Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Theory of Mind Skills in Early Childhood: An Analysis of Graduate Theses Conducted in Türkiye

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 1 - 14, 29.12.2025

Öz

Theory of mind refers to the capacity of individuals to recognize and interpret their own and others’ mental states—such as beliefs, emotions, and intentions—and to anticipate behavior based on these inferences. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of graduate theses that focus on theory of mind skills within the field of early childhood education in Türkiye, offering a holistic view for researchers and educators. The study adopted a qualitative design and employed document analysis as the main data collection method. The dataset consisted of 18 theses selected from 44 accessible graduate studies on theory of mind in the Council of Higher Education’s National Thesis Center between 2012 and 2025. Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis to identify research trends and thematic patterns. Findings revealed that most theses were produced within the past decade, primarily used quantitative research designs, and commonly associated theory of mind skills with self-regulation, empathy, and social competence.

Kaynakça

  • Astington, J. W. (2001). The future of theory‐of‐mind research: Understanding motivational states, the role of language, and real‐world consequences. Child Development, 72(3), 685 - 687. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00304
  • Balcı, A. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma: Yöntem, teknik ve ilkeler (13 Baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Begeer, S., Gevers, C., Clifford, P., Verhoeve, M., Kat, K., Hoddenbach, E., & Boer, F. (2011). Theory of mind training in children with autism: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(8), 997-1006. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1121-9
  • Caputi, M., Lecce, S., Pagnin, A., & Banerjee, R. (2012). Longitudinal effects of theory of mind on friendship. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 30(1), 56-70. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025402
  • Carlson, S. M., Moses, L. J., & Breton, C. (2002). How specific is the relation between executive function and theory of mind? Contributions of inhibitory control and working memory.Developmental Psychology, 3(38), 643-658. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.298
  • Carpenter, M., Nagell, K., & Tomasello, M. (1998). Social cognition, joint attention, and communicative competence from 9 to 15 months of age. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 63(4), 1-143. https://doi.org/10.2307/1166214
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. Sage Publications.
  • Devine, R. T., & Hughes, C. (2014). Relations between executive function and theory of mind: A meta-analysis. , 140(5),. Psychological Bulletin, 140(5), 1145-1170. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12237
  • Doherty, M. (2009). Theory of mind: How children understand others' thoughts and feelings. Psychology.
  • Ertuğrul, Z. (2011). Zihin kuramı, dil ve çalışma belleği arasındaki gelişimsel bağlantılar . [Yayınlanmamış Yüksek lisans tezi], İstanbul Üniversitesi.
  • Ertürk, C. K., & Tepeli, K. (2024). 3–5 yaş çocukları için empati ve zihin kuramı ölçeği Türkçe geçerlik–güvenirlik çalışması ve bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Journal of Child and Development, 6(1), s. 13-22. https://doi.org/10.36731/cg.1390467
  • Grazzani, I. (2024). Promoting theory of mind and emotion understanding in preschool settings: An exploratory training. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1334567
  • Güven, Y., Ayvaz, E., & Göktaş, İ. (2019). Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının zihin kuramı ve sosyal problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Journal of Early Childhood Studies, 3(1), s. 76-97. https://doi.org/10.24130/eccd-jecs.1967201931130
  • Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Naturalistic Inquiry.
  • Merriam, S. B., & J. Tisdell, E. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4 th. Press). Jossey-Bass.
  • Miles, M., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. Sage.
  • Milligan, K., Astington, J. W., & Dack, L. A. (2007). Language and theory of mind: A meta‐analysis. Child Development, 78(2), 622-646. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01018.x
  • O’Brien, M., Weaver, J. M., Nelson, J. A., Calkins, S., Leerkes, E., & Marcovitch, S. (2011). Longitudinal associations between children's understanding of emotions and theory of mind. Child Development, 82(4), 1074–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01618.x
  • Patton, M. Q. (2005). Qualitative research. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Schurz, M., Radua, J., Aichhorn, M., Richlan, F., & Perner, J. (2014). Fractionating theory of mind: A meta-analysis of functional brain imaging studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 42, 9-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.009
  • Villiers, J. D., & Pyers, J. (2002). Complements to cognition: A longitudinal study of the relationship between complex syntax and false-belief understanding. Cognitive Development, 17(1), 1037–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-2014(02)00073-4
  • Wellman, H. M. (2014). Making minds: How theory of mind develops. Oxford University.
  • Wellman, H. M., & Liu, D. (2004). Scaling of theory-of-mind tasks. Child Development, 75(2), s. 523–541. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00691.x
  • Wimmer, H., & Perner, J. (1983). Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition, 13(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(83)90004-5
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin.
  • Yin, K. R. (2018). Case study research and applications. Sage.
  • Zhou, Y., X. D., Wang, S., & Shi, L. (2024). Theory of Mind and physical bullying in preschool children: the role of peer rejection and gender differences. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 37(29), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-024-00313-2

Okul Öncesi Dönemde Zihin Kuramı Becerileri: Türkiye’de Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlere Yönelik Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 1 - 14, 29.12.2025

