Bioactive Food Peptides and Effects on Health

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 241 - 246, 31.05.2020

Ece Yalçın Neslişah Rakıcıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.33631/duzcesbed.559968

Öz

Bioactive food
peptides have many structural features in the control of various biological
functions in the body. These components need to be measurable at a
physiologically realistic level. Bioactive peptides have been identified as
peptides with hormone or drug-like activity that have a physiological function
by binding to specific receptors on target cells leading to the induction of
physiological responses. Bioactive peptides usually contain between 3 and 20
amino acid residues and remain inactive while the sequences are in the basic
protein structure. Inactive bioactive food peptides in the primary structure of
plant and animal proteins are activated by releasing the peptide sequences.
These peptides are mainly produced by enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrolysis with
digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract and fermentation. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that bioactive food peptides have
antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Therefore, studies on the use of bioactive food peptides have been increasing
in the treatment of chronic diseases and general health. The purpose of this
review article is to investigate the effects of bioactive food peptides on
health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Proteins, peptides, fermentation, health

Biyoaktif Besin Peptitleri ve Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Biyoaktif
besin peptitleri, vücutta birçok biyolojik işlevin kontrolünde yapısal özelliğe
sahiptir. Bu bileşenlerin olumlu etkilerini gösterebilmeleri için fizyolojik
olarak gerçekçi düzeyde ve ölçülebilir etki göstermesi gerekmektedir. Biyoaktif
peptitler; fizyolojik tepkimelerin indüklenmesine yol açan, hedef hücreler
üzerindeki spesifik reseptörlere bağlanma yoluyla fizyolojik fonksiyonu olan,
hormon veya ilaç benzeri aktiviteye sahip peptitler olarak tanımlanmıştır.
Biyoaktif peptitler genellikle 3-20 amino asit kalıntısı içermekte ve temel
protein yapısındayken etkinlik göstermemektedir. Bitki ve hayvan proteinlerinin
temel yapısında bulunan biyoaktif besin peptitlerinin etkinlik gösterebilmesi
için peptit sekanslarının serbest hale gelmesi gerekmektedir. Bu peptitler
çoğunlukla enzimatik hidroliz, gastrointestinal sistemde sindirim enzimleri ile
hidroliz ve fermentasyon yoluyla üretilmektedir. Yapılan in vitro ve in vivo
çalışmalarda; biyoaktif besin peptitlerinin antihipertansif, hipolipidemik,
antioksidan, antiinflamatuar aktiviteye sahip olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu
nedenle, son yıllarda kronik hastalıkların önlenmesinde, tedavisinde ve genel
sağlığın korunmasında biyoaktif besin peptitlerin kullanımına yönelik
çalışmalar artmaktadır. Bu derleme yazının amacı, biyoaktif besin peptitlerini
ve sağlık üzerine olan etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Proteinler, peptitler, fermentasyon, sağlık

Kaynakça

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