MİKORİZALARIN BİTKİLERDE STRES MEKANİZMASI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 1 - 11, 26.06.2019

Yusuf Çelik , Garip Yarşi , Adem Özarslandan

Öz

Son yıllarda olumsuz etkileri daha çok hissedilen küresel ısınma nedeni ile çevresel ve iklimsel sorunlar yaşanmaktadır. Bitkisel üretim, hem biyotik hem de abiyotik stres faktörleri tarafından etkilenmektedir ve gelecekte özellikle çevresel stres faktörlerinin daha etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir. Küresel ısınmanın gelecekteki en önemli olumsuz etkilerinin başında tuzluluk ve kuraklık stresi gelmektedir. Tuzluluk ve kuraklık stresi altındaki topraklarda yetiştirilen bitkisel üretimde verim ve kalite olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Tarımsal alanlardaki toprak florasının korunması ve sürdürülebilir hale gelmesi için mikorizaların kullanılması tüm dünyada giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Mikorizalar, bitkilerin besin maddesi alınımına olumlu katkı sunarken bunun yanında tuzluluk ve kuraklık, ağır metal toksisitesi ve sıcaklık stresine dayanımı arttırmaktadır. Bununla birlikte büyümeyi teşvik edici maddelerin salgılanmasını uyarmaktadır. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda, mikorizaların biyolojik mücadele ve bitki besleme alanlarında pozitif etkisinin olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak; bitkisel üretimde mikoriza kullanımı hastalık ve zararlılarla mücadelede maliyet azalacak, ürünlerin verim ve kalitesi artacaktır. Ayrıca tarıma dayalı toprak ve çevre kirliliği azaltılmış olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikoriza, bitkisel üretim

Kaynakça

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