EVALUATION OF THE RISKS IN WOOD HARVESTING ACTIVITIES BY THE PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA)

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 66 - 73, 31.12.2019

Saliha Ünver Okan , H.hulusi Acar , Selçuk Gümüş , İbrahim Ergenç

Öz

The first step of the wood harvesting process
is the harvesting that include cutting-felling, pruning, peeling, and bucking.
These activities involve a variety of hazards, because of in the work
environment, done and machines used. Forestry operations are among the most
difficult and risky. Taking the necessary precautions is crucial to ensure
occupational health and safety in forest operations before the operations is
done that identification and classification of hazards posed by these
activities. In this study, it is aimed to determine the hazards that the trees
cutting-felling, pruning and bucking activities carry in terms of occupational
health and safety and evaluate them according to the preliminary hazard
analysis (PHA) method. Preliminary hazard analysis method has been chosen as
the risk analysis methods because of the necessity of documentation is less in
the study, the ability to be done by an expert, the medium level of experience
and the application of each sector. The hazards of these activities have are
revealed by the literature survey and the field studies in the wood harvesting
area in the Black Sea, Central Anatolia and Mediterranean regions of the
Turkey. Twenty-nine hazardous situations were identified in the study, of which
12 were high risk, 9 were serious and 8 were intermediate risk. It is not
possible that the working environment and all hazards in the forests that are
living ecosystems and work material is heavy are completely removed.
Intervening according to the importance classes of the hazards to minimize and
the level of the risk to decrease should be taken precautions that determined
in the study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Risk analysis, PHA method, Wood harvesting, Forestry activities

Odun Hasat Faaliyetlerindeki Risklerin Ön Tehlike Analizi Metodu ile Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Odun hammaddesi üretim sürecinin ilk aşaması olan odun
hasat faaliyetleri; ağaç kesme, devirme, dal alma/budama, kabuk soyma ve
boylama/tomruklama işlerinden oluşur. Bu faaliyetler gerek çalışma ortamı
gerekse yapılan iş ve kullanılan makineler kaynaklı olarak çeşitli tehlikeler
içermektedir. En zor ve riskli ormancılık işleri arasında yer alan bu
faaliyetlerin taşıdıkları tehlikelerin işler yapılmadan önce tespit edilmesi,
sınıflandırılması ve gerekli önlemlerin alınması orman işlerinde iş sağlığı ve
güvenliğinin sağlanabilmesi için çok önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, ağaç kesme, devirme,
budama ve boylama faaliyetlerinin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından taşıdığı
tehlikeler belirlenerek ön tehlike analizi yöntemine göre değerlendirilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada doküman gereksiniminin az olması, bir uzman tarafından
yapılabilmesi, orta düzeyde deneyim istemesi ve her sektöre uygulanabilmesi
nedenleriyle risk analizi yöntemlerinde ön tehlike analizi yöntemi seçilmiştir.
Bu faaliyetlerin sahip oldukları tehlikeler, literatür taraması ile Karadeniz,
İç Anadolu ve Akdeniz bölgelerinde yer alan üç odun üretim biriminde yapılan saha
çalışmaları ile ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada 29 adet tehlike durumu
belirlenmiş olup bunların 12 adedinin yüksek risk, 9 adedinin ciddi risk ve 8
adedinin orta risk sınıfında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ormanların canlı
ekosistemler olmaları, iş materyalinin ağır olması, çalışma ortamı ya da
çevreden kaynaklanan tehlikelerin tamamen ortadan kaldırılması mümkün değildir.
Çalışmada belirlenen tehlikelerin önem sınıflarına göre müdahale edilerek
zararı minimize edecek ve risk derecesini düşürecek önlemler alınmalıdır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Risk analizi, Ön tehlike analizi metodu, Odun hasatı, Ormancılık faaliyetleri

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