Palmitoleic Acid and its Role in Certain Chronic Diseases: A Brief Review

Öz

In recent years, the incidence of chronic diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes is increasing. The role of dietary pattern in the emergence and progression of chronic diseases is well known. One of the most important parts of a sufficient and balanced diet is the fat taken with food. Especially in recent years, the role of different fatty acids as well as the total amount of fat taken with diet has been focused on. Palmitoleic acid, one of these fatty acids, is a sixteen-carbon, monounsaturated fatty acid. Palmitoleic acid is metabolized mainly in adipose tissue and liver. The amount found in the body varies specifically for the tissue and the region. However, basal concentrations of palmitoleic acid vary depending on metabolic processes. Therefore, palmitoleic acid is thought to be a "lipokine" released from adipose tissue and palmitoleic acid metabolism may be effective in preventing chronic diseases. More comprehensive cohort, longitudinal and randomized controlled studies are needed to explain the effects of palmitoleic acid. In this review, the possible role of palmitoleic acid supplementation in the formation of chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases was examined in the light of recent studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dyslipidemias
• dietary fats
• obesity

Palmitoleik Asidin Bazı Kronik Hastalıklardaki Rolü: Kısa Derleme

Öz

Günümüzde obezite, dislipidemi, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, tip 2 diyabet gibi kronik hastalıkların görülme sıklığı artmaktadır. Diyet örüntüsünün kronik hastalıkların oluşumu ve ilerlemesindeki rolü iyi bilinmektedir. Yeterli ve dengeli bir diyette bulunması gereken en önemli parçalardan birisi, besinlerle alınan yağlardır. Özellikle son yıllarda diyetle alınan toplam yağ miktarının yanı sıra farklı yağ asitlerinin rolü üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bu yağ asitlerinden biri olan palmitoleik asit on altı karbonlu, tekli doymamış bir yağ asididir. Palmitoleik asit, başlıca adipoz doku ve karaciğerde metabolize olmaktadır. Vücutta bulunan miktarları doku ve bölgeye spesifik olarak değişmektedir. Bununla birlikte, palmitoleik asidin bazal konsantrasyonları metabolik süreçlere bağlı olarak değişim göstermektedir. Bu nedenle palmitoleik asidin adipoz dokudan salınan bir “lipokin” olabileceği ve palmitoleik asit metabolizmasının kronik hastalıkların önlenmesinde etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Palmitoleik asidin etkilerini açıklamak için daha kapsamlı kohort, longitudinal ve randomize kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede obezite, tip 2 diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi kronik hastalıkların oluşumunda palmitoleik asit takviyesinin olası rolü güncel çalışmalar eşliğinde incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dislipidemiler
• diyet yağları
• obezite

Kaynakça

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