Dynamic Analysis Of Historical Sultan Hamit Masonry Arch Bridges

Öz

There are many historical bridges belonging to various civilizations in our country. Historical bridges also help us understand the sociological, economic and cultural structures of civilizations that lived between the past and the present. Historical bridges have been deformed due to natural events and human factors and some of them have been destroyed. It is extremely important to know the behavior of these bridges against earthquakes, since a large part of our country is located in a region with high earthquake risk. For this reason, the dynamic behavior of structures is examined with numerical and experimental studies, and earthquake analyzes are made using earthquake acceleration records obtained from past earthquakes or artificial earthquakes. In this direction, it is aimed to strengthen the weak aspects of the structures. For this reason, it is necessary to evaluate the behavior of historical masonry bridges that have survived to the present day in order to carry out restoration and protection. In this article, the historical Sultan Hamid I-II and III bridges in the Askale district of Erzurum province are discussed as a numerical application. These bridges were modeled in three dimensions using the SAP2000 finite element program. First of all, static analyzes of the bridges under their own weight were made. Then, the dynamic properties of the bridges were determined by making modal analyzes. After the dynamic properties of the bridges were determined, dynamic analyzes were made in the time period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Macro modelling
• linear dynamic analyses
• masonory stone bridge

Kaynakça

1. [1] P. Riva, F. Perotti, E. Guidoboni & E. Boschi,, “Seismic Analysis of the Asinelli Tower and Earthquakes in Bologna”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 17 (7-8), 525–550, 1998.
2. [2] P. J. Fanning and T. E. Boothby, “Three-Dimensional Modeling and Full-scale Testing of Stone Arch Bridges”, Computers and Structures, 79 (29), 2645–2662, 2001.
3. [3] A. Galasco, S. Lagomarsıno, A. Penna & S. Resemini, “Non-linear seismic analysis of masonry structures”. 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, (843), Canada, 2004.
4. [4] T. Aoki, T. Komiyama, D. Sabia & D. Rivella, “Theoretical And Experimental Dynamic Analysis Of Rakanji Stone Arch Bridge, Honyabakei, Oita, Japan”, 7th International Conference on Motion and Vibration Control, 2004.
5. [5] M. Karaton, H. S. Aksoy, E. Sayın & Y. Calayır, “Nonlinear seismic performance of a 12th century historical masonry bridge under different earthquake levels”, Engineering Failure Analysis, 79: 408-421, 2017.
6. [6] E. Tubaldi, E. Minga, L. Macorini & B. A. Izzuddin, “Mesoscale analysis of multi-span masonry arch bridges”, Engineering Structures, 225 (November 2019), 111137, 2020
7. [7] E. Sayın, M. Karaton, B. Yön ve Y. Calayır, “Tarihi Uzunok Köprüsünün Yapı Zemin Etkileşimi Dikkate Alınarak Doğrusal Olmayan Dinamik Analizi”. Türkiye Deprem Mühendisliği ve Sismoloji Konferansı, Ankara, 2011.
8. [8] G. Castellazzi, S. De Miranda & C. Mazotti, “Finite Element Modelling Tuned on Experimental Testing for the Structural Health Assessment of an Ancient Masonry Arch Bridge”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, doi:10.1155/2012/495019, 2012.

9. [9] K. A. Korkmaz, P. Zabin, A. I. Çarhoğlu,. ve A. Nuhoğlu, “Taş Kemer Köprülerin Deprem Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi Timisvat Köprüsü Örneği”, İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 66-75, 2013.
10. [10] F. Çakır and H. Uysal, “Experimental Modal Analysis of Brick Masonry Arches Strengthened Prepreg Composites”, Journal of Cultural Heritage, doi:10.1016/j.culher.2014.06.003, 2014.
11. [11] İ. Çalık, A. Bayraktar, T. Türker & H. Karadeniz, “Structural Dynamic Identification of a Damaged and Restored Masonry Vault Using Ambient Vibrations”, Measurement, 55, 462-472, 2014.
12. [12] T. Türker, A. Bayraktar, İ. Kocaman ve B. Çoruhlu, “Ölçekli Yığma taş kemer köprü modelinin dinamik davranışının deneysel ve analitik olarak incelenmesi”. 5. Tarihi Eserlerin Güçlendirilmesi Ve Geleceğe Güvenle Devredilmesi Sempozyumu, Erzurum, 2015.
13. [13] S. G: Özkaya, İ. Kazaz ve D. Okuyucu, “Kemerli Yığma Köprünün Sismik Davranışının Sonlu Eleman Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi”, 5. Tarihi Eserlerin Güçlendirilmesi ve Geleceğe Güvenle Devredilmesi Sempozyumu (43-57), Erzurum, 2015.
14. [14] O. Onat ve E. Sayın, “Tarihi Tagar Köprüsünün Doğrusal Olmayan Sismik Analizi”. 5. Tarihi Eserlerin Güçlendirilmesi ve Geleceğe Güvenle Devredilmesi Sempozyumu, Erzurum, (301-312), 2015.
15. [15] H. Güllü, Tarihi Yığma Yapılı Cendere Köprüsünün Deprem Etkisinin İncelenmesi”, Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 245-259, 2017.
16. [16] M. E. Öncü, A. H. Karaşin ve B. Karaşin, “Tarihi Tuzluca köprüsünün yapısal durumunun değerlendirilmesi”. 4. Köprüler ve Viyadükler Sempozyumu, Ankara, Türkiye, 2019.
17. [17] G.B. Sakcalı, A. Gönül, İ. Yüksel, “Seismic behavior of historical masonry bridges: The case study of Irgandı Bridge”. International Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology 2019; 6: 24-32.
18. [18] B. Pulatsu, E. Erdogmus, P.B. Lourenço, “Comparison of in-plane and out-of-plane failure modes of masonry arch bridges using discontinuum analysis”, Eng Struct 178:24-36, 2019.
19. [19] A. Özmen, E. Sayın, “Seismic response of a historical masonry bridge under near and far-fault ground motions”, Period Polytech Civil Eng 65:946–958, 2021, https://doi.org/10. 3311/PPci.17832.
20. [20] E. G. Çubuk, E. Sayın, A. Özmen, “Dynamic Analysis of Historical Masonry Arch Bridges under Different Earthquakes: The Case of Murat Bey Bridge,” Turkish J. Sci. Technol., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 461-473, 2022.
21. [21] K. Akın, E. Sayın, A. Özmen, “Farklı sönüm tipleri altında tarihi yığma köprülerin sismik tepkilerinin değerlendirilmesi”, Fırat Üniversitesi Müh. Bil. Dergisi, 34(1): 45-59, 2022.
22. [22] P. B. Lourenço, “Structural behavıor of civil engineering structures: Highlight in historical and masonry structure”s. Universidade do Minho, Portugal, 2000.
23. [23] L. Pela, A. Aprile & A. Benedetti, “Comparison of seismic assessment procedures for masonry arch bridges,” Construction and Building Materials. 38, 381-394, 2013.
24. [24] P. Zampieri, M. A. Zanini &C. Modena, “Simplified seismic assessment of multi-span masonry arch bridges,” Bull Earthquake Engineering. 13(9), 2629-2646, 2015.
25. [25] A. Y. Kanbur, “Tek açıklıklı tarihi bir köprünün dinamik davranış parametrelerinin deneysel olarak incelenmesi”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erzurum Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Erzurum, 2021.