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The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 137 - 146, 01.02.2014

Öz

Market share of sport and physical activity organizations in the services sector has been steadily increasing because of changing consumer lifestyles and elevated levels of consumer awareness and interest in health and fitness. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the role of internal marketing on employee job satisfaction and turnover intentionin the sport and physical activity organizations. Internal Marketing (Foreman and Money, 1995), job satisfaction (Chang and Chang, 2007) and turnover intention (Landau and Hammer, 1986) scales were used as data collection instruments. The data for the study were collected from fitness trainers (N=142) who were employed in commercial fitness centers. The study results demonstrate that there is a significant positive relationship between internal marketing and job satisfaction. The results also show that turnover intention is significantly influenced by internal marketing and job satisfaction. Furthermore, the effects of internal marketing on turnover intention were fully mediated by job satisfaction

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, P.K., Rafiq, M. ve Saad, N.M. (2003) “Internal Marketing and the Mediating Role of Organisational Competencies” European Journal of Marketing, 37(9): 1221-1241.
  • Ahmad, N., Iqbal, N. ve Sheeraz, M. (2012) “The Effect of Internal Marketing on Employee Retention in Pakistani Banks” International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(8): 270-280.
  • Arnett, D.B., Laverie, D.A. ve Mclane, C. (2002) “Using Job Satisfaction and Pride asInternal-Marketing Tools” Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 43(4): 87-96.
  • Akın, A. (2007) “Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarında İş Tatmini ile İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Eğilimi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi” Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 34: 144-151.
  • Barnes, B.R., Fox, M.T. ve Morris, D.S. (2004) “Exploring the Linkage Between Internal Marketing, Relationship Marketing and Service Quality: A Case Study of a Consulting Organization” Total Quality Management, 15(5-6): 593-601.
  • Baron, R.M. ve Kenny, D.A. (1986) “The Moderator- Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6): 1173-1182.
  • Berry, L.L. (1995) “Relationship Marketing of Services—Growing Interest, Emerging Perspectives” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 23(4): 236-245.
  • Bouranta, N., Mavridoglou, G. ve Kyriazopoulos, P. (2005) “The Impact of Internal Marketing to Market Orientation Concept and Their Effects to Bank Performance” Operational Research: An International Journal. 5(2): 349-362.
  • Cahill, D.J. (1995) “The Managerial Implications of the Learning Organization: A New Tool for Internal Marketing” Journal of Services Marketing, 9(4): 43-51.
  • Chang, C.S. ve Chang, H.H. (2007) “Effects of Internal Marketing on Nurse Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: Example of Medical Centers in Southern Taiwan” Journal of Nursing Research, 15(4): 265-274.
  • Chang, C.P. ve Chang, W.C. (2008) “Internal Marketing Practices and Employees’ Turnover Intentions in Tourism and Leisure Hotels”The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 4(2): 161-172.
  • Chatzoglou, P.D., Vraimaki, E., Komsiou, E., Polychrou, E. ve Diamantidis, A.D. (2011) “Factors Affecting Accountants’ Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions: A Structural Equation Model” 8th International Conference on Enterprise Systems, Accounting and Logistics, Thassos Island, Greece.
  • Cooper, J. ve Cronin, J.J. (2000) “Internal Marketing: A Competitive Strategy for the Long-Term Care Industry” Journal of Business Research, 48(3): 177-181.
  • Çarıkçı, İ.H. ve Oksay, A. (2004) “Örgütsel Yapı ve Meslek Farklılıklarının İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkileri: Hastane Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma” SDÜ İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 9(2): 157-172.
  • Dess, G.G. ve Shaw, J.D. (2001) “Voluntary Turnover, Social Capital, and Organizational Performance” Academy Managemet Review, 26(3): 446-456.
  • Foreman, S. ve Money, A. (1995) “Internal Marketing: Concepts, Measurement and Application” Journal of Marketing Management, 11(8): 755-768.
  • George, W.R. (1990) “Internal Marketing and Organizational Behavior: A Partnership in Developing Customer-Conscious Employees at Every Level” Journal of Business Research, 20(1): 63-70.
  • Greene, W., Walls, G.D. ve Schrest, L.J. (1994) “Internal Marketing: The Key to External Marketing Success” Journal of Services Marketing, 8(4): 5-13.
  • Grönroos C. (1990) “Service Management: A Management Focus for Service Competition” International Journal of Service Industry Management,1(1): 6-14.
