale, İngiliz modernist edebiyatı yazar-eleştirmenleri arasındaki olası iletişimi inceleyerek, bu çalışmada bahsi geçen yazar-eleştirmenlerin farklı edebi eğilimler göstermesine karşın onları aynı şemsiye altında ele almanın, İngiliz edebiyatının modernist döneminde yaygın olan edebi eleştiri üzerindeki zıt görüşleri ortaya çıkarma konusunda bir çözüm yolu sunabileceğini tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • BALDICK, C. (2005). The Oxford English Literary History, Volume 10. 1910-1940: The Modern Movement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • BENNETT, E. M. (1979). From “James Joyce’s Ulysses”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (207-209). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • BERTENS, H. (2005). Literary Theory: The Basics, London: Routledge.
  • BLAMIRES, H. (1991). A History of Literary Criticism. London: Macmillan.
  • COLLINI, S. (1992). “Introduction: Interpretation terminable and interminable”. In Interpretation and Overinterpretation: Umberto Eco with Richard Rorty, Jonathan Culler, Christine Brooke-Rose. (Ed. S. Collini). (1-21). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • DAICHES, D. (1981). Critical Approaches to Literature. London: Longman.
  • DAY, G. (2008). Literary Criticism: A New History. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • DIBATTISTA, M. (2000). “Virginia Woolf”. In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume 7: Modernism and the New Criticism. (Eds. A. W. Litz, L. Menand, and L. Rainey). (122-137). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • ELIOT, T. S. (1950). The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism. London: Methuen.
  • ELIOT, T. S. (1999). Selected Essays. London: Faber and Faber Limited.
  • FLETCHER, J. and M. Bradbury. (1991). “The Introverted Novel”. In Modernism 1890-1930. (Eds. M. Bradbury and J. McFarlane). (394-415). London: Penguin Books.
  • FORSTER, E. M. (1979). From “Aspects of the Novel”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (193-194). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • GILLIE, C. (1975). Movements in English Literature 1900-1940. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • LAWRENCE, D. H. (1985). “John Galsworthy”. In The Cambridge Edition of the Works of D. H. Lawrence: Study of Thomas Hardy and Other Essays. (Ed. Bruce Steele). (207-220). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • LODGE, D. (1971). The Novelist at the Crossroads and Other Essays on Fiction and Criticism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  • LUBBOCK, P. (2007). The Craft of Fiction. Minneapolis: Filiquarian Publishing.
  • MACSINIUC, C. (2002). Towards a Poetics of Reading: Poststructuralist Perspectives. Iaşi: Institutul European.
  • MENAND, L. (2000). “T. S. Eliot”. In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume 7: Modernism and the New Criticism. (Eds. A. W. Litz, L. Menand, and L. Rainey). (17-56). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • MILNER, A. (2005). Literature, Culture and Society. London: Routledge.
  • NORRIS, C. (2001). “Literary theory, science and philosophy of science”. In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume 9: Twentieth Century Historical, Philosophical and Psychological Perspectives. (Eds. C. Knellwolf and C. Norris). (401-417). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • O’GORMAN, F. (Ed.). (2002). The Victorian Novel. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  • ONEGA, S. and J. A. G. Landa. (1996). “Introduction”. In Narratology: An Introduction. (Eds. S. Onega and J. A. G. Landa). (1-41). London: Longman.
  • SANDERS, A. (1994). The Short Oxford History of English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • WELLS, H. G. (1979). “The Contemporary Novel”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (158-173). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • WOOLF, V. (1979). “Modern Fiction”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (195-202). Moscow: Progress Publishers.

CRITICISM AS MANIFESTO VERSUS CRITICISM AS SCIENCE: A NEW “BATTLE OF THE BOOKS” IN BRITISH MODERNIST LITERATURE

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 53 Sayı: 2, 85 - 104, 01.01.2013

