BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

‘BOÞE LIM AND LIÞ IT IS FORLORN’: UNNATURAL CHILDREN IN THE KING OF TARS, CHEVALERE ASSIGNE, AND SIR GOWTHER

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 55 Sayı: 2, 287 - 300, 01.01.2015

Öz

Birçok Ortaçağ İngiliz romansı aileleri ilgilendiren konuları ele alırken çocuk kahramanları ön plana çıkarmaya çalışır ve çocuk dinleyicilerinin kişilik gelişimine katkıda bulunması için çocuk kahramanları model olarak gösterir. Bu nedenle, çocuk kahramanların eğitim süreçleri detaylıca anlatılır ve okuma, yazma ve müzik eğitimlerinin önemi bu romanslarda vurgulanır. Romanslarda anlatılan çocuk kahramanlar var olan toplumsal düzeni yansıttıkları gibi metinde geçen maceralar ve düzensizlikleri düzene sokmak ve düzenle oluşan toplumsal değerleri kabul ettirmek için çaba sarfederler. Böylece, romanstaki çocuk kahramanın varlığı romansı romans yapan tanımlayıcı bir değere dönüşür. Ancak The King of Tars, Chevalere Assigne, and Sir Gowther gibi bazı Ortaçağ İngiliz Romansları çocuk dinleyicilerine çocuk kahramanların düzenli eğitim kaygılarını veya Ortaçağ toplumunun değer yargılarını göstermek yerine çocuk kahramanların fiziksel kusurlarına hatta onların canavırımsı görünümlerine dikkat çekiyor gibi görünmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı genel olarak tüm Ortaçağ İngiliz romanslarında tasvir edilen, toplumsal değer yargılarına göre yetiştirilen ve toplumda statüsü olan çocuk kahramanlara rağmen bazı romanslarda çocuk kahramanların genel geçer kabul gören toplumsal değerlerin dışında nasıl farklılık gösterilebildiklerini ve çocuk dinleyicilere nasıl model olamadıklarını irdelemektir.

Kaynakça

  • Beauvais, Vincent of. (1964). Speculum Quadruplex sive Speculum Maius: Naturale / Doctrinate / Morale / Historiale. Graz: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt.
  • Blamires, Alcuin. (2004). ‘The Twin Demons of Aristocratic Society in Sir Gowther’ in Pulp Fictions of Medieval England. Ed. Nicola MacDonald.
  • Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp. 45-62.
  • Cartlidge, Neil. (2005). “Thereof seyus clerkus”: Slander, Rape and Sir Gowther’, in Cultural Encounters in the Romance of Medieval England. Ed. Corinne J.
  • Saunders. Cambridge: D.S.Brewer, pp. 135-47.
  • Charbonneau, Joanne A. (2002). ‘From Devil to Saint: Transformations in Sir Gowther’, in The Matter of Identity in Medieval Romance. Ed. Philippa Hardman. Cambridge: D.S.Brewer, 2002, pp. 21-8.
  • Cohen, J. J. (1997). ‘Gowther Among the Dogs: Becoming Inhuman C.1400’, in Becoming Male in the Middle Ages. Eds. Jeffrey Jerome Cohen and Bonnie Wheeler. New York: Garland, pp. 219-44.
  • Davenport, Tony. (2002) .‘Abbreviation and the Education of the Hero in Chevalere Assigne’, in The Matter of Identity in Medieval Romance. Ed. Philippa Hardman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 9-20.
  • Evans, Murray J. (1995). Rereading Middle English Romance: Manuscript Layout, Decoration and Rhetoric of Composite Structure. London: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Gibbs, Henry H. (1868). The Romance of the Chevalere Assigne. London: Oxford University Press.
  • Gilbert, Jane. (2000). ‘ Unnatural Mothers and Monstrous Chidlren in the King of Tars and Sir Gowther’ in Medieval Women- Texts and Contexts in Late Medieval Britain: Essays for Felicity Riddy. Eds. Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, et al. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 329-44.
  • _____. (2004). ‘Putting the Pulp into Fiction: The Lump-child and its Parents in The King of Tars’, in Pulp Fictions of Medieval England. Ed. Nicola MacDonald. Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp. 102-23.
  • Heffernan, Carol Falvo. (1976). Le Bone Florence of Rome. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Hopkins, Andrea. (1990). The Sinful Knights: A Study of Middle English Penitential Romance. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Kooper, Erik. (2006). Sir Degrevant in Sentimental and Humorous Romances. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications.
  • Laskaya, Anna and Eve Salisbury. (1995). Sir Gowther in The Middle English Breton Lays. Kalamazoo, Medieval Institute Publications.
  • Montano, Jesus. (2002). ‘Sir Gowther: Imagining Race in Late Medieval England’, in Meeting the Foreign in the Middle Ages. Ed. Albrecht Classen. New York and London: Routledge, pp. 118-32.
  • Perryman, Judith Chabot. (1932). The King of Tars: A Critical Edition. Heidelberg: Winter.
  • Robson, Margaret. (1992). ‘Animal Magic: Moral Regeneration in Sir Gowther’, The Yearbook of English Studies 22, pp. 140-53.
  • Sands, Donald. (2006). Havelock the Dane in Six Middle English Romances. Exeter: Exeter University Press.
  • Speed, Diane. ‘The Pattern of Providence in Chevelere Assigne’in Romance Reading on the Book: Essays on Medieval Narrative Presented to Maldwyn Mills. Eds. Jennifer Fellows, Rosalind Field, Gillian Rogers, and Judith Weiss.
  • Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1996, pp. 143-54.
  • Taylor, A.B. (1969). An Introduction to Medieval Romance. New York: Barnes and Noble.
  • Williams, David. (1996). Deformed Discourse: The Function of the Monster in Medieval Thought and Literature. Exeter: Exeter University Press.

