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Organotipik Beyin Kesitleri Kullanımının Nörobiyolojik Çalışmalardaki Yeri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 95 - 107, 10.06.2021

Öz

Organotipik beyin kesit kültürleri günümüzde nörobiyoloji araştırmalarında rutin bir protokol haline gelmiştir. Beyin kesit kültürü tekniklerindeki ilerleme sayesinde birçok beyin hastalığı patofizyolojisinin in vivo duruma çok yakın bir şekilde doku bağlamında incelenmesi fırsatı doğmuştur. In vivo çalışmalarda anesteziklerin ve kas gevşetici maddelerin uzun süreli kullanımına alternatif olması yanında hücre kültürlerinin ve homojenatlarının aksine yapısal bütünlüğünü sürdürebilmesi gibi avantajlar sunarken bu kültür ortamı bazı dezavantajları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu derleme çalışması boyunca beyin kesit kültürü teknolojisi avantajları ve dezavantajları ile birlikte ele alınarak nörobiyoloji çalışmalarındaki yeri incelenmiştir. Hücresel bütünlüğün korunduğu bu sistemlerin nörodejenerasyon, nörogenez, nörotoksisite gibi birçok alanda in vitro hücre kültürü ve in vivo deney hayvanı çalışmalarına kıyasla çok daha verimli ve kullanışlıdır.

