ECONOMETRIC MODEL SPECIFICATION AND D-SEPARATION: A MONTE CARLO EXPERIMENT
Öz
The purpose of this paper is to identify how Directed Acyclic Graphs perform in a commonly occurring setting in economics, namely the use of proxy variables. When estimating the coefficients that describe the relationships between variables in an economic model, theoretical foundations guide the selection of variables to include in the statistical framework. However, some important variables lack measurable scales. Variables such as education, intelligence, or price expectations are often key explanatory factors, but since they are not directly observable, researchers must choose between treating them as omitted variables or using proxy indicators like years of schooling, test scores, or expected future prices. The method of this research aims to compare the traditional use of proxy variables with the methodology based on Directed Acyclic Graphs. To highlight the distinctions between both approaches, using a Monte Carlo simulation. We were able to demonstrate in a Monte Carlo simulation that the proxy variable suggested by existing literature could be worse than the procedure suggested by Directed Acyclic Graphs, these findings are relevant for the specification of economic models. Our conclusions indicate that dealing with an unobservable variable requires careful consideration when introducing a proxy variable. While earlier studies recommend using a proxy to address the issue of missing variables, the Directed Acyclic Graphs method advises a thorough evaluation of the proxy's attributes beyond merely its strong correlation with the unobservable variable.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
27 Aralık 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi
24 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi
11 Eylül 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1