  • Grönroos, C. (1994) “From Marketing Mix to Relationship Marketing: Towards a Paradigm Shift in Marketing” Management Decision, 32(2): 4-20.
  • Grönroos, C. (2000) “Service Management and Marketing: A Customer Relationship Management Approach” (2nd edition) New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Gummesson, E. (1987) “The New Marketing: Developing Long Term Interactive Relationships” Long Range Planning, 20(4): 10-20.
  • Gummesson, E. (1991) “Marketing Orientation Revisited: The Crucial Role of the Part-Time Marketer” European Journal of Marketing, 25(2): 60-75.
  • Gummesson, E. (2000) “Internal Marketing in the Light of Relationship Marketing and Network Organizations” in Internal Marketing: Directions for Management. R.J. Varey, Lewis, B.R. (Eds) London: Routledge.
  • Güney, S. (2012) “Örgütsel Davranış” (2. Baskı) Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd. Şti.
  • Hwang, I.S. ve Chi, D.J. (2005) “Relationships Among Internal Marketing, Employee Job Satisfaction and International Hotel Performance: An Empirical Study” International Journal of Management, 22(2): 285- 293.
  • Jeon, H. ve Choi, B. (2012) “The Relationship Between Employee Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction” Journal of Services Marketing, 26(5): 332-341.
  • Joseph, W.B. (1996) “Internal Marketing Builds Service Quality” Journal of Health Care Marketing, 16(1): 54-59.
  • Landau, J. ve Hammer, T.H. (1986) “Clerical (2006) “When Coworkers and Managers Quit: The
  • Effects of Turnover and Shared Values on Performance” Employees’ Perceptions of Intraorganizational Career Opportunities” Academy of Management Journal, 29(2): 385-404.
  • Lau, R.S.M. ve May, B.E. (1998) “A Win-Win Paradigm for Quality of Work Life and Business with the Leader Matter?” Team Performance Management, Performance” Human Resource Development Quarterly, 9(3): 211-226.
  • Lau, R.S.M. (2000) “Quality of Work Life and Performance–An Investigation of Two Key Elements In the Service Profit Chain Model” International Journal of Service Industry Management, 11(5): 422-437.
  • Lings, I.N. (2004) “Internal Market Orientation: Construct and Consequences” Journal of Business Research, 57(4): 405-413.
  • Martensen, A. ve Gronholdt, L. (2006) “Internal Marketing: A Study of Employee Loyalty, its Determinants and Consequences” Innovative Marketing, 2(4): 92-116.
  • Rafiq, M. ve Ahmed, P.K. (1993) “The Scope of Internal Marketing: Defining the Boundary Between Marketing and Human Resource Management” Journal of Marketing Management, 9(3): 219-232.
  • Rafiq, M. ve Ahmed, P.K. (2000) “Advances in the Internal Marketing Concept: Definition, Synthesis and Extension” Journal of Services Marketing, 14(6): 449-462.
  • Saari, L.M. ve Judge, T.A. (2004) “Employee Attitudes and Job Satisfaction” Human Resource Management,43(4): 395-407.
  • Shiu, Y.-M. ve Yu, T.W. (2010) “Internal Marketing, Organisational Culture, Job Satisfaction, and Organisational Performance in Non-Life Insurance” The Service Industries Journal, 30(6): 793-809.
  • cost_of_Employee_Turnover-jm514.pdf, (Erişim, 07.Ekim.2012)
  • Staw, B.M. (1980) “The Consequences of Turnover”Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 1: 253-273.
  • Şahin, F. (2011) “The Effect of Gender on the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Intention to Quit” Ege Academic Review, 11(2): 277-288.
  • Wagenheim, M. ve Anderson, S. (2008) “Theme Park Employee Satisfaction and Customer Orientation” Managing Leisure, 13(3-4): 242-257.
  • Wasmuth, W.J. ve Dawis, S.W. (1983) “Managing Employee Turnover” Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 24(1): 15-22.
  • Wasmuth, W.J. ve Dawis, S.W. (1993) “Managing Employee Turnover: Why Employees Leave” Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 24(2): 11- 18.
  • Watrous, K.M., Huffman, A.H. ve Pritchard, R.D. Journal of Business and Psychology, 21: 103-126.