Kaynakça

  • D. D. Clarke and L. Sokoloff, Circulation and energy metabolism of the brain. In: Sigel GJ, Agrano BW, Albers RW, Fisher SK and Uhler MD (eds.), Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven, 1999, pp. 637-669.
  • M. E. Raichle and M. A. Mintun, “Brain work and brain imaging”, Annu Rev Neurosci, no. 29, pp. 449–476, 2006, doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112819.
  • G. N. Elston and J. DeFelipe, “Spine distribution in cortical pyramidal cells: a common organizational principle across species” Prog. Brain Res, no. 136, pp. 109–133, 2002, doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(02)36012-6.
  • G. N. Elston, R. Benavides-Piccione, and J. DeFelipe, “The Pyramidal Cell in Cognition: A Comparative Study in Human and Monkey,” Journal Neurosci, vol. 21, no. 17, pp. RC163–RC163, Sep. 2001, doi: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-17-j0002.2001.
  • T. Branco and M. Häusser, “Synaptic Integration Gradients in Single Cortical Pyramidal Cell Dendrites,” Neuron, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 885–892, Mar. 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.neuron. 2011.02.006.
  • P. Somogyi, G. Tamás, R. Lujan, and E. H. Buhl, “Salient features of synaptic organisation in the cerebral cortex1Published on the World Wide Web on 3 March 1998.1,” Brain Res Rev, vol. 26, no. 2–3, pp. 113–135, May 1998, doi: 10.1016/s0165-0173(97)00061-1.
  • S. M. Crain, B. Crain, and E. R. Peterson, “Development of cross-tolerance to 5-hydroxytryptamine in organotypic cultures of mouse spinal cord-ganglia during chronic exposure to morphine,” Life Sci, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 241–247, Jul. 1982, doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(82)90584-7.
  • B. H. Gähwiler and F. Hefti, “Guidance of acetylcholinesterase-containing fibres by target tissue in co-cultured brain slices,” Neurosci, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 681–689, Nov. 1984.
  • L. Stoppini, P.-A. Buchs, and D. Muller, “A simple method for organotypic cultures of nervous tissue,” J. Neurosci. Methods, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 173–182, Apr. 1991, doi: 10.1016/0165-0270(91)90128-m.
  • P. A. Buchs, L. Stoppini, and D. Muller, “Structural modifications associated with synaptic development in area CA1 of rat hippocampal organotypic cultures,” Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 81–91, Jan. 1993, doi: 10.1016/0165-3806(93)90108-m.
  • K. Ostergaard, J. P. Schou, and J. Zimmer, “Rat ventral mesencephalon grown as organotypic slice cultures and co-cultured with striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum,” Exp. Brain Res, vol. 82, no. 3, Nov. 1990, doi: 10.1007/BF00228796.
  • K. Ostergaard, “Organotypic slice cultures of the rat striatum—I. A histochemical and immunocytochemical study of acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, glutamate decarboxylase and GABA,” Neurosci, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 679–693, Apr. 1993, doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(93)90616-n.
  • B. H. Gähwiler, L. Rietschin, T. Knöpfel, and A. Enz, “Continuous presence of nerve growth factor is required for maintenance of cholinergic septal neurons in organotypic slice cultures,” Neurosci, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 27–31, Jan. 1990, doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90348-8.
  • R. Robertson, J. Baratta, G. Kageyama, D. Ha, and J. Yu, “Specificity of attachment and neurite outgrowth of dissociated basal forebrain cholinergic neurons seeded on to organotypic slice cultures of forebrain,” Neurosci, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 741–752, Jul. 1997, doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00067-5.
  • L. Sundstrom, A. Pringle, B. Morrison, and M. Bradley, “Organotypic cultures as tools for functional screening in the CNS,” Drug Discov, vol. 10, no. 14, pp. 993–1000, Jul. 2005, doi: 10.1016/S1359-6446(05)03502-6.
  • B. Drexler, H. Hentschke, B. Antkowiak, and C. Grasshoff, “Organotypic Cultures as Tools for Testing Neuroactive Drugs – Link Between In-Vitro and In-Vivo Experiments,” Curr. Med. Chem, vol. 17, no. 36, pp. 4538–4550, Dec. 2010, doi: 10.2174/092986710794183042.
  • J. Noraberg, “Organotypic Brain Slice Cultures: An Efficient and Reliable Method for Neurotoxicological Screening and Mechanistic Studies,” ATLA, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 329–337, Oct. 2004, doi: 10.1177/026119290403200403.
  • M.V. Ravi, K. Joseph, J. Wurm, S. Behringer, N. Garrelfs, P. d’Errico, Y. Naseri, P. Franco, M. Meyer-Leuhmann, R. Sankowski, M.J. Shah, I. Mader, D. Delev, M. Follo, J. Beck, O. Schnell, U.G. Hofmann U.G and D.H. Heiland, “Human organotypic brain slice culture: a novel framework for environmental research in neuro-oncology,” Life Sci. Alliance, vol. 2, no. 4, e201900305, 2019, doi: 10.26508/lsa.201900305.
