Dicle Üniversitesi Güneş Enerjisi Santralinin PVsyst ile Simülasyonu ve Performans Parametrelerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Fosil yakıtların çevresel zararlı etkileri nedeniyle yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı, özellikle elektrik üretiminde hızla artmaktadır. 2015 yılının Aralık ayında Paris’te yapılan Birleşmiş Milletler İklim Zirvesinde küresel ısınmanın 2°C’nin altında tutulması için eylem planının uygulanması kabul edilmiştir. Bu eylem planı içerisinde yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Lisansız elektrik üretim yönetmeliğinin yürürlüğe girmesinden sonra Türkiye’de de özellikle güneş enerjisinden fotovoltaik yolla elektrik üreten sistemlerin kurulumu hızla artmaktadır. Bu çerçevede tanıtım, eğitim, üretim ve analiz yapabilmek amacıyla Dicle Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi bünyesinde de bir güneş enerjisi santrali kurulmuştur. Fotovoltaik güneş enerji santrallerinin tasarımında ve analizinde simülasyon programlarının kullanımı oldukça önemlidir. PVsyst simülasyon programı, fotovoltaik sistem simülasyonu için sunduğu araçlar ile detaylı analiz yapabilme olanağıyla bu programlar içerisinde öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Dicle Üniversitesi bünyesinde kurulmuş olan 250 kWp’lik güneş enerji santralinin simülayonu PVsyst V6.39 simülasyon programı ile yapılmış ve IEC 61724 standardında belirtilen performans kriterlerine uygun olarak performansı analiz edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda santralin Aralık 2015 ile Nisan 2016 dönemi arasındaki üretim değerleri simülasyon sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Güneş enerjisi, yenilebilir enerji kaynakları, Simülasyon, IEC 61724, Fotovoltaik

Simulation of Dicle University Solar Power Plant and Evaluation of Performance Parameters

Öz

The world primary energy demand is increasing day by day. Energy supply safety issue is an important agenda in the world as our country. 79% of energy demand in the world is gained from fossil fuels. On the other hand fossil fuels damage environment and results of this damage will be seen only in the future. So clean energy began take place of this energy resources slowly. At the Paris Climate Conference in December 2015, 195 countries adopted first ever universal legally binding global climate deal. The agreement sets out a global action plan to put the world on track to avoid dangerous climate change by limiting global warming to well below 20 C. In order to use achieve this goal use of renewable energy have to be increased because renewable energy resources are crucial key to achieve the goal of meeting energy demand that is growing with advancement in technology. The sun is probably the most important source of renewable energy available today. Solar electricity generation represents a clean alternative to electricity from fossil fuels with no air and water pollution no global warming pollution and no threats public health. After amendments in regulation of unlicensed electricity production in Turkey installation of photovoltaic systems and solar power plants increased rapidly. One of these solar power plants was established in Dicle University Engineering Faculty at November 2015. This solar power plant has 250 kWp installed capacity and its production data has been recorded since December 2015. Simulation programs are significant tools for design and analysis of photovoltaic systems. PVsyst simulation software is a widely used program for PV systems. PVsyst simulation program has some advanced tools for analysis and design. In this study, Dicle University Solar Power Plant is simulated by PVsyst program. Simulation results were analysed according to IEC 61724 standards which defines the photovoltaic solar power plant performance evaluations. From the analysis of simulation results it was seen that, reference yield, and final yield reached its maximum value in August. This situation arises due to highest radiation ratio in August. Although maximum radiation values have been seen in August minimum performance was gained at the same time. This was resulted from the decrease of the panel efficiency due to high temperature. The PVSyst simulated annual energy production of Dicle University Solar Power Plant is 380.6 MWh per year. The comparison of the simulation results with the measured production value of the plant has showed that, there was a diversion between results of the simulation and measured data in December and January. In February, March and April there was a maximum 10% between simulation and measured values divergence. In all periods, measured values were higher than simulation values except January. This may occur because of the fact that, efficiency of the PV panels is maximum in first year of installation. Developers and designers require the tools for evaluating solar power plant’s performance. The annual performance calculated by the PVsyst has been validated against actual operating data from Dicle University Solar Power Plant. These results will be important for design criteria in South-eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Solar energy, renewable energy sources, PVsyst simulation