Can Urolitin-A Alter Latent Clearance Scores and the Number of Diarrheal Daysin Calves?

Abstract

Urolitin-A (Ur-a) is a compound produced by the metabolism of natural polyphenols ellagitannins and ellagic acid by the intestinal microbiota. In this study, the effects of Ur-a on fecal consistency (fC) and latent cleanliness (lC) scores in calves with non-infectious diarrhea were evaluated. A nutraceutical preparation containing Ur-a was administered orally to 57 Holstein calves at a dose of 50 mg/kg. As a result of the study, after Ur-a administration, fC scores decreased from the initial 2-3 range to the 0-1 range. Similarly, lC scores decreased from the initial 1-3 values to the 0-1 levels and this change was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). In addition, it was observed that the calves recovered from diarrhea at different time periods. Considering the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of Ur-a, it would be appropriate to suggest that it can be used as a potential agent in the supportive treatment of non-infectious calf diarrhea.

Keywords

• Calf
• diarrhea
• latent clearance score
• non-infectious
• urolithin-a

Ürolitin-A Buzağılarda Gizli Temizlik Skorlarında ve Diyareik Günlerin Sayısında Değişim Sağlayabillir Mi?

Öz

Ürolitin-A (Ür-a), doğal polifenoller olan elajitanninlerin ve ellagik asitin bağırsak mikrobiyotası tarafından metabolize edilmesiyle üretilen bir bileşiktir. Bu çalışmada, Ür-a’nın non-enfeksiyöz diyareli buzağılarda dışkı kıvamı (dK) ve gizli temizlik (gT) skorları üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirildi. Holştayn ırkı 57 buzağıya oral yolla 50 mg/kg dozunda Ür-a içeren nutrasötik müstahzar uygulandı. Çalışma sonucunda, Ür-a uygulaması sonrası dK skorları başlangıçtaki 2-3 aralığından 0-1 aralığına geriledi. Benzer şekilde, gT skorları başlangıçtaki 1-3 değerlerinden 0-1 seviyelerine düştü ve bu değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p<0.001). Ayrıca, buzağıların farklı zaman dilimlerinde ishalden kurtulduğu gözlemlendi. Ür-a’nın antioksidan, anti-inflamatuvar ve immünmodülatör özellikleri göz önüne alındığında, non-enfeksiyöz buzağı ishallerinin destekleyici tedavisinde potansiyel bir ajan olarak kullanılabileceğini öne sürmek yerinde olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buzağı
• diyare
• gizli temizlik skoru
• non-enfeksiyöz
• ürolitin-a

Kaynakça

1. Anderson KJ, Teuber SS, Gobeille A et al (2001). Walnut polyphenolics inhibit in vitro human plasma and LDL oxidation. J Nutr., 131(11):2837–2842.
2. Gil MI, Tomás-Barberán FA, Hess-Pierce B et al (2000). Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing. J Agric Food Chem., 48(10):4581–4589.
3. D’Amico D, Andreux PA, Valdés P et al (2021). Impact of the natural compound urolithin A on health, disease, and aging. Trends Mol Med., 27(7):687–699.
4. Zhao H, Song G, Zhu H et al (2023). Pharmacological effects of urolithin A and its role in muscle health and performance: Current knowledge and prospects. Nutrients. 15(20):4441.
5. Vaatstra B (2018). Calf diarrhoea. VetScript. 52-55.
6. McGuirk SM (2008). Disease management of dairy calves and heifers. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract., 24(1):139–153.
7. Panivivat R, Kegley EB, Pennington JA et al (2004). Growth performance and health of dairy calves bedded with different types of materials. J Dairy Sci., 87(11):3736–3745.
8. Sutherland MA, Worth GM, Stewart M (2014). The effect of rearing substrate and space allowance on the behavior and physiology of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci., 97(7):4455–4463.

9. Bialonska D, Kasimsetty SG, Khan SI et al (2009). Urolithins, intestinal microbial metabolites of pomegranate ellagitannins, exhibit potent antioxidant activity in a cell-based assay. J Agric Food Chem., 57(21):10181–10186.
10. Toney AM, Fox D, Chaidez V et al (2021). Immunomodulatory role of urolithin A on metabolic diseases. Biomedicines, 9(2):192.
11. González-Sarrías A, Giménez-Bastida JA, García-Conesa MT et al (2010). Occurrence of urolithins, gut microbiota ellagic acid metabolites and proliferation markers expression response in the human prostate gland upon consumption of walnuts and pomegranate juice. Mol Nutr Food Res., 54(3):311–322.
12. Larrosa M, González-Sarrías A, Yáñez-Gascón MJ et al (2010). Anti-inflammatory properties of a pomegranate extract and its metabolite urolithin-A in a colitis rat model and the effect of colon inflammation on phenolic metabolism. J Nutr Biochem., 21(8):717–725.
13. Jing T, Liao J, Shen K et al (2019). Protective effect of urolithin A on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice via modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol., 129:108–114.
14. Alıç Ural D (2024). Oral yolla silikon dioksit uygulanan ishalli buzağılarda fekal yansıma ile gizli temizlik skorlarında değişim sağlanabilir mi?. SBGY., 5(3):111–115.
15. Alıç Ural D (2024). Kurkuminin oral yolla yem katkısı olarak kullanımının ishalli buzağılarda zonulin seviyeleri ile dışkı kıvamı ve hijyen skoru üzerine etkinliğinin araştırılması: Kohort çalışması. Türkiye Klinikleri Vet Bilim Derg., 101599:1–17.
16. Nishimoto Y, Fujisawa K, Ukawa Y et al (2023). Effect of urolithin A on the improvement of vascular endothelial function depends on the gut microbiota. Front Nutr., 9:1077534.
17. Kuerec AH, Lim XK, Khoo AL et al (2024). Targeting aging with urolithin A in humans: A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev., 102406.
18. Heilman J, Andreux P, Tran N et al (2017). Safety assessment of Urolithin A a metabolite produced by the human gut microbiota upon dietary intake of plant derived ellagitannins and ellagic acid. Food Chem Toxicol., 108:289–297.
19. Singh A, Andreux P, Blanco-Bose W et al (2018). Translating urolithin A benefits on muscle mitochondria to humans. Innov Aging., 2:92.