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Kentsel Gelişimin Arazi Kullanımları Üzerine Etkisi- Mersin Örneği

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 5, 1793 - 1801, 31.10.2021

Öz

Kentleşme süreçleri tüm dünyada hızlı bir şekilde ilerlemekte ve özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerin planlama süreçlerini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Artan nüfusun talebi sonucunda ortaya çıkan hızlı kentleşme, kontrollü büyümeyi engellemekte ve alan kullanım kararlarının yeteri kadar analiz edilmeden alınmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu alanlarda kontrolsüz büyümenin bir sonucu olarak, doğal kaynaklar üzerinde geri dönüşü olmayan tahribatlar meydana gelmektedir. İnsanların sağlıklı ve kendilerine yeten bir yaşam ortamında hayatlarına devam edebilmeleri için verimli topraklarının ve sahip oldukları tüm doğal kaynakların sürdürülebilir kullanımının sağlanması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı gelişmekte olan kentlerden Mersin örneğinde 10 yıllık süreçlerde kentsel dokunun doğal çevre üzerindeki dağılımı ve değişen alan kullanımlarının tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaçla arazi kullanımları, yerleşim, tarım arazileri, ormanlık alanlar ve kullanılmayan alanlar olmak üzere 4 ana başlık altında toplanmıştır. 1998-2018 yılları arasındaki 20 yıllık süreçte, yaklaşık 35.000 hektar olan çalışma alanında, kentsel alan miktarının iki katına çıktığı, toplam ormanlık alanın ise 2/3 oranında azaldığı tespit edilmiştir Sonuç olarak kentsel gelişimin ciddi oranda tarım ve ormanlık alan kaybına yol açtığı belirlenmiş ve böylece kentsel sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması için kentsel plan kararlarının alınmasında doğal alanların korunmasının gözetilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • [1] P. M. Vitousek, H. A. Mooney, J. Lubchenco and J. M. Melillo, “Human domination of Earth's ecosystems,” Science, vol. 277, no. 5325, pp. 494-499, 1997.
  • [2] E. C. Ellis and N. Ramankutty, “Putting people in the map: anthropogenic biomes of the world,” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 439-447, 2008.
  • [3] H. Tian, K. Banger, T. Bo and V. K. Dadhwal, “History of land use in India during 1880-2010: Large-scale land transformations reconstructed from satellite data and historical archives,” Global and Planetary Change, vol. 121, pp. 78-88, 2014.
  • [4] C. F. Corvalan, S. Hales, T. McMichael, “Why do ecosystems matter to human health?” in Ecosystems and Human Well-Being-Health Synthesis, World Health Organization, France: WHO Library, 2005, pp. 12-26.
  • [5] P. B. Cobbinah and C. Amoako, “Urban sprawl and the loss of peri-urban land in Kumasi, Ghana,” International Journal of Social and Human Sciences, vol. 6, pp. 388-397, 2012.
  • [6] P. K. Dabie, “Assessing the impact of urban sprawl on agricultural land use and food security in Shai Osudoku district,” M.S. thesis, Coll. of Humanities, Sch. of Social Sciences, Dept. of Geography and Resources Development, Univ. of Ghana, Accra, Ghana, 2015.
  • [7] N. E. McIntyre, K. Knowles-Yanez, D. Hope, “Urban ecology as an interdisciplinary field: differences in the use of ‘urban’ between the social and natural sciences” in Urban Ecology, J. M. Marzluff et. al., Eds. Boston, USA: Springer, 2008, pp. 49-65.
  • [8] C. A. Bradley and S. Altizer, “Urbanization and the ecology of wildlife diseases,” Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 95-102, 2007.
  • [9] D. B. Resnik, “Urban sprawl, smart growth, and deliberative democracy,” American Journal of Public Health, vol. 100, no. 10, pp. 1852-1856, 2010.
  • [10] W. M. Tarawneh, “Urban sprawl on agricultural land (literature survey of causes, effects, relationship with land use planning and environment) a case study from Jordan (Shihan Municipality Areas),” Journal of Environment and Earth Science, vol. 4, no. 20, pp. 97-124, 2014.
  • [11] United Nations, “Urban and rural population growth and world urbanization prospects” in World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2019, pp. 9-32.
  • [12] J. Chadchan, R. Shankar, “An analysis of urban growth trends in the post-economic reforms period in India,” International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 36-49, 2012.
  • [13] P. Gong, S. Liang, E. J. Carlton, Q. Jiang, J. Wu, L. Wang, J. V. Remais, “Urbanization and health in China,” The Lancet, vol. 379, no. 9818, pp. 843-852, 2012.
  • [14] P. A. Bhat, M. Shafiq, A. A. Mir, P. Ahmed, “Urban sprawl and its impact on land-use/land cover dynamics of Dehradun City, India,” International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, vol. 6, pp. 513-521, 2017.
  • [15] Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. (2019, Jun 24). Mersin [Online]. Available: https://mersin.ktb.gov.tr/TR-73136/mersin.html
  • [16] Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). (2019, Oct. 18). Mersin provincial population [Online]. Available: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2018-30709.
  • [17] T. Ünlü, “Urban planning experience and formation of urban space in Mersin,” Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 425-436, 2007.

