Depresyon Tanısı Alan Hastalarda Çocukluk Çağı Travması Varlığı ve Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü İle İlişkisi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 67 - 75, 21.01.2021

Rukiye Ay Oğuzhan Kılınçel

https://doi.org/10.33631/duzcesbed.819460

Cited By: 1

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada depresyon hastalarında çocukluk çağı travması varlığı ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğü ile ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipte olan araştırma Haziran 2020 - Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında Sakarya Yenikent Devlet Hastanesi Psikiyatri Polikliniğine başvuran, takip ve tedavileri sürdürülen DSM-5 kriterlerine göre depresif bozukluk tanısı konulan hastalardan çalışma kriterlerini karşılayan 63 hasta ve rastgele seçilen benzer sosyodemografik özelliklere sahip 65 sağlıklı birey ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Çocukluk Çağı Travma Ölçeği (CTQ) ve Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü Ölçeği (DERS) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi; tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann Whitney U testi, Ki-kare testleri ve Spearman korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 31,48 ± 9,47 (18-61) olan çalışmada, depresyon hastalarında sağlıklı bireylere kıyasla çocukluk çağı travma anketi puanlarının (cinsel istismar alt boyutu hariç) ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğü ölçeği puanlarının yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte Depresyon hastalarında CTQ toplam puanı CTQ ≥35 olanlarda BDÖ ve DERS stratejiler, dürtüsellik, amaçlar alt boyutları ile toplam puanlarının yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca CTQ toplam puanı ile DERS kabullenme, stratejiler, amaçlar alt boyutları ile toplam puanları arasında pozitif anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Çocukluk çağı travmalarına maruz kalma durumunun mevcut depresyonla ilişkili olduğu ve bu durumun duygu düzenlemede güçlüklere neden olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Depresyon, travma ve stresör ilişkili bozukluklar, cinsel istismar

The Presence of Childhood Trauma in Depression Patients and Its Relationship with Difficulties Emotion Regulation

Öz

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the presence of childhood trauma and difficulty in emotion regulation in patients with depression.
Material and Methods: The cross-sectinoal study was conducted with 63 patients who were diagnosed with depressive disorder according to DSM-5 criteria, who applied to Sakarya Yenikent State Hospital Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic between June 2020 and October 2020, and who were diagnosed with depressive disorder according to DSM-5 criteria and 65 healthy individuals randomly selected with similar sociodemographic characteristics. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Childhood Trauma Scale (CTQ), and Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale (DERS). The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test, Chi-square tests and Spearman correlation analysis.
Results: In the study with a mean age of 31.48 ± 9.47 (range 18 to 61), it was found that childhood trauma questionnaire scores (excluding sexual abuse sub-dimension) and emotion regulation difficulty scale scores were higher in depression patients compared to healthy individuals. On the other hand, it was found that the BDI and DERS strategies, impulsivity, goals sub-dimensions and total scores were higher in patients with depression patients whose CTQ total score was CTQ ≥35. In addition, a positive significant relationship was found between CTQ total score and DERS acceptance, strategies, goals sub-dimensions and total scores.
Conclusion: It has been determined that exposure to childhood traumas is related to current depression and this situation causes difficulties in emotion regulation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Depression, trauma and stressor related disorders, sexual abuse

