Melatonin and Antioxidant Effects

Öz

Biosynthesis and chemical structure of melatonin, the main hormone secreted from the pineal gland, although its existence has been known since ancient times it appeared in 1958 by Lerner. Melatonin is responsible for circadian regulation and sleep control in the organism at the highest concentration throughout the night. In blood shows a circadian rhythm and night values are much higher than day levels. The other important function of melatonin is thought to be a strong free radical scavenger at extreme level. Melatonin can extinguish both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. It is known that melatonin also catches the very toxic hydroxyl radical, peroxy nitrite anion and peroxyl radical. Melatonin also inhibits nitric oxide synthetase, a prooxidative enzyme in some places. It is also known that for the superoxide dismutase enzyme, also stimulate the mRNA level for the superoxide dismutase enzyme and glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase are activated. The aim of the review is to emphasize once again the importance that melatonin is a very powerful antioxidant as a result of both in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Melatonin,antioxidant,free radical,photoperiodism,sleep

Melatonin ve Antioksidan Etkileri

Öz

Çok eski zamanlardan beri varlığı bilinmesine rağmen pineal bezden salgılanan temel hormon olan melatoninin biyosentezi ve kimyasal yapısı ancak 1958’de Lerner tarafından ortaya konulabilmiştir. Melatonin gece boyunca en yüksek konsantrasyonda organizmada karşılaşılan sirkadiyen düzenleme ve uyku kontrolünden sorumludur. Kanda sirkadiyen bir ritim gösterir, gece değerleri ise gündüz seviyelerinden oldukça yüksektir. Melatoninin diğer önemli fonksiyonunun son derece güçlü serbest bir radikal temizleyici olduğu düşünülmektedir. Melatonin hem reaktif oksijen türlerini hem de reaktif azot türlerini etkisiz hale getirebilir. Melatoninin aynı zamanda çok toksik olan hidroksil radikalini, peroksi nitrit anyonu ve peroksil radikalini yakaladığı bilinmektedir. Melatonin bazı yerlerde bir prooksidatif enzim olan nitrik oksit sentetazı da inhibe etmektedir. Ayrıca süperoksit dismutaz enzimi için mRNA düzeyini sitümüle etmekte ve glutatyon peroksidaz, glutatyon redüktaz ve glukoz-6 fosfat dehidrojenazı aktive ettiği de bilinmektedir. Derlemenin amacı hem in vivo hem de in vitro yapılan deneyler sonucunda melatoninin çok güçlü bir antioksidan olduğunun önemini bir kez daha vurgulamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Melatonin,Antioksidan Madde,Serbest Radikal,Fotoperiyodizm,uyku

Kaynakça

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