OLE SOYINKA'NIN “THE STRONG BREED” ESERİNDE KÜLTÜREL SINIRLAR BAĞLAMINDA KURBAN VERME RİTÜELİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 60 Sayı: 2, 717 - 732, 01.01.2020

Mehmet Akif Balkaya

Öz

Fiziksel coğrafi sınırların dışında, bir kültürün bireyi gelenek ve kültürel uygulamalarla şekillenmiş olan toplumdaki kültürel sınırlamalarla karşılaşır. Bu uygulamalar arasında bulunan kurban verme, insanlığın var oluşu ve tarih kadar eskidir. Kurban verme yoluyla, toplumun canlanması ve arınması hedeflenir. Bu türden bir arınma töreni Soyinka'nın oyununda temsil ettiği Yoruba insanlarının gelenekleri arasında da mevcuttur. Kurban ritüeli ile ilişkili olarak rolünü algılayan Eman' in etrafında oyundaki dramatik eylem gelişir. Bu makale, ilk olarak, Yoruba kültürü içinde bireyin özgürlüğünü sınırlayan kültürel kısıtlamaları inceler, ikinci olaraksa, kültürel aynileştirme ve kişisel bütünleşmişlik durumlarını The Strong Breed 1963 adlı oyun özelinde analiz etmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu bağlamda, The Strong Breed oyununun temsil ettiği sonuç şudur: kültürel sınırların gücü altında hür irade ve kader şekillenebilir ve de kurban sunumu bireyin kimlik ve aidiyetini şekillendirebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wole Soyinka, The Strong Breed, Ritüel, Şiddet, Kültürel Sınırlamalar

THE RITUAL OF SACRIFICE WITHIN THE CULTURAL BOUNDARIES IN WOLE SOYINKA'S “THE STRONG BREED”

Öz

Apart from actual geographic boundaries, a member of a culture faces the cultural boundaries of his/her society that is shaped by traditions and cultural practices. Among these practices is sacrifice which is as old as the existence of the human being and history itself. Through sacrifice, societies look for rejuvenation and purgation of the community. Such a purification rite is among the traditions of Yoruba people that Soyinka represents. The dramatic action revolves around Eman, who understands his role in relation to the ritual of sacrifice. This paper, first, aims to study cultural boundaries that limit one's liberty within Yoruba people, and second, to examine cultural identification and personal integrity as represented in The Strong Breed 1963 . To this end, it is concluded that The Strong Breed represents that free will and destiny may be under the force of cultural boundaries, and that sacrifice leads to shape one's identity and belonging.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wole Soyinka, The Strong Breed, Ritual, Violence, Cultural Boundaries

Kaynakça

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