  • Wells, J.E. ve Peachey, J.W. (2011) “Turnover Intentions: Do Leadership Behaviors and Satisfaction
  • Yıldız, S.M. ve Tüfekçi, Ö. (2010) “Fitness Merkezi Müşterilerinin Hizmet Kalitesine Yönelik Beklenti ve Algılarının Değerlendirilmesi” Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(24): 1-11.
  • Yıldız, S.M.(2011) “İçsel Pazarlama, İş Tatmini ve Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisi: Spor Okullarında Görev Yapan Antrenörler Üzerine Bir İnceleme” Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilim Dergisi, 13(2): 216-225.
  • Yıldız, S.M. (2013) “The Effect of Quality of Work Life on Employee Turnover Intention in Sports and Physical Activity Organizations” Ege Academic Review, 13(3): 317-324.
  • Yin-Fah, B.C., Foon, Y.S., Chee-Leong, L. ve Osman, S. (2010) “An Exploratory Study on Turnover Intention Among Private Sector Employees” International Journal of Business and Management, 5(8): 57-64.
  • Yorgun, S., Yılmaz, G. ve Keser, A. (2009) “The Relationships of Job and Life Satisfaction with Intention to Leave Among Unionized Hotel Employees in Turkey”IS, GUC Industrial Relations and Human Resources Journal. 11(2): 55-68.
  • http://www.wf1broward.com/upload/2261/High_

İçsel Pazarlamanın İş Tatmini ve İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerindeki Rolü: Spor ve Fiziksel Etkinlik İşletmeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 137 - 146, 01.02.2014

Öz

İnsanların değişen yaşam tarzı, yükselen tüketici bilinci, sağlık ve fiziksel uygunluğa yönelik ilgisinden dolayı spor ve fiziksel etkinlik işletmelerinin hizmet sektörü içerisindeki pazar payı gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, spor ve fiziksel etkinlik işletmelerinde içsel pazarlamanın iş tatmini ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki rolünün incelenmesi bu araştırmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak; Foreman ve Money’in (1995) içsel pazarlama ölçeği, Chang ve Chang’ın (2007) iş tatmini ölçeği, Landau ve Hammer’in (1986) işten ayrılma niyeti ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler, ticari olarak faaliyet gösteren fitness merkezlerinde görev yapan antrenörlerden (N=142) elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, içsel pazarlama ile iş tatmini arasında anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişkinin varlığını; işten ayrılma niyeti ile içsel pazarlama ve iş tatmini arasında ise anlamlı ve negatif bir ilişkinin varlığını ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca araştırma sonuçları iş tatmininin içsel pazarlama ve işten ayrılma niyeti arasında tam aracılık etkisi olduğunu da göstermiştir

Kaynakça

  • Ahmed, P.K., Rafiq, M. ve Saad, N.M. (2003) “Internal Marketing and the Mediating Role of Organisational Competencies” European Journal of Marketing, 37(9): 1221-1241.
  • Ahmad, N., Iqbal, N. ve Sheeraz, M. (2012) “The Effect of Internal Marketing on Employee Retention in Pakistani Banks” International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(8): 270-280.
  • Arnett, D.B., Laverie, D.A. ve Mclane, C. (2002) “Using Job Satisfaction and Pride asInternal-Marketing Tools” Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 43(4): 87-96.
  • Akın, A. (2007) “Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarında İş Tatmini ile İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Eğilimi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi” Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 34: 144-151.
  • Barnes, B.R., Fox, M.T. ve Morris, D.S. (2004) “Exploring the Linkage Between Internal Marketing, Relationship Marketing and Service Quality: A Case Study of a Consulting Organization” Total Quality Management, 15(5-6): 593-601.
  • Baron, R.M. ve Kenny, D.A. (1986) “The Moderator- Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6): 1173-1182.
  • Berry, L.L. (1995) “Relationship Marketing of Services—Growing Interest, Emerging Perspectives” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 23(4): 236-245.
  • Bouranta, N., Mavridoglou, G. ve Kyriazopoulos, P. (2005) “The Impact of Internal Marketing to Market Orientation Concept and Their Effects to Bank Performance” Operational Research: An International Journal. 5(2): 349-362.
  • Cahill, D.J. (1995) “The Managerial Implications of the Learning Organization: A New Tool for Internal Marketing” Journal of Services Marketing, 9(4): 43-51.