Kaynakça

• 1. Kilincel S, Vural AP, Kilincel O. Theory of mind deficit in adolescents with major depressive disorder. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg. 2020; 21(2): 158-64.
• 2. Uher R. Gene-environment interactions in severe mental illness. Front Psychiatry. 2014;5(3):48.
• 3. Brietzke E, Kauer Sant'anna M, Jackowski A, Grassi-Oliveira R, Bucker J, Zugman A, et al. Impact of childhood stress on psychopathology. Braz J Psychiatry. 2012;34(4):480-8.
• 4. Bouras G, Lazaratou E. Emergence of early childhood trauma in adult psychiatric symptomatology. Psychiatriki. 2012; 23(Suppl 1):39-48.
• 5. Cross D, Crow T, Powers A, Bradley B. Childhood trauma, PTSD, and problematic alcohol and substance use in low-income, African-American men and women. Child Abuse Negl. 2015;44:26-35.
• 6. Ay R, Erbay LG. Relationship between childhood trauma and suicide probability in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2018;261:132-6.
• 7. Taner Y, Gökler B. Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali: Psikiyatrik yönleri. Acta Medica. 2004;35(2):82-6.
• 8. Brown GR, Anderson B. Psychiatric morbidity in adult inpatients with childhood histories of sexual and physical abuse. Am J Psychiatry. 1991;148(1):55-61.
• 9. Walker E, Katon W, Harrop-Griffiths J, Holm L, Russo J, Hickok LR. Relationship of chronic pelvic pain to psychiatric diagnoses and childhood sexual abuse. Am J Psychiatry. 1988;145(1):75-80.
• 10. Dakil SR, Cox M, Lin H, Flores G. Racial and ethnic disparities in physical abuse reporting and child protective services interventions in the United States. J Natl Med Assoc. 2011;103(9-10):926-31.
• 11. Yurdakök K, İnce O. Duygusal istismar ve ihmal. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi. 2010;32(4):423-33.
• 12. Hopfinger L, Berking M, Bockting CL, Ebert DD. Emotion regulation mediates the effect of childhood trauma on depression. J Affect Disord. 2016;198:189-97.
• 13. Gross JJ. Emotion regulation: taking stock and moving forward. Emotion. 2013;13(3):359-65.
• 14. Gratz KL, Roemer L. Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 2004;26(1):41-54.
• 15. Weiss NH, Nelson RJ, Contractor AA, Sullivan TP. Emotion dysregulation and posttraumatic stress disorder: a test of the incremental role of difficulties regulating positive emotions. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2019;32(4):443-56.
• 16. McLaughlin KA, Greif Green J, Gruber MJ, Sampson NA, Zaslavsky AM, Kessler RC. Childhood adversities and first onset of psychiatric disorders in a national sample of US adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012;69(11):1151-60.
• 17. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4(6):561-71.
• 18. Hisli N. A reliability and validity study of Beck Depression Inventory in a university student sample. J Psychol. 1989;7(1):3-13.
• 19. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56(6):893-7.
• 20. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. The Beck anxiety inventory: psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother. 1998;12(2):163-72.
• 21. Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, Walker E, Pogge D, Ahluvalia T, et al. Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abuse Negl. 2003;27(2):169-90.
• 22. Şar V, Öztürk PE, İkikardeş E. Çocukluk çağı ruhsal travma ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi. 2012;32(4):1054-63.
• 23. Ruganci RN, Gencoz T. Psychometric properties of a Turkish version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. J Clin Psychol. 2010;66(4):442-55.
• 24. Openshaw M, Thompson LM, de Pheils PB, Mendoza-Flores ME, Humphreys J. Childhood trauma is associated with depressive symptoms in Mexico City women. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2015;37(4-5):308-15.
• 25. Kaczmarczyk M, Wingenfeld K, Kuehl LK, Otte C, Hinkelmann K. Childhood trauma and diagnosis of major depression: Association with memory and executive function. Psychiatry Res. 2018;270:880-6.
• 26. Yu M, Linn KA, Shinohara RT, Oathes DJ, Cook PA, Duprat R, et al. Childhood trauma history is linked to abnormal brain connectivity in major depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2019;116(17):8582-90.
• 27. Crow T, Cross D, Powers A, Bradley B. Emotion dysregulation as a mediator between childhood emotional abuse and current depression in a low-income African-American sample. Child Abuse Negl. 2014;38(10):1590-8.
• 28. Yılmaz B. Çocukluk çağı örselenme yaşantıları: Duygu düzenleme, kişilerarası tarz ve genel psikolojik sağlık açısından bir inceleme [Uzmanlık tezi]. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Psikoloji Anabilim Dalı; 2012.