Metalik Biyo-Uyumlu Stentlerin Gelişim Süreci

Abstract

Stent, çeşitli nedenlerle engellenen damarlar için yapay bir koridor açmak, bu bölgede destek yapısı oluşturarak tıkanıklığı gidermek amacıyla kullanılan elemanlara verilen isimdir. Polimerik ve metalik içerikli biyo-uyumlu malzemelerin geliştirilmesi ve yaygınlaşması, stent uygulamalarındaki başarının artmasına neden olmaktadır. Günümüzde nitinolden imal edilen metal stentler yaygın olarak kullanılmakla birlikte, biyo-bozunur metal stentler konusunda araştırmalar devam etmektedir. Bilindiği üzere stentin görevi, implantasyondan sonraki 6-12 aylık evreden sonra tamamlanmakta ve bu süreden sonra herhangibir işlevi kalmamaktadır. Ancak kalıcı stentler bu süre tamamlandıktan sonra da vücut içerisinde kalmakta ve zaman zaman komplikasyonlara neden olmaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik aday malzemelerin, stent üretiminde kabul görmüş 316L paslanmaz çeliklerin mekanik özelliklerine sahip olması, biyo-bozunur olması ve kendisinin ve bozunan ürünlerin toksik etkiye sahip olmaması beklenmektedir. Bu makale, son 15 yılda biyo-bozunur stentler için metalik içeriğe sahip materyallerin tasarımında ve değerlendirilmesinde yapılan en son yenilikleri gözden geçirmektedir.

Keywords

• Stent
• Biyo-Bozunur
• Mekanik Özellik
• Tasarım

Developmental Process of Metallic Bio-Compatible Stents

Abstract

Stenting is the employ of a device to form an artificial corridor, support structure or opening for hollow organs that are blocked because of benign disruptive diseases. The development of biodegradable stents, which can execute the function and leave, is the normal application. Current progress in biodegradable metal and polymer materials nowadays also permit for the design of entirely biodegradable stages, which are intended for scaffolding the vein merely provisionally to stop recoil and tapered remodeling of the vein through the early time needed. Degradable metallic materials could potentially substitute corrosion-resistant metals presently utilized for stent function as it has been exposed that the task of stenting is momentary and restricted to a phase of 6–12 months following implantation through which arterial remodeling and curing happen. The nominee materials for such purpose should have mechanical properties preferably near to those of 316L stainless steel for stent function to supply mechanical maintain to contaminated arteries. Non-toxicity of the metal itself and its degradation products is a further obligation as the material is engrossed by blood and cells. This article reviews the latest improvements in the design and assessment of polymeric and metallic materials for biodegradable stents for the last 15 years. It also initiates the novel techniques as well as the conventional ones which could be applied for the fabrication of metallic biodegradable stents and their effect on the properties of the manufactured metals. 

Keywords

• Stents
• Bio-Degredable
• Mechanical Properties
• Design

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