Bioactivities of Salvia L. Species

Öz

Salvia L. is an aromatic and medicinal plant that is in the Lamiaceae family and has many uses. Salvia L. genus has around 900 species spread worldwide. In the flora of Turkey to this day determined 97 species of Salvia L. are grown spontaneously in nature and endemic species of 51.In Turkey flora, 97 species of Salvia L. are naturally grown up. and 51 of the species are endemic. Salvia L. has been used in traditional treatment among the people for centuries in order to heal and prevent various diseases. It is said in a string dating from 1200. ‘‘If you have planted Salvia L in the garden, what is the need to die !’’. As can be understood from these lines, Salvia L. has been very important in traditional treatment and has been used for many years. Salvia L., contained in; It has antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-antitumor, inflammatory properties due to many bioactive components such as rosmarinic acid, cineol, carnol, borneol and carnosic acid. In studies conducted in recent years, it has been determined that it is also effective in the treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer's and diabetes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Salvia L.
• traditional medicine
• medicinal aromatic herb
• antioxidant
• antibacterial
• anti-inflammatory
• antitumor.

Salvia L. Türlerinin Biyoaktiviteleri

Öz

Adaçayı (Salvia L.), Lamiaceae familyası içerisinde yer alan ve bir çok kullanım alanı olan aromatik ve tıbbi bir bitkidir. Adaçayı (Salvia L) cinsinin dünya genelinde yayılış gösteren 900 kadar türü bulunmaktadır. Türkiye florasında ise bu güne kadar belirlenen 97 adet adaçayı türü doğada kendiliğinden yetişmektedir ve türlerden 51adeti endemiktir. Adaçayı (Salvia L) çeşitli hastalıkları iyileştirmek ve hastalıklardan korunmak amacıyla yüzyıllardır halk arasında geleneksel tedavide kullanılmıştır. 1200’lü yıllara ait olan bir kaynakta şöyle denilmektedir: “Eğer dikmişsen ada çayını bahçeye, ne gerek var ölmeye!’’. Bu mısralardan da anlaşılacağı üzere Adaçayı (Salvia L.) uzun yıllardan beri geleneksel tedavide son derece önem arz etmekte ve kullanım alanı bulmaktadır. Adaçayı (Salvia L.), içeriğinde bulunan; rozmarinik asit, sineol, karnasol, borneol ve karnosik asit gibi bir çok biyoaktif bileşenden dolayı antioksidan, antibakteriyel, anti- antitümör, inflamatuar gibi özelliklere sahiptir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda Alzheimer ve diyabet gibi hastalıkların tedavisinde de etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Salvia L.
• traditional medicine
• medicinal aromatic herb
• antioxidant
• antibacterial
• anti-inflammatory
• antitumor.

Kaynakça

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78. Sallam, A., Mira, A., Ashour, A., Shimizu, K. (2016). Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors and melanin synthesis inhibitors from Salvia officinalis. Phytomedicine, 23(10), 1005-1011.
79. Santos-Gomes, P.C., Seabra, R.M., Andrade, P.B., Fernandesferreira, M. (2002). Phenolic antioxidant compounds produced by ın vitro shoots of sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Plant Science, 162, 981-987.
80. Sellami I.H., Rahali F. Z. (2013). Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.)., Plants as Affected by Different Drying Methods. Food And Bioprocess Technology, 6, 806-817.
81. Sezik, E., Yeşilada, E., Tabata, M., Honda, G., Takaishi, Y., Fujita, T., Tanaka, T., Takeda, Y. (1997). Traditional Medicine in Turkey VIII Folk Medicine in East Anatolia; Erzurum, Erzincan, Ağrı, Kars, Iğdır, Provinces. Economic Botany, 51,195-211.
82. Sezik E, Yeşilada E, Kırımer N. (1999). Uçucu Yağ Taşıyan Türk Halk İlaçları, Essential Oils, Mat, A. (Eds.). Anadolu Üniversitesi Basımevi, Eskişehir, 98-131.
83. Sönmez U. (1995). Salvia napifolia Jacq. bitkisinden elde edilen yeni diterpenoit bileşiklerinin yapı araştırması’’, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul.
84. Tabata, M., Sezik, E., Honda, G., Yeşilada, E., Fukui, H., Goto, K., Ikeshiro, Y. (1994). Traditional Medicine in Turkey III. Folk Medicine in East Anatolia, Van and Bitlis Provinces. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 32, 3-12.
85. Thomas-Barberan, F.A., Wollenweber, E. (1990). Flavonoid aglycons from the leaf surfaces of some labiatae species. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 173, 109-118.
86. Topçu, G., Tan, N., Ulubelen, A., Sun, D., Watson, W.H. (1995). ‘‘Terpenoids and flavonoids from the aerial parts of Salvia candidissima’’, Phytochemistry, 40, 501-504.
87. Topçu, G., Ulubelen, A., Timothy, C., Tao-Che, C. (1996). Sesterterpenes and other constituents of Salvia yosgadensis. Phytochemistry, 42, 1089-1092.
88. Tohma, H., Köksal, E., Kılıç, Ö., Alan, Y., Yılmaz, M.A., Gülçin, İ., Bursal, E., Alwasel, S.H. (2016). RP-HPLC/MS/MS analysis of the phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Salvia L. species. Antıoxıdants, 5(4), 38, 2016.
89. Tundis, R., Iacopetta, D., Sinicropi, M.S., Bonesi, M., Leporini, M., Passalacqua, N.G., Ceramella, J., Menichini, F., Loizzo, M.R. (2017). Assessment of antioxidant, antitumor and pro-apoptotic effects of Salvia fruticosa Mill. subsp thomasii (Lacaita) Brullo, Guglielmo, Pavone & Terrasi (Lamiaceae). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 106, 155-164
90. Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Moore, D.M., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M. (1972). D.A., (eds) Flora Europaea, 3, Cambridge University Press.
91. Tubon, I., Zannoni, A., Bernardini, C., Salaroli, R., Bertocchi, M., Mandrioli, R., Vinueza, D., Antognoni, F., Forni, M. (2019). In vitro anti-ınflammatory effect of Salvia sagittata ethanolic extract on primary cultures of porcine aortic endothelial. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2019, 1-11.
92. Ulubelen A, Tuzlacı, E. (1990). Flavonoids and triterpenoids from Salvia euphratica and S. longipedicellata. Fitoterapia., 61,185.
93. Ulubelen, A., Sönmez, U., Topcu, G., Johansson, C.B. (1996). An abietane diterpene and two phemolics from Salvia forskahlei. Phytochemistry, 42(1), 145–147.
94. Uto, T., Tung, N.H., Ohta, T., Juengsanguanpornsuk, W., Hung, L.Q., Hai, N.T., Long, D.D., Thuong, P.T., Okubo, S., Hirata, S., Shoyama, Y. (2018). Antiproliferative activity and apoptosis induction by trijuganone C isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Phytotherapy Research, 32, 4.