Elazığ iklim koşullarında sıcak sulu güneş kolektörlerine ilişkin verimlerin araştırılması

Öz

İnsanların yaşam standartlarının artması ve ülkelerin endüstrileşmesi ile birlikte enerji kaynaklarına olan talep artmıştır. Artan bu enerji ihtiyacının karşılanması ve fosil yakıtların zararlarını azaltmak için yeni ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanılması zorunlu olmuştur. Bu nedenle yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımı önem kazanmıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları içerisinde en önemli kaynaklardan biri güneş enerjisidir. Güneş enerjisinden yararlanılan en yaygın ve en ekonomik sistem güneş enerjili sıcak su sistemleridir. Bu çalışmada, Elazığ iklim koşullarında sıcak sulu kolektör sisteminde ısıl verimlerin değişimi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, standart düzlem yüzeyli doğal taşınımlı güneş kolektörlerinde deneyler yapılarak ısıl verimler incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda deneyler sırasında ışınım ve sıcaklık değerleri ölçülmüştür. Temmuz-Kasım 2013 tarihleri arasında yapılan deneyler için belirli günlerdeki verim değerleri grafiklerde verilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda standart düzlem yüzeyli sıcak sulu güneş kolektörlerinde en yüksek verim değerlerinin Temmuz ayı içerisinde elde edildiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Güneş enerjisi, kolektör, verim

To research the efficiency of hot water sun collectors in Elazığ climate conditions

Öz

The demand for the energy resources has increased with the improvement of the life standards of people and industrialization of thecountries. It's a must to use new and renewable energy resources to meet the increasing energy needs and decrease the harms of fossil fuel. For this reason, the use of renewable energy resources has gained importance. Solar power is one of the most important resources among the renewable energy resources. Solar power is a subjectthat has been extensively focused on in the recenty ears due to the superiorities such as being a new and renewable energy resources, having no pollutant to the environment that is a major problem for the humanity, being applied locally, having no complex technology. The most common and economic system that benefits from the solar power is solar-powered hot water systems. The efficiency of the hot water systems with solar power has been affected by the climate conditions such as radiation, temperature and moisture of the region. Experimental studies have been conducted to observe the effect of the Elazığ climate conditions on the hot water system with standard solar power in consideration of these situations and the change of thermal efficiency in the hot water collector system in the Elazığ climate conditions has been examined. The experiment has been conducted in the roof of the Heat Engineering Lab of Department of Mechanical Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering in the Province of Elazığ. The experiments were conducted between July and November in 2013. In this study, insulated standard warehouse has been connected to the sun collectors with plane surface with natural convection. Thermal efficiencies have been examined by conducting experiments in the solar collectors with natural convection with standard plane surface. In parallel with this, radiance and temperature values during the experiments have been measured. It has been observed that temperature of water coming out from the collector changes depending on the solar radiation in the experiments conducted in the solar collector with insulated standard warehouse. Efficiency values for the specific days have been given in the figures for experiments conducted between the July- November 2013. As a result of the study, the highest efficiency value for the solar collectors with natural convection with standard plane surface obtained in within the month of July. According to the results, climate conditions affect the hot water temperatures in the collector and thus the efficiency. Furthermore, system efficiency in the collector system has been changing by depending on the parameters such as solar radiation, environment conditions,collector material and connection types, warehouse heights and so on. It is important for energy gain to conduct system efficiency enhancing studies in consideration of the all parameters in the hot water system with solar power. For that reason, efficiency values for a region may change depending on the meteorological conditions. Therefore, the efficiency values given for the collectors should be mentioned for which conditions there are valid.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Solar power, collector, efficiency