  • C. L. Croft and W. Noble, “Preparation of organotypic brain slice cultures for the study of Alzheimer's disease,” F1000 Res, vol. 7, pp. 592, 2018, doi: 10.12688/f1000research. 14500.2.
  • B. A. Bahr, “Long-term hippocampal slices: A model system for investigating synaptic mechanisms and pathologic processes,” J. Neurosci. Res, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 294–305, Oct. 1995, doi: 10.1002/jnr.490420303.
  • A. Simoni, C. B. Griesinger and F. A. Edwards, “Development of Rat CA1 Neurones in Acute Versus Organotypic Slices: Role of Experience in Synaptic Morphology and Activity,” J. Physiol, vol. 550, no. 1, pp. 135–147, Jul. 2003, doi: 10.1113/jphysiol. 2003.039099.
  • A. İrem Lütfiye, “nAChR α7’nin Sinaptik Plastisite Üzerine Etkilerinin Olfaktör Bulbus Ve Hippokampus Organotipik Kesit Kültürlerinde İncelenmesi,” Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2018.
  • B. Gähwiler, “Organotypic slice cultures: a technique has come of age,” Trends Neurosci, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 471–477, Oct. 1997, doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.039099.
  • J. G. Mielke, T. Comas, J. Woulfe, R. Monette, B. Chakravarthy and G.A.R Mealing, “Cytoskeletal, synaptic, and nuclear protein changes associated with rat interface organotypic hippocampal slice culture development.” Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res, vol. 160, no. 2, pp. 275–86, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.devbrainres.2005.09.009.
  • K. Duff, W. Noble, K. Gaynor, and Y. Matsuoka, “Organotypic Slice Cultures from Transgenic Mice as Disease Model Systems,” J Mol Neurosci, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 317–320, 2002, doi: 10.1385/JMN:19:3:317.
  • J. Noraberg, B. W. Kristensen, and J. Zimmer, “Markers for neuronal degeneration in organotypic slice cultures,” Brain Res. Brain Res. Protoc, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 278–290, Jan. 1999, doi: 10.1016/s1385-299x(98)00050-6.
  • C. L. Croft, H. S. Futch, B. D. Moore, and T. E. Golde, “Organotypic brain slice cultures to model neurodegenerative proteinopathies,” Mol. Neurodegener, vol. 14, no. 1, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1186/s13024-019-0346-0.
  • M. Finley, D. Fairman, D. Liu, P. Li, A. Wood, and S. Cho, “Functional validation of adult hippocampal organotypic cultures as an in vitro model of brain injury,” Brain Research, vol. 1001, no. 1–2, pp. 125–132, Mar. 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2003.12.009.
  • S. Cho, A. Wood, and M. Bowlby, “Brain Slices as Models for Neurodegenerative Disease and Screening Platforms to Identify Novel Therapeutics,” Curr Neuropharmacol, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 19–33, Mar. 2007, doi: 10.2174/157015907780077105.
  • K.H. Adcock, F. Metzger and J.P. Kapfhammer, “Purkinje cell dendritic tree development in the absence of excitatory neurotransmission and of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in organotypic slice cultures,” Neuroscience, May 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience. 2004.04.032.
  • C. Humpel, “Organotypic vibrosections from whole brain adult Alzheimer mice (overexpressing amyloid-precursor-protein with the Swedish-Dutch-Iowa mutations) as a model to study clearance of beta-amyloid plaques,” Front. Aging Neurosci, vol. 7, Apr. 2015, doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00047.
  • Z. Xiang, S. Hrabetova, S. I. Moskowitz, P. Casaccia-Bonnefil, S. R. Young, V. C. Nimmrich, H. Tiedge, S. Einheber, S. Karnup, R. Bianchi, and P. J. Bergold, “Long-term maintenance of mature hippocampal slices in vitro,” J Neurosci Methods, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 145–154, Jun. 2000, doi: 10.1016/s0165-0270(00)00197-7.
  • A. Daria, A. Colombo, G. Llovera, H. Hampel, M. Willem, A. Liesz, C. Haass, and S. Tahirovic, “Young microglia restore amyloid plaque clearance of aged microglia,” The EMBO J, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 583–603, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.15252/embj.201694591.
  • H. D. Müller, K. M. Hanumanthiah, K. Diederich, S. Schwab, W.-R. Schäbitz, and C. Sommer, “Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor But Not Forced Arm Use Improves Long-Term Outcome After Photothrombotic Stroke and Transiently Upregulates Binding Densities of Excitatory Glutamate Receptors in the Rat Brain,” Stroke, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 1012–1021, Mar. 2008, doi: 10.1161/strokeaha.107.495069.
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Use of Organotypic Brain Slices in Neurobiological Studies