  • Chang, C.S. ve Chang, H.H. (2007) “Effects of Internal Marketing on Nurse Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: Example of Medical Centers in Southern Taiwan” Journal of Nursing Research, 15(4): 265-274.
  • Chang, C.P. ve Chang, W.C. (2008) “Internal Marketing Practices and Employees’ Turnover Intentions in Tourism and Leisure Hotels”The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 4(2): 161-172.
  • Chatzoglou, P.D., Vraimaki, E., Komsiou, E., Polychrou, E. ve Diamantidis, A.D. (2011) “Factors Affecting Accountants’ Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intentions: A Structural Equation Model” 8th International Conference on Enterprise Systems, Accounting and Logistics, Thassos Island, Greece.
  • Cooper, J. ve Cronin, J.J. (2000) “Internal Marketing: A Competitive Strategy for the Long-Term Care Industry” Journal of Business Research, 48(3): 177-181.
  • Çarıkçı, İ.H. ve Oksay, A. (2004) “Örgütsel Yapı ve Meslek Farklılıklarının İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkileri: Hastane Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma” SDÜ İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 9(2): 157-172.
  • Dess, G.G. ve Shaw, J.D. (2001) “Voluntary Turnover, Social Capital, and Organizational Performance” Academy Managemet Review, 26(3): 446-456.
  • Foreman, S. ve Money, A. (1995) “Internal Marketing: Concepts, Measurement and Application” Journal of Marketing Management, 11(8): 755-768.
  • George, W.R. (1990) “Internal Marketing and Organizational Behavior: A Partnership in Developing Customer-Conscious Employees at Every Level” Journal of Business Research, 20(1): 63-70.
  • Greene, W., Walls, G.D. ve Schrest, L.J. (1994) “Internal Marketing: The Key to External Marketing Success” Journal of Services Marketing, 8(4): 5-13.
  • Grönroos C. (1990) “Service Management: A Management Focus for Service Competition” International Journal of Service Industry Management,1(1): 6-14.
  • Grönroos, C. (1994) “From Marketing Mix to Relationship Marketing: Towards a Paradigm Shift in Marketing” Management Decision, 32(2): 4-20.
  • Grönroos, C. (2000) “Service Management and Marketing: A Customer Relationship Management Approach” (2nd edition) New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Gummesson, E. (1987) “The New Marketing: Developing Long Term Interactive Relationships” Long Range Planning, 20(4): 10-20.
  • Gummesson, E. (1991) “Marketing Orientation Revisited: The Crucial Role of the Part-Time Marketer” European Journal of Marketing, 25(2): 60-75.
  • Gummesson, E. (2000) “Internal Marketing in the Light of Relationship Marketing and Network Organizations” in Internal Marketing: Directions for Management. R.J. Varey, Lewis, B.R. (Eds) London: Routledge.
  • Güney, S. (2012) “Örgütsel Davranış” (2. Baskı) Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd. Şti.
  • Hwang, I.S. ve Chi, D.J. (2005) “Relationships Among Internal Marketing, Employee Job Satisfaction and International Hotel Performance: An Empirical Study” International Journal of Management, 22(2): 285- 293.
  • Jeon, H. ve Choi, B. (2012) “The Relationship Between Employee Satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction” Journal of Services Marketing, 26(5): 332-341.
  • Joseph, W.B. (1996) “Internal Marketing Builds Service Quality” Journal of Health Care Marketing, 16(1): 54-59.
  • Landau, J. ve Hammer, T.H. (1986) “Clerical (2006) “When Coworkers and Managers Quit: The
  • Effects of Turnover and Shared Values on Performance” Employees’ Perceptions of Intraorganizational Career Opportunities” Academy of Management Journal, 29(2): 385-404.
  • Lau, R.S.M. ve May, B.E. (1998) “A Win-Win Paradigm for Quality of Work Life and Business with the Leader Matter?” Team Performance Management, Performance” Human Resource Development Quarterly, 9(3): 211-226.
  • Lau, R.S.M. (2000) “Quality of Work Life and Performance–An Investigation of Two Key Elements In the Service Profit Chain Model” International Journal of Service Industry Management, 11(5): 422-437.
  • Lings, I.N. (2004) “Internal Market Orientation: Construct and Consequences” Journal of Business Research, 57(4): 405-413.
  • Martensen, A. ve Gronholdt, L. (2006) “Internal Marketing: A Study of Employee Loyalty, its Determinants and Consequences” Innovative Marketing, 2(4): 92-116.