Öz

Zihin kuramı, bireylerin hem kendi hem de başkalarının düşünce, duygu ve inançlarını fark edip bu zihinsel durumlara göre davranışları yorumlama ve öngörme becerisini ifade eder. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de okul öncesi eğitim alanında hazırlanmış ve zihin kuramı becerilerine odaklanan lisansüstü tezleri inceleyerek, araştırmacılara ve eğitimcilere konuya ilişkin kapsamlı bir perspektif sunmaktır. Araştırma, nitel desende tasarlanmış olup veriler doküman incelemesi yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında 2012–2025 yılları arasında erişime açık 44 tez arasından okul öncesi eğitime odaklanan 18 lisansüstü tez analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, betimsel analiz yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, tezlerin çoğunun son on yılda hazırlandığı, araştırmalarda en çok nicel desenin kullanıldığı ve zihin kuramı becerilerinin genellikle öz-düzenleme, empati ve sosyal yetkinlik gibi diğer bilişsel ve duyuşsal becerilerle birlikte ele alındığı görülmüştür. Zihin kuramı, zihin kuramı becerileri, okul öncesi dönem

Kaynakça

  • Astington, J. W. (2001). The future of theory‐of‐mind research: Understanding motivational states, the role of language, and real‐world consequences. Child Development, 72(3), 685 - 687. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00304
  • Balcı, A. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma: Yöntem, teknik ve ilkeler (13 Baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Begeer, S., Gevers, C., Clifford, P., Verhoeve, M., Kat, K., Hoddenbach, E., & Boer, F. (2011). Theory of mind training in children with autism: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(8), 997-1006. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1121-9
  • Caputi, M., Lecce, S., Pagnin, A., & Banerjee, R. (2012). Longitudinal effects of theory of mind on friendship. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 30(1), 56-70. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025402
  • Carlson, S. M., Moses, L. J., & Breton, C. (2002). How specific is the relation between executive function and theory of mind? Contributions of inhibitory control and working memory.Developmental Psychology, 3(38), 643-658. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.298
  • Carpenter, M., Nagell, K., & Tomasello, M. (1998). Social cognition, joint attention, and communicative competence from 9 to 15 months of age. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 63(4), 1-143. https://doi.org/10.2307/1166214
  • Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. Sage Publications.
  • Devine, R. T., & Hughes, C. (2014). Relations between executive function and theory of mind: A meta-analysis. , 140(5),. Psychological Bulletin, 140(5), 1145-1170. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12237
  • Doherty, M. (2009). Theory of mind: How children understand others' thoughts and feelings. Psychology.
  • Ertuğrul, Z. (2011). Zihin kuramı, dil ve çalışma belleği arasındaki gelişimsel bağlantılar . [Yayınlanmamış Yüksek lisans tezi], İstanbul Üniversitesi.
  • Ertürk, C. K., & Tepeli, K. (2024). 3–5 yaş çocukları için empati ve zihin kuramı ölçeği Türkçe geçerlik–güvenirlik çalışması ve bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Journal of Child and Development, 6(1), s. 13-22. https://doi.org/10.36731/cg.1390467
  • Grazzani, I. (2024). Promoting theory of mind and emotion understanding in preschool settings: An exploratory training. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1334567
  • Güven, Y., Ayvaz, E., & Göktaş, İ. (2019). Okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının zihin kuramı ve sosyal problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Journal of Early Childhood Studies, 3(1), s. 76-97. https://doi.org/10.24130/eccd-jecs.1967201931130
  • Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Naturalistic Inquiry.
  • Merriam, S. B., & J. Tisdell, E. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4 th. Press). Jossey-Bass.
  • Miles, M., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. Sage.
  • Milligan, K., Astington, J. W., & Dack, L. A. (2007). Language and theory of mind: A meta‐analysis. Child Development, 78(2), 622-646. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01018.x
  • O’Brien, M., Weaver, J. M., Nelson, J. A., Calkins, S., Leerkes, E., & Marcovitch, S. (2011). Longitudinal associations between children's understanding of emotions and theory of mind. Child Development, 82(4), 1074–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01618.x
  • Patton, M. Q. (2005). Qualitative research. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Schurz, M., Radua, J., Aichhorn, M., Richlan, F., & Perner, J. (2014). Fractionating theory of mind: A meta-analysis of functional brain imaging studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 42, 9-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.009
  • Villiers, J. D., & Pyers, J. (2002). Complements to cognition: A longitudinal study of the relationship between complex syntax and false-belief understanding. Cognitive Development, 17(1), 1037–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-2014(02)00073-4
  • Wellman, H. M. (2014). Making minds: How theory of mind develops. Oxford University.
  • Wellman, H. M., & Liu, D. (2004). Scaling of theory-of-mind tasks. Child Development, 75(2), s. 523–541. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00691.x
  • Wimmer, H., & Perner, J. (1983). Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition, 13(1), 103–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(83)90004-5
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin.
  • Yin, K. R. (2018). Case study research and applications. Sage.
  • Zhou, Y., X. D., Wang, S., & Shi, L. (2024). Theory of Mind and physical bullying in preschool children: the role of peer rejection and gender differences. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 37(29), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-024-00313-2
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Okul Öncesi Eğitim
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Aybike Zeynep Nalçın 0009-0007-5151-5994

Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Kasım 2025
Kabul Tarihi 10 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Nalçın, A. Z. (2025). Okul Öncesi Dönemde Zihin Kuramı Becerileri: Türkiye’de Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlere Yönelik Bir İnceleme. Early Childhood Education Researches, 3(2), 1-14.