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 95 - 107, 10.06.2021

Öz

Organotypic brain slice cultures have now become a routine protocol in neurobiology researches. Thanks to the advancement in brain section culture techniques, the opportunity has emerged to examine the pathophysiology of many brain diseases in a tissue context very close to the in vivo situation. In addition to being an alternative to the long-term use of anesthetics and muscle relaxants in in vivo studies, it offers advantages such as maintaining the structural integrity of cell cultures and homogenates, while this culture environment also brings some disadvantages. Throughout this review study, brain slice culture technology was considered together with its advantages and disadvantages and its place in neurobiology studies was examined. These systems, in which cellular integrity is preserved, are much more efficient and useful in many areas such as neurodegeneration, neurogenesis, neurotoxicity compared to in vitro cell culture and in vivo experimental animal studies.

Kaynakça

  • D. D. Clarke and L. Sokoloff, Circulation and energy metabolism of the brain. In: Sigel GJ, Agrano BW, Albers RW, Fisher SK and Uhler MD (eds.), Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects. Philadelphia, Lippincott-Raven, 1999, pp. 637-669.
  • M. E. Raichle and M. A. Mintun, “Brain work and brain imaging”, Annu Rev Neurosci, no. 29, pp. 449–476, 2006, doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112819.
  • G. N. Elston and J. DeFelipe, “Spine distribution in cortical pyramidal cells: a common organizational principle across species” Prog. Brain Res, no. 136, pp. 109–133, 2002, doi: 10.1016/s0079-6123(02)36012-6.
  • G. N. Elston, R. Benavides-Piccione, and J. DeFelipe, “The Pyramidal Cell in Cognition: A Comparative Study in Human and Monkey,” Journal Neurosci, vol. 21, no. 17, pp. RC163–RC163, Sep. 2001, doi: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-17-j0002.2001.
  • T. Branco and M. Häusser, “Synaptic Integration Gradients in Single Cortical Pyramidal Cell Dendrites,” Neuron, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 885–892, Mar. 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.neuron. 2011.02.006.
  • P. Somogyi, G. Tamás, R. Lujan, and E. H. Buhl, “Salient features of synaptic organisation in the cerebral cortex1Published on the World Wide Web on 3 March 1998.1,” Brain Res Rev, vol. 26, no. 2–3, pp. 113–135, May 1998, doi: 10.1016/s0165-0173(97)00061-1.
  • S. M. Crain, B. Crain, and E. R. Peterson, “Development of cross-tolerance to 5-hydroxytryptamine in organotypic cultures of mouse spinal cord-ganglia during chronic exposure to morphine,” Life Sci, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 241–247, Jul. 1982, doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(82)90584-7.
  • B. H. Gähwiler and F. Hefti, “Guidance of acetylcholinesterase-containing fibres by target tissue in co-cultured brain slices,” Neurosci, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 681–689, Nov. 1984.
  • L. Stoppini, P.-A. Buchs, and D. Muller, “A simple method for organotypic cultures of nervous tissue,” J. Neurosci. Methods, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 173–182, Apr. 1991, doi: 10.1016/0165-0270(91)90128-m.
  • P. A. Buchs, L. Stoppini, and D. Muller, “Structural modifications associated with synaptic development in area CA1 of rat hippocampal organotypic cultures,” Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res, vol. 71, no. 1, pp. 81–91, Jan. 1993, doi: 10.1016/0165-3806(93)90108-m.
  • K. Ostergaard, J. P. Schou, and J. Zimmer, “Rat ventral mesencephalon grown as organotypic slice cultures and co-cultured with striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum,” Exp. Brain Res, vol. 82, no. 3, Nov. 1990, doi: 10.1007/BF00228796.
  • K. Ostergaard, “Organotypic slice cultures of the rat striatum—I. A histochemical and immunocytochemical study of acetylcholinesterase, choline acetyltransferase, glutamate decarboxylase and GABA,” Neurosci, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 679–693, Apr. 1993, doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(93)90616-n.
  • B. H. Gähwiler, L. Rietschin, T. Knöpfel, and A. Enz, “Continuous presence of nerve growth factor is required for maintenance of cholinergic septal neurons in organotypic slice cultures,” Neurosci, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 27–31, Jan. 1990, doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(90)90348-8.
  • R. Robertson, J. Baratta, G. Kageyama, D. Ha, and J. Yu, “Specificity of attachment and neurite outgrowth of dissociated basal forebrain cholinergic neurons seeded on to organotypic slice cultures of forebrain,” Neurosci, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 741–752, Jul. 1997, doi: 10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00067-5.
  • L. Sundstrom, A. Pringle, B. Morrison, and M. Bradley, “Organotypic cultures as tools for functional screening in the CNS,” Drug Discov, vol. 10, no. 14, pp. 993–1000, Jul. 2005, doi: 10.1016/S1359-6446(05)03502-6.
  • B. Drexler, H. Hentschke, B. Antkowiak, and C. Grasshoff, “Organotypic Cultures as Tools for Testing Neuroactive Drugs – Link Between In-Vitro and In-Vivo Experiments,” Curr. Med. Chem, vol. 17, no. 36, pp. 4538–4550, Dec. 2010, doi: 10.2174/092986710794183042.
  • J. Noraberg, “Organotypic Brain Slice Cultures: An Efficient and Reliable Method for Neurotoxicological Screening and Mechanistic Studies,” ATLA, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 329–337, Oct. 2004, doi: 10.1177/026119290403200403.