  • Rafiq, M. ve Ahmed, P.K. (1993) “The Scope of Internal Marketing: Defining the Boundary Between Marketing and Human Resource Management” Journal of Marketing Management, 9(3): 219-232.
  • Rafiq, M. ve Ahmed, P.K. (2000) “Advances in the Internal Marketing Concept: Definition, Synthesis and Extension” Journal of Services Marketing, 14(6): 449-462.
  • Saari, L.M. ve Judge, T.A. (2004) “Employee Attitudes and Job Satisfaction” Human Resource Management,43(4): 395-407.
  • Shiu, Y.-M. ve Yu, T.W. (2010) “Internal Marketing, Organisational Culture, Job Satisfaction, and Organisational Performance in Non-Life Insurance” The Service Industries Journal, 30(6): 793-809.
  • cost_of_Employee_Turnover-jm514.pdf, (Erişim, 07.Ekim.2012)
  • Staw, B.M. (1980) “The Consequences of Turnover”Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 1: 253-273.
  • Şahin, F. (2011) “The Effect of Gender on the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange and Intention to Quit” Ege Academic Review, 11(2): 277-288.
  • Wagenheim, M. ve Anderson, S. (2008) “Theme Park Employee Satisfaction and Customer Orientation” Managing Leisure, 13(3-4): 242-257.
  • Wasmuth, W.J. ve Dawis, S.W. (1983) “Managing Employee Turnover” Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 24(1): 15-22.
  • Wasmuth, W.J. ve Dawis, S.W. (1993) “Managing Employee Turnover: Why Employees Leave” Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 24(2): 11- 18.
  • Watrous, K.M., Huffman, A.H. ve Pritchard, R.D. Journal of Business and Psychology, 21: 103-126.
  • Wells, J.E. ve Peachey, J.W. (2011) “Turnover Intentions: Do Leadership Behaviors and Satisfaction
  • Yıldız, S.M. ve Tüfekçi, Ö. (2010) “Fitness Merkezi Müşterilerinin Hizmet Kalitesine Yönelik Beklenti ve Algılarının Değerlendirilmesi” Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(24): 1-11.
  • Yıldız, S.M.(2011) “İçsel Pazarlama, İş Tatmini ve Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisi: Spor Okullarında Görev Yapan Antrenörler Üzerine Bir İnceleme” Selçuk Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilim Dergisi, 13(2): 216-225.
  • Yıldız, S.M. (2013) “The Effect of Quality of Work Life on Employee Turnover Intention in Sports and Physical Activity Organizations” Ege Academic Review, 13(3): 317-324.
  • Yin-Fah, B.C., Foon, Y.S., Chee-Leong, L. ve Osman, S. (2010) “An Exploratory Study on Turnover Intention Among Private Sector Employees” International Journal of Business and Management, 5(8): 57-64.
  • Yorgun, S., Yılmaz, G. ve Keser, A. (2009) “The Relationships of Job and Life Satisfaction with Intention to Leave Among Unionized Hotel Employees in Turkey”IS, GUC Industrial Relations and Human Resources Journal. 11(2): 55-68.
  • http://www.wf1broward.com/upload/2261/High_
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA83VA28DV
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Süleyman Murat Yıldız Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldız, S. M. (2014). The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations. Ege Academic Review, 14(1), 137-146.
AMA Yıldız SM. The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations. eab. Şubat 2014;14(1):137-146.
Chicago Yıldız, Süleyman Murat. “The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations”. Ege Academic Review 14, sy. 1 (Şubat 2014): 137-46.
EndNote Yıldız SM (01 Şubat 2014) The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations. Ege Academic Review 14 1 137–146.
IEEE S. M. Yıldız, “The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations”, eab, c. 14, sy. 1, ss. 137–146, 2014.
ISNAD Yıldız, Süleyman Murat. “The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations”. Ege Academic Review 14/1 (Şubat 2014), 137-146.
JAMA Yıldız SM. The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations. eab. 2014;14:137–146.
MLA Yıldız, Süleyman Murat. “The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations”. Ege Academic Review, c. 14, sy. 1, 2014, ss. 137-46.
Vancouver Yıldız SM. The Role of Internal Marketing on Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Investigation of Sport and Physical Activity Organizations. eab. 2014;14(1):137-46.