Öz

Percy Lubbock, Virginia Woolf, T. S. Eliot are among those critical voices whose works are valuable and still constitute a viable presence in contemporary literary theory and criticism. Some of these critics are writer-critics; others are academic or professional critics. As authors of imaginative writing, some of them follow tradition and remain realists; others defy it and become modernists. Likewise, as literary critics, some of them continue the traditional subjective and combative critical argument; others attempt to be innovative in criticism and develop a more objective, scientific and methodological approach. The aim of the study is to disclose these critical perspectives in the first half of the twentieth century by focusing on Virginia Woolf’s Modern Fiction and Percy Lubbock’s The Craft of Fiction. The writer-critic Woolf condemns her contemporary realists, and praises the experimental fiction of which she is a major exponent, but as a critic she remains in the traditional way subjective, defensive and prescriptive. On the contrary, the critic Lubbock praises the achievement of the nineteenth century realists who made the novel an aesthetically coherent genre, whereas his critical work extends the systemic Jamesian attempt to discuss fiction scientifically in matters of its form and narrative techniques. Thus, this article aims to seek a possible dialogue between the writer-critics of the British modernist literature, and argue that although the writercritics explored in this work show discrepant literary attitudes, examining these writer-critics under the same umbrella might offer one way to unveil and enunciate the conflicting views on literary criticism prevalent in the modernist period in British literature.

Kaynakça

  • BALDICK, C. (2005). The Oxford English Literary History, Volume 10. 1910-1940: The Modern Movement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • BENNETT, E. M. (1979). From “James Joyce’s Ulysses”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (207-209). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • BERTENS, H. (2005). Literary Theory: The Basics, London: Routledge.
  • BLAMIRES, H. (1991). A History of Literary Criticism. London: Macmillan.
  • COLLINI, S. (1992). “Introduction: Interpretation terminable and interminable”. In Interpretation and Overinterpretation: Umberto Eco with Richard Rorty, Jonathan Culler, Christine Brooke-Rose. (Ed. S. Collini). (1-21). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • DAICHES, D. (1981). Critical Approaches to Literature. London: Longman.
  • DAY, G. (2008). Literary Criticism: A New History. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • DIBATTISTA, M. (2000). “Virginia Woolf”. In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume 7: Modernism and the New Criticism. (Eds. A. W. Litz, L. Menand, and L. Rainey). (122-137). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • ELIOT, T. S. (1950). The Sacred Wood: Essays on Poetry and Criticism. London: Methuen.
  • ELIOT, T. S. (1999). Selected Essays. London: Faber and Faber Limited.
  • FLETCHER, J. and M. Bradbury. (1991). “The Introverted Novel”. In Modernism 1890-1930. (Eds. M. Bradbury and J. McFarlane). (394-415). London: Penguin Books.
  • FORSTER, E. M. (1979). From “Aspects of the Novel”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (193-194). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • GILLIE, C. (1975). Movements in English Literature 1900-1940. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • LAWRENCE, D. H. (1985). “John Galsworthy”. In The Cambridge Edition of the Works of D. H. Lawrence: Study of Thomas Hardy and Other Essays. (Ed. Bruce Steele). (207-220). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • LODGE, D. (1971). The Novelist at the Crossroads and Other Essays on Fiction and Criticism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  • LUBBOCK, P. (2007). The Craft of Fiction. Minneapolis: Filiquarian Publishing.
  • MACSINIUC, C. (2002). Towards a Poetics of Reading: Poststructuralist Perspectives. Iaşi: Institutul European.
  • MENAND, L. (2000). “T. S. Eliot”. In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume 7: Modernism and the New Criticism. (Eds. A. W. Litz, L. Menand, and L. Rainey). (17-56). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • MILNER, A. (2005). Literature, Culture and Society. London: Routledge.
  • NORRIS, C. (2001). “Literary theory, science and philosophy of science”. In The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, Volume 9: Twentieth Century Historical, Philosophical and Psychological Perspectives. (Eds. C. Knellwolf and C. Norris). (401-417). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • O’GORMAN, F. (Ed.). (2002). The Victorian Novel. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  • ONEGA, S. and J. A. G. Landa. (1996). “Introduction”. In Narratology: An Introduction. (Eds. S. Onega and J. A. G. Landa). (1-41). London: Longman.
  • SANDERS, A. (1994). The Short Oxford History of English Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • WELLS, H. G. (1979). “The Contemporary Novel”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (158-173). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
  • WOOLF, V. (1979). “Modern Fiction”. In The Idea of Literature: The Foundations of English Criticism. (Ed. D. M. Urnov). (195-202). Moscow: Progress Publishers.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Petru Golban Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 53 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Golban, P. (2013). CRITICISM AS MANIFESTO VERSUS CRITICISM AS SCIENCE: A NEW “BATTLE OF THE BOOKS” IN BRITISH MODERNIST LITERATURE. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 53(2), 85-104.

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi - dtcfdergisi@ankara.edu.tr

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