Oral Malign Lezyonlarda GABRB3 Geninin Metilasyonla İlişkili Ekspresyon Değişimlerinin Araştırılması
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 272 - 279, 30.09.2025
Semra Demokan
,
Seval Turna
,
Ahmet Özkan
,
Erdinç Uysal
,
Murat Ulusan
,
Leyla Khalilova
,
Nejat Vakur Olgaç
Öz
Amaç: Oral kanserler, tüm kanserlerin %2-4'ünü oluşturur ve baş-boyun bölgesinde larenks kanserinden sonra en sık görülen kanser türüdür. Oral skuamöz hücreli karsinom (OSCC), tüm ağız boşluğu karsinomlarının %90'ından fazlasını oluşturur. OSCC'de 5 yıllık sağkalım oranı %40 iken, erken tanıda bu oran %95'e çıkmaktadır. GABRB3 geni, Demokan ve arkadaşları tarafından tamamlanmış TÜBİTAK-SBAG-114S497 kodlu projede potansiyel bir epigenetik biyobelirteç adayı olarak tanımlanmış ve bu çalışmada, OSCC hastalarındaki farklı metilasyon ve ekspresyon seviyeleri incelenerek erken tanı ve prognozdaki biyobelirteç potansiyeli araştırılmıştır.
Yöntem: OSCC tanısı almış 15 hastadan alınan doku örneklerinden DNA ve RNA izole edildi, ardından GABRB3 geninin metilasyon durumu ve gen ekspresyon seviyeleri sırasıyla Kantitatif Metilasyon Spesifik PCR ve Gerçek Zamanlı PCR yöntemleri ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular ve Sonuçlar: OSCC hastalarından alınan tümör örneklerinin %60'ında GABRB3 geninin promotör bölgesinde metilasyon tespit edildi. Ekspresyon seviyeleri değerlendirildiğinde, tümör dokularında normal dokulara kıyasla örneklerin %46,7'sinde GABRB3 geninin ekspresyon kaybı tespit edilirken, %13,3'ünde ekspresyon artışı gözlendi. Ekspresyon seviyeleri azalmış olan tüm hastalarda metilasyon tespit edildi. Metilasyon gözlenmeyen tümör dokularının %33,3'ünde ekspresyonda azalma gözlenirken, %50'sinde ekspresyon artışı gözlendi. GABRB3 geninin metilasyona bağlı ekspresyon kaybı yoluyla OSCC hastalarının özel bir alt grubundan sorumlu olabileceği ve erken tanı ve prognozun belirlenmesinde potansiyel bir biyobelirteç adayı olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu bulguları doğrulamak için daha geniş hasta gruplarıyla yapılacak ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Proje Numarası
TDP-2020-36656
Kaynakça
-
Barsouk, A., Aluru, J. S., Rawla, P., Saginala, K., & Barsouk, A. (2023). Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci (Basel), 11(2). doi:10.3390/medsci11020042
-
Demokan S, Chuang AY, Pattani KM, Sidransky D, Koch W, Califano JA. (2014) Validation of nucleolar protein 4 as a novel methylated tumor suppressor gene in head and neck cancer. Oncol Rep. Feb;31(2):1014-20. doi: 10.3892/or.2013.2927
-
Gallon J, Rodriguez-Calero A, Benjak A, Akhoundova D, Maletti S, Amstutz U, Hewer E, Genitsch V, Fleischmann A, Rushing EJ, Grobholz R, Fischer I, Jochum W, Cathomas G, Osunkoya AO, Bubendorf L, Moch H, Thalmann G, Feng FY, Gillessen S, Ng CKY, Rubin MA, Piscuoglio S. DNA Methylation Landscapes of Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis Are Shaped by Early Driver Genetic Alterations. Cancer Res. 2023 Apr 14;83(8):1203-1213. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-2236.
-
Guerrero-Preston, R., Michailidi, C., Marchionni, L., Pickering, C. R., Frederick, M. J., Myers, J. N., . . . Sidransky, D. (2014). Key tumor suppressor genes inactivated by "greater promoter" methylation and somatic mutations in head and neck cancer. Epigenetics, 9(7), 1031-1046. doi:10.4161/epi.29025
-
Kanwal, R., & Gupta, S. (2012). Epigenetic modifications in cancer. Clin Genet, 81(4), 303-311. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01809.x
-
Mauceri, R., Bazzano, M., Coppini, M., Tozzo, P., Panzarella, V., & Campisi, G. (2022). Diagnostic delay of oral squamous cell carcinoma and the fear of diagnosis: A scoping review. Front Psychol, 13, 1009080. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1009080
-
Song, J., Yang, P., Chen, C., Ding, W., Tillement, O., Bai, H., & Zhang, S. (2025). Targeting epigenetic regulators as a promising avenue to overcome cancer therapy resistance. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 10(1), 219. doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02266-z
-
Tan, Y., Wang, Z., Xu, M., Li, B., Huang, Z., Qin, S., . . . Huang, C. (2023). Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions. Int J Oral Sci, 15(1), 44. doi:10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w
-
Tranby, E. P., Heaton, L. J., Tomar, S. L., Kelly, A. L., Fager, G. L., Backley, M., & Frantsve-Hawley, J. (2022). Oral Cancer Prevalence, Mortality, and Costs in Medicaid and Commercial Insurance Claims Data. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 31(9), 1849-1857. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0114
Investigation of Methylation-Related Expression Changes of GABRB3 Gene in Oral Malignant Lesions
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 272 - 279, 30.09.2025
Semra Demokan
,
Seval Turna
,
Ahmet Özkan
,
Erdinç Uysal
,
Murat Ulusan
,
Leyla Khalilova
,
Nejat Vakur Olgaç
Öz
Aim: Oral cancer constitutes 2-4% of all cancers and is the most common cancer in the head and neck region after laryngeal cancer. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes more than 90% of all oral cavity carcinomas. While the 5-year survival rate in OSCC is 40%, this rate increases to 95% in early diagnosis. The GABRB3 gene was identified as a potential epigenetic biomarker candidate in the TUBITAK-SBAG-114S497 project conducted by Demokan et al., and in this study, the differing methylation and expression levels in OSCC patients were examined and its biomarker potential in early diagnosis and prognosis was investigated.