The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 5, 1793 - 1801, 31.10.2021

Öz

Urbanization processes are progressing rapidly all over the world and especially affect the planning processes of developing countries negatively. Rapid urbanization resulting from the demand of the increasing population prevents controlled growth and causes land use decisions to be taken without adequate analysis. In order to continue people’s lives in a healthy and self-sufficient living environment, it is necessary to ensure the sustainable use of fertile soil and all natural resources. As a result of uncontrolled growth in these areas, irreversible damage occurs to natural resources. The aim of this study is to determine the distribution of the urban texture on the natural environment and the changing area uses in the 10-year period in Mersin, one of the developing cities. For this purpose, land uses are grouped under 4 main headings as settlement, agricultural lands, forest areas and unused areas.In the 20-year period between 1998 and 2018, it was determined that the amount of urban area doubled and the total forest area decreased by 2/3 in the study area, which was approximately 35,000 hectares. As a result, it was determined that urban development caused a serious loss of agriculture and forest areas, and thus, it was emphasized that the protection of natural areas should be considered in making urban plan decisions in order to ensure urban sustainability.

Kaynakça

  • [1] P. M. Vitousek, H. A. Mooney, J. Lubchenco and J. M. Melillo, “Human domination of Earth's ecosystems,” Science, vol. 277, no. 5325, pp. 494-499, 1997.
  • [2] E. C. Ellis and N. Ramankutty, “Putting people in the map: anthropogenic biomes of the world,” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 439-447, 2008.
  • [3] H. Tian, K. Banger, T. Bo and V. K. Dadhwal, “History of land use in India during 1880-2010: Large-scale land transformations reconstructed from satellite data and historical archives,” Global and Planetary Change, vol. 121, pp. 78-88, 2014.
  • [4] C. F. Corvalan, S. Hales, T. McMichael, “Why do ecosystems matter to human health?” in Ecosystems and Human Well-Being-Health Synthesis, World Health Organization, France: WHO Library, 2005, pp. 12-26.
  • [5] P. B. Cobbinah and C. Amoako, “Urban sprawl and the loss of peri-urban land in Kumasi, Ghana,” International Journal of Social and Human Sciences, vol. 6, pp. 388-397, 2012.
  • [6] P. K. Dabie, “Assessing the impact of urban sprawl on agricultural land use and food security in Shai Osudoku district,” M.S. thesis, Coll. of Humanities, Sch. of Social Sciences, Dept. of Geography and Resources Development, Univ. of Ghana, Accra, Ghana, 2015.
  • [7] N. E. McIntyre, K. Knowles-Yanez, D. Hope, “Urban ecology as an interdisciplinary field: differences in the use of ‘urban’ between the social and natural sciences” in Urban Ecology, J. M. Marzluff et. al., Eds. Boston, USA: Springer, 2008, pp. 49-65.
  • [8] C. A. Bradley and S. Altizer, “Urbanization and the ecology of wildlife diseases,” Trends in Ecology & Evolution, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 95-102, 2007.
  • [9] D. B. Resnik, “Urban sprawl, smart growth, and deliberative democracy,” American Journal of Public Health, vol. 100, no. 10, pp. 1852-1856, 2010.
  • [10] W. M. Tarawneh, “Urban sprawl on agricultural land (literature survey of causes, effects, relationship with land use planning and environment) a case study from Jordan (Shihan Municipality Areas),” Journal of Environment and Earth Science, vol. 4, no. 20, pp. 97-124, 2014.
  • [11] United Nations, “Urban and rural population growth and world urbanization prospects” in World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, 2019, pp. 9-32.
  • [12] J. Chadchan, R. Shankar, “An analysis of urban growth trends in the post-economic reforms period in India,” International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 36-49, 2012.
  • [13] P. Gong, S. Liang, E. J. Carlton, Q. Jiang, J. Wu, L. Wang, J. V. Remais, “Urbanization and health in China,” The Lancet, vol. 379, no. 9818, pp. 843-852, 2012.
  • [14] P. A. Bhat, M. Shafiq, A. A. Mir, P. Ahmed, “Urban sprawl and its impact on land-use/land cover dynamics of Dehradun City, India,” International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, vol. 6, pp. 513-521, 2017.
  • [15] Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. (2019, Jun 24). Mersin [Online]. Available: https://mersin.ktb.gov.tr/TR-73136/mersin.html
  • [16] Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). (2019, Oct. 18). Mersin provincial population [Online]. Available: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2018-30709.
  • [17] T. Ünlü, “Urban planning experience and formation of urban space in Mersin,” Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 425-436, 2007.
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Asuman Aysu 0000-0002-1225-8362

Sebahat Sinem Özyurt Ökten 0000-0003-4010-2565

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

APA Aysu, A., & Özyurt Ökten, S. S. (2021). The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 9(5), 1793-1801.
AMA Aysu A, Özyurt Ökten SS. The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey. DÜBİTED. Ekim 2021;9(5):1793-1801.
Chicago Aysu, Asuman, ve Sebahat Sinem Özyurt Ökten. “The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 9, sy. 5 (Ekim 2021): 1793-1801.
EndNote Aysu A, Özyurt Ökten SS (01 Ekim 2021) The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 9 5 1793–1801.
IEEE A. Aysu ve S. S. Özyurt Ökten, “The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey”, DÜBİTED, c. 9, sy. 5, ss. 1793–1801, 2021.
ISNAD Aysu, Asuman - Özyurt Ökten, Sebahat Sinem. “The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 9/5 (Ekim 2021), 1793-1801.
JAMA Aysu A, Özyurt Ökten SS. The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey. DÜBİTED. 2021;9:1793–1801.
MLA Aysu, Asuman ve Sebahat Sinem Özyurt Ökten. “The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, c. 9, sy. 5, 2021, ss. 1793-01.
Vancouver Aysu A, Özyurt Ökten SS. The Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Mersin, Turkey. DÜBİTED. 2021;9(5):1793-801.