‘Ne kolu var ne bacağı’: The King of Tars, Chevalere Assigne ve Sir Gowther Romanslarındaki Tuhaf Çocuklar

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 55 Sayı: 2, 287 - 300, 01.01.2015

Öz

Most Middle English romances are concerned with families and a large number have child or adolescent protagonists. Thus, the narrative of self making of the child or adolescent protagonist in these romances provides a kind of role model for the young audience. That they appeal to a young audience may be represented through the process of child education in Middle English Romances where the curriculum of reading, writing and music is distinctly specified. Children both symbolise a reassertion of order and they represent the continuation of families. So marked is the presence of children in Middle English Romances that it might even be thought of as a defining feature. However, there are few romances such as The King of Tars, Chevalere Assigne, and Sir Gowther which instead of representing children or their education, or accepted values of the Medieval society, focus on children’s physical imperfections. While the monstrosity of the children in The King of Tars, Chevalere Assigne, and Sir Gowther seems to reinforce Christian doctrine of salvation through baptism, such a solution still seems to raise questions about medieval values and beliefs. The King of Tars, Chevalere Assigne, and Sir Gowther appear to answer raised questions, but they seem to conclude without satisfactory solutions, resulting in a deliberately destabilising effect, which is ideological in itself. Therefore, the aim of this article is to explore why children are represented as unnatural and imperfect human forms and how such representations undermine Christian doctrine of salvation through baptism in these romances.

Kaynakça

  • Beauvais, Vincent of. (1964). Speculum Quadruplex sive Speculum Maius: Naturale / Doctrinate / Morale / Historiale. Graz: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt.
  • Blamires, Alcuin. (2004). ‘The Twin Demons of Aristocratic Society in Sir Gowther’ in Pulp Fictions of Medieval England. Ed. Nicola MacDonald.
  • Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp. 45-62.
  • Cartlidge, Neil. (2005). “Thereof seyus clerkus”: Slander, Rape and Sir Gowther’, in Cultural Encounters in the Romance of Medieval England. Ed. Corinne J.
  • Saunders. Cambridge: D.S.Brewer, pp. 135-47.
  • Charbonneau, Joanne A. (2002). ‘From Devil to Saint: Transformations in Sir Gowther’, in The Matter of Identity in Medieval Romance. Ed. Philippa Hardman. Cambridge: D.S.Brewer, 2002, pp. 21-8.
  • Cohen, J. J. (1997). ‘Gowther Among the Dogs: Becoming Inhuman C.1400’, in Becoming Male in the Middle Ages. Eds. Jeffrey Jerome Cohen and Bonnie Wheeler. New York: Garland, pp. 219-44.
  • Davenport, Tony. (2002) .‘Abbreviation and the Education of the Hero in Chevalere Assigne’, in The Matter of Identity in Medieval Romance. Ed. Philippa Hardman. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 9-20.
  • Evans, Murray J. (1995). Rereading Middle English Romance: Manuscript Layout, Decoration and Rhetoric of Composite Structure. London: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
  • Gibbs, Henry H. (1868). The Romance of the Chevalere Assigne. London: Oxford University Press.
  • Gilbert, Jane. (2000). ‘ Unnatural Mothers and Monstrous Chidlren in the King of Tars and Sir Gowther’ in Medieval Women- Texts and Contexts in Late Medieval Britain: Essays for Felicity Riddy. Eds. Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, et al. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 329-44.
  • _____. (2004). ‘Putting the Pulp into Fiction: The Lump-child and its Parents in The King of Tars’, in Pulp Fictions of Medieval England. Ed. Nicola MacDonald. Manchester: Manchester University Press, pp. 102-23.
  • Heffernan, Carol Falvo. (1976). Le Bone Florence of Rome. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Hopkins, Andrea. (1990). The Sinful Knights: A Study of Middle English Penitential Romance. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Kooper, Erik. (2006). Sir Degrevant in Sentimental and Humorous Romances. Kalamazoo: Medieval Institute Publications.
  • Laskaya, Anna and Eve Salisbury. (1995). Sir Gowther in The Middle English Breton Lays. Kalamazoo, Medieval Institute Publications.
  • Montano, Jesus. (2002). ‘Sir Gowther: Imagining Race in Late Medieval England’, in Meeting the Foreign in the Middle Ages. Ed. Albrecht Classen. New York and London: Routledge, pp. 118-32.
  • Perryman, Judith Chabot. (1932). The King of Tars: A Critical Edition. Heidelberg: Winter.
  • Robson, Margaret. (1992). ‘Animal Magic: Moral Regeneration in Sir Gowther’, The Yearbook of English Studies 22, pp. 140-53.
  • Sands, Donald. (2006). Havelock the Dane in Six Middle English Romances. Exeter: Exeter University Press.
  • Speed, Diane. ‘The Pattern of Providence in Chevelere Assigne’in Romance Reading on the Book: Essays on Medieval Narrative Presented to Maldwyn Mills. Eds. Jennifer Fellows, Rosalind Field, Gillian Rogers, and Judith Weiss.
  • Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1996, pp. 143-54.
  • Taylor, A.B. (1969). An Introduction to Medieval Romance. New York: Barnes and Noble.
  • Williams, David. (1996). Deformed Discourse: The Function of the Monster in Medieval Thought and Literature. Exeter: Exeter University Press.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hülya Taflı Düzgün Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 55 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Düzgün, H. T. (2015). ‘Ne kolu var ne bacağı’: The King of Tars, Chevalere Assigne ve Sir Gowther Romanslarındaki Tuhaf Çocuklar. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi, 55(2), 287-300.

Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi

Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.   22455