Methods: DNA and RNA were isolated from tissue samples taken from 15 patients diagnosed with OSCC, then the methylation status and gene expression levels of the GABRB3 gene were evaluated by Quantitative Methylation Specific PCR and Real-Time PCR methods, respectively.
Results and Conclusions: Methylation was detected in the promoter region of the GABRB3 gene in 60% of tumor samples from OSCC patients. When expression levels were evaluated, loss of expression of the GABRB3 gene was detected in 46.7% of samples compared to normal tissues in tumor tissues, while increased expression was observed as 13.3%. Methylation was detected in all patients with decreased expression levels. While decreased expression was observed in 33.3% of tumor tissues having no methylation, increased expression was observed in 50%. It is thought that GABRB3 gene may be responsible for a special subgroup of OSCC patients via methylation-related loss of expression and can be used as a potential biomarker candidate in early diagnosis and prognosis determination. Further studies in larger patient groups are needed to confirm these findings.
Destekleyen Kurum
This study was supported by Istanbul University Scientific Research Projects Unit with project no. TDP-2020-36656
Proje Numarası
TDP-2020-36656
Kaynakça
-
Barsouk, A., Aluru, J. S., Rawla, P., Saginala, K., & Barsouk, A. (2023). Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci (Basel), 11(2). doi:10.3390/medsci11020042
-
Demokan S, Chuang AY, Pattani KM, Sidransky D, Koch W, Califano JA. (2014) Validation of nucleolar protein 4 as a novel methylated tumor suppressor gene in head and neck cancer. Oncol Rep. Feb;31(2):1014-20. doi: 10.3892/or.2013.2927
-
Gallon J, Rodriguez-Calero A, Benjak A, Akhoundova D, Maletti S, Amstutz U, Hewer E, Genitsch V, Fleischmann A, Rushing EJ, Grobholz R, Fischer I, Jochum W, Cathomas G, Osunkoya AO, Bubendorf L, Moch H, Thalmann G, Feng FY, Gillessen S, Ng CKY, Rubin MA, Piscuoglio S. DNA Methylation Landscapes of Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis Are Shaped by Early Driver Genetic Alterations. Cancer Res. 2023 Apr 14;83(8):1203-1213. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-22-2236.
-
Guerrero-Preston, R., Michailidi, C., Marchionni, L., Pickering, C. R., Frederick, M. J., Myers, J. N., . . . Sidransky, D. (2014). Key tumor suppressor genes inactivated by "greater promoter" methylation and somatic mutations in head and neck cancer. Epigenetics, 9(7), 1031-1046. doi:10.4161/epi.29025
-
Kanwal, R., & Gupta, S. (2012). Epigenetic modifications in cancer. Clin Genet, 81(4), 303-311. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01809.x
-
Mauceri, R., Bazzano, M., Coppini, M., Tozzo, P., Panzarella, V., & Campisi, G. (2022). Diagnostic delay of oral squamous cell carcinoma and the fear of diagnosis: A scoping review. Front Psychol, 13, 1009080. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1009080
-
Song, J., Yang, P., Chen, C., Ding, W., Tillement, O., Bai, H., & Zhang, S. (2025). Targeting epigenetic regulators as a promising avenue to overcome cancer therapy resistance. Signal Transduct Target Ther, 10(1), 219. doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02266-z
-
Tan, Y., Wang, Z., Xu, M., Li, B., Huang, Z., Qin, S., . . . Huang, C. (2023). Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions. Int J Oral Sci, 15(1), 44. doi:10.1038/s41368-023-00249-w
-
Tranby, E. P., Heaton, L. J., Tomar, S. L., Kelly, A. L., Fager, G. L., Backley, M., & Frantsve-Hawley, J. (2022). Oral Cancer Prevalence, Mortality, and Costs in Medicaid and Commercial Insurance Claims Data. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 31(9), 1849-1857. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-22-0114