Domestic water quality and the discriminatory influence of socio-economic stratification on accessibility to safe water in a part of Osun State, Nigeria

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 19 - 31, 30.06.2023

Adebayo Eludoyin

https://doi.org/10.51800/ecd.1253076

Öz

The status of the water supplied to households in an urban local government area in southwest Nigeria was examined. Specific objectives were to characterize household water sources, assess the per capita usage of potable water sources and examine quality of the household water in the area. The purposively selected study area, Olorunda local government area in Osun State, Nigeria (being an urban local government area) was stratified into ‘urban core’ (central business district, CBD or high population density area), ‘transition’ (medium population density area but with less social infrastructure) and ‘sub-urban’ (typically government reserved area and low population density area) based on household density and associative socio-economic status. The methods were a mix of questionnaire administration to heads of 120 households (40 per stratum) and collection of the drinking water samples from the supply sources at four randomly selected households in each stratum. The water samples were analysed for the concentrations of nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), fluoride (F-), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) as well as E-coli bacteria contents based on their importance in determining water quality in urban areas. The results showed that domestic water sources are mainly hand dug well (55.8%), borehole (37.5%) and pipe borne (6.7%). Residents averagely consumed at most 4L of water per day. Furthermore, the investigated chemical parameters varied as NO2 (0.37-0.94 mg/l), NO3 (0.29-0.70 mg/l), and F- (0.003-0.97 mg/l). As and Pb occurred in trace quantities, and there were no pollution threats to consumers. The amount of E coli and total coliform contents were however outside the safe limits for residents, suggesting contamination of household water by the bacteria sources. The study concluded communities with low socio-economic status which do not have access to state-provided tap water source are more likely to consume polluted water than those with high socio-economic status or that are supplied with state-provided tap water. The study advocates improve urban water management for the urban fringe dwellers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Water accessibility, Household water supply, Urban core, Urban water quality, Urban transition zone

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Proje Numarası

Not applicable

Nijerya, Osun Eyaletinin bir bölümünde evsel su kalitesi ve sosyo-ekonomik tabakalaşmanın güvenli suya erişim üzerindeki ayrımcı etkisi

Öz

Güneybatı Nijerya'da kentsel bir yerel yönetim bölgesinde hanelere verilen suyun durumu incelenmiştir. Evsel su kaynaklarının karakterize edilmesi, içilebilir su kaynaklarının kişi başına kullanımının değerlendirilmesi ve bölgedeki evsel su kalitesinin incelenmesi özel hedeflerdi. Amaca uygun olarak seçilen çalışma alanı, Nijerya'nın Osun Eyaletindeki Olorunda yerel yönetim alanı (kentsel bir yerel yönetim alanıdır) 'kentsel çekirdek' (merkezi iş bölgesi, MİA veya yüksek nüfus yoğunluğu bölgesi), 'geçiş' (orta nüfus yoğunluğu) olarak katmanlara ayrılmıştır. alan ancak daha az sosyal altyapıya sahip) ve 'banliyö' (tipik olarak hükümet tarafından ayrılmış alan ve düşük nüfus yoğunluğuna sahip alan) hanehalkı yoğunluğuna ve birleştirici sosyo-ekonomik duruma bağlıdır. Yöntemler, 120 hane reisine (katman başına 40) anket uygulaması ve her tabakada rastgele seçilen dört hanedeki kaynak kaynaklarından içme suyu örneklerinin toplanması karışımıydı. Su numuneleri, nitrit (NO2-), nitrat (NO3-), florür (F-), kurşun (Pb) ve arsenik (As) konsantrasyonları ile E-coli bakteri içeriklerinin belirlenmesindeki önemlerine göre analiz edildi. Kentsel alanlarda su kalitesi. Sonuçlar, evsel su kaynaklarının çoğunlukla elle kazılmış kuyu (%55,8), sondaj (%37,5) ve boru kaynaklı (%6,7) olduğunu göstermiştir. Sakinleri ortalama olarak günde en fazla 4L su tüketti. Ayrıca incelenen kimyasal parametreler NO2 (0,37-0,94 mg/l), NO3 (0,29-0,70 mg/l) ve F- (0,003-0,97 mg/l) olarak değişmiştir. As ve Pb eser miktarlarda meydana geldi ve tüketiciler için kirlilik tehdidi yoktu. Bununla birlikte, E coli miktarı ve toplam koliform içeriği, konut sakinleri için güvenli limitlerin dışındaydı ve bu da ev suyunun bakteri kaynakları tarafından kontamine olduğunu düşündürüyor. Çalışma, düşük sosyo-ekonomik statüye sahip ve devlet tarafından sağlanan musluk suyu kaynağına erişimi olmayan toplulukların, yüksek sosyo-ekonomik statüye sahip veya devlet tarafından sağlanan musluk suyuna sahip olanlara göre kirli su tüketme olasılığının daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna varmıştır. Çalışma, kentsel çevre sakinleri için kentsel su yönetiminin iyileştirilmesini savunmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Su erisilebilrtgi, Kentsel cekirdek, Kentsei gecis

Proje Numarası

Not applicable

Kaynakça

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