STUPIDITY IN TERMS OF ECONOMIC SENSE, ITS COSTS AND COMBATING STUPIDITY

Öz

Although some economic policies focus on the increase in welfare, societies do not consist of a single type of individual. From this point of view disciplines such as behavioral economics softens the concept of rationality compared to the traditional theories and offer various suggestions while taking psychological factors into account. Since it is not possible to examine some individuals in such a way for all the time, different perspectives may be necessary. The concept of stupidity and the approach put forward by Cipolla (2021) based on his observations can be considered as one of those alternatives. He offers different perspectives on both the society itself and individuals in order to avoid possible harm resulting from stupidity. This study presents those implications for the economic system and social welfare by addressing Cipolla's arguments on stupdidity and the losses caused by it for the first time in Turkish literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Behavioral Economics
• Stupidity
• Public Policy
• Optimization
• Rationality

İKTİSADİ BOYUTUYLA APTALLIK, YOL AÇTIĞI MALİYETLER VE APTALLIKLA MÜCADELE

Öz

İktisadi politikaların bir kısmı refah artışını odak noktasına almakta, toplumdaki bireylerin ise tek tip (rasyonel) davranış sergilediğini varsaymaktadır ancak toplumlar tek tipte bireylerden oluşmamaktadır. Bu bakış açısıyla davranışsal iktisat gibi disiplinler, geleneksel teorilerdeki rasyonalite kavramını yumuşatarak çeşitli öneriler sunmakta ve psikolojik faktörleri de dikkate almaktadır. Ne var ki bazı bireylerin bu şekilde irdelenmesi zaman zaman mümkün olmadığı için farklı perspektifler gerekli olabilmektedir. Cipolla (2021) tarafından öne sürülen ve gözlemlere dayalı olan aptallık yaklaşımı da bunlardan biri olarak hem toplumlara hem de olası zararlardan kaçınmak adına bireylere ve yöneticilere farklı bakış açıları sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma Türkçe literatürde Cipolla’nın aptallığa ve öngörülemez zararlara dair savlarını ilk kez ele alarak, ekonomiye ve toplumsal refaha dair çıkarımlar sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Davranışsal İktisat
• Aptallık
• Kamu Politikası
• Optimizasyon
• Rasyonalite
• Behavioral Economics
• Stupidity
• Public Policy
• Optimization
• Rationality

Kaynakça

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