  • M.V. Ravi, K. Joseph, J. Wurm, S. Behringer, N. Garrelfs, P. d’Errico, Y. Naseri, P. Franco, M. Meyer-Leuhmann, R. Sankowski, M.J. Shah, I. Mader, D. Delev, M. Follo, J. Beck, O. Schnell, U.G. Hofmann U.G and D.H. Heiland, “Human organotypic brain slice culture: a novel framework for environmental research in neuro-oncology,” Life Sci. Alliance, vol. 2, no. 4, e201900305, 2019, doi: 10.26508/lsa.201900305.
  • C. L. Croft and W. Noble, “Preparation of organotypic brain slice cultures for the study of Alzheimer's disease,” F1000 Res, vol. 7, pp. 592, 2018, doi: 10.12688/f1000research. 14500.2.
  • B. A. Bahr, “Long-term hippocampal slices: A model system for investigating synaptic mechanisms and pathologic processes,” J. Neurosci. Res, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 294–305, Oct. 1995, doi: 10.1002/jnr.490420303.
  • A. Simoni, C. B. Griesinger and F. A. Edwards, “Development of Rat CA1 Neurones in Acute Versus Organotypic Slices: Role of Experience in Synaptic Morphology and Activity,” J. Physiol, vol. 550, no. 1, pp. 135–147, Jul. 2003, doi: 10.1113/jphysiol. 2003.039099.
  • A. İrem Lütfiye, “nAChR α7’nin Sinaptik Plastisite Üzerine Etkilerinin Olfaktör Bulbus Ve Hippokampus Organotipik Kesit Kültürlerinde İncelenmesi,” Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2018.
  • B. Gähwiler, “Organotypic slice cultures: a technique has come of age,” Trends Neurosci, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 471–477, Oct. 1997, doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.039099.
  • J. G. Mielke, T. Comas, J. Woulfe, R. Monette, B. Chakravarthy and G.A.R Mealing, “Cytoskeletal, synaptic, and nuclear protein changes associated with rat interface organotypic hippocampal slice culture development.” Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res, vol. 160, no. 2, pp. 275–86, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.devbrainres.2005.09.009.
  • K. Duff, W. Noble, K. Gaynor, and Y. Matsuoka, “Organotypic Slice Cultures from Transgenic Mice as Disease Model Systems,” J Mol Neurosci, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 317–320, 2002, doi: 10.1385/JMN:19:3:317.
  • J. Noraberg, B. W. Kristensen, and J. Zimmer, “Markers for neuronal degeneration in organotypic slice cultures,” Brain Res. Brain Res. Protoc, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 278–290, Jan. 1999, doi: 10.1016/s1385-299x(98)00050-6.
  • C. L. Croft, H. S. Futch, B. D. Moore, and T. E. Golde, “Organotypic brain slice cultures to model neurodegenerative proteinopathies,” Mol. Neurodegener, vol. 14, no. 1, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1186/s13024-019-0346-0.
  • M. Finley, D. Fairman, D. Liu, P. Li, A. Wood, and S. Cho, “Functional validation of adult hippocampal organotypic cultures as an in vitro model of brain injury,” Brain Research, vol. 1001, no. 1–2, pp. 125–132, Mar. 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2003.12.009.
  • S. Cho, A. Wood, and M. Bowlby, “Brain Slices as Models for Neurodegenerative Disease and Screening Platforms to Identify Novel Therapeutics,” Curr Neuropharmacol, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 19–33, Mar. 2007, doi: 10.2174/157015907780077105.
  • K.H. Adcock, F. Metzger and J.P. Kapfhammer, “Purkinje cell dendritic tree development in the absence of excitatory neurotransmission and of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in organotypic slice cultures,” Neuroscience, May 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience. 2004.04.032.
  • C. Humpel, “Organotypic vibrosections from whole brain adult Alzheimer mice (overexpressing amyloid-precursor-protein with the Swedish-Dutch-Iowa mutations) as a model to study clearance of beta-amyloid plaques,” Front. Aging Neurosci, vol. 7, Apr. 2015, doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00047.
  • Z. Xiang, S. Hrabetova, S. I. Moskowitz, P. Casaccia-Bonnefil, S. R. Young, V. C. Nimmrich, H. Tiedge, S. Einheber, S. Karnup, R. Bianchi, and P. J. Bergold, “Long-term maintenance of mature hippocampal slices in vitro,” J Neurosci Methods, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 145–154, Jun. 2000, doi: 10.1016/s0165-0270(00)00197-7.
  • A. Daria, A. Colombo, G. Llovera, H. Hampel, M. Willem, A. Liesz, C. Haass, and S. Tahirovic, “Young microglia restore amyloid plaque clearance of aged microglia,” The EMBO J, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 583–603, Dec. 2016, doi: 10.15252/embj.201694591.
  • H. D. Müller, K. M. Hanumanthiah, K. Diederich, S. Schwab, W.-R. Schäbitz, and C. Sommer, “Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor But Not Forced Arm Use Improves Long-Term Outcome After Photothrombotic Stroke and Transiently Upregulates Binding Densities of Excitatory Glutamate Receptors in the Rat Brain,” Stroke, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 1012–1021, Mar. 2008, doi: 10.1161/strokeaha.107.495069.
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Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Elif Mutlu 0000-0002-2580-4043

Hasan H.s. Abuıyada 0000-0002-5525-779X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Mart 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

IEEE E. Mutlu ve H. H. Abuıyada, “Organotipik Beyin Kesitleri Kullanımının Nörobiyolojik Çalışmalardaki Yeri”, DÜFED, c. 10, sy. 1, ss. 95–107, 2021.


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