Elektrikli Araçlar İçin GMSM Sürücülerinde Akım Başına Maksimum Tork Stratejisi

Yıl 2021, , 1405 - 1415, 30.09.2021

Osman Emre Özçiflikçi , Mikail Koç , Serkan Bahçeci

https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.932553

Cited By: 2

Öz

Kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron motorlar (KMSM), mıknatısları rotor yüzeyinde bulunan çeşidi ile bilinir ve yüzey mıknatıslı senkron motorlar (YMSM) olarak adlandırılan bu motor çeşidi rotor yüzeyinde bulunan mıknatıslardan dolayı tork üretirler. Tork eşitliklerinde sadece q eksen akımının ve sabit mıknatıslardaki akı değerinin olmasından dolayı d eksen akımı 0 değerinde tutularak tork maksimize edilir ve kontrolü sağlanır ki bu kontrol tekniğine I_d = 0 kontrol tekniği denir. Fakat gömülü mıknatıslı senkron motorlarda (GMSM) rotorlarındaki çıkıntıdan kaynaklanan endüktans farkından dolayı relüktans tork üretilir ve relüktans torkunun doğru bir şekilde kontrol edilmesiyle motor verimi yükselmektedir. Bu sebeple GMSM’lerde tork kontrolünün verimli şekilde gerçekleştirilebilmesi için akım başına maksimum tork (ABMT) stratejisi uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada GMSM’lerde tork kontrolünün konvansiyonel olarak kullanılan I_d = 0 kontrol tekniği yerine ABMT stratejisi ile simülasyonu gerçekleştirilerek verim değerleri arasındaki fark gözlenmiştir. Baz hızın altındaki hız değerlerinde tork kontrolünün verimli bir şekilde gerçekleştirildiği simülasyon sonuçları ile doğrulanmıştır. Simülasyonlar sonucunda elektrikli araç uygulamalarında kullanılan GMSM'lerin sürücülerinde konvansiyonel vektör kontrol tekniği yerine ABMT stratejisinin kullanılması sistemin verimini artırmakta ve bataryayı daha verimli kullanarak daha uzun menzil kapasitesi sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ABMT, GMSM, Tork Kontrolü

Proje Numarası

118E858

Maximum Torque per Ampere Strategy in IPM Drives for Electric Vehicles

Öz

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) are known for their type whose magnets are located on the rotor surface and this motor type, which is called surface mounted magnet synchronous motors (SPM), generates torque due to the magnets mounted on the rotor. Based on torque equations, since there is only q axis current and value of magnetic flux linkage, the d axis current is kept at 0 and the torque is maximized and controlled, which is called I_d = 0 control technique. However, reluctance torque is generated in interior mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPM) due to the inductance difference caused by the saliency in the rotors and by controlling the reluctance torque correctly, the efficiency of motor increases. For this reason, maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) strategy is applied in order to perform torque control efficiently in IPMs. In this study, the difference between the efficiency values was observed by simulating torque control in IPMs with the MTPA strategy instead of the conventionally used I_d = 0 control technique. As a result of the simulations, using the MTPA strategy instead of the conventional vector control technique in the drivers of the IPMs used in electric vehicle applications increases the efficiency of the system and extends drive range capacity by using the battery more efficiently.

Anahtar Kelimeler

IPM, MTPA, Torque Control

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

118E858

Teşekkür

This study has been supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) through the Scientific and Technological Research Projects Funding Program (1001) with a project numbered as 118E858.

Kaynakça

• Mahapatra U., "Energy Storages and Technologies for Electric Vehicle," 2021 Innovations in Energy Management and Renewable Resources(52042), Kolkata, India, pp. 1-3, (2021).
• Kunt M.A., "Advisor Based Modeling of the Effect of Rolling Resistance on Regenerative Braking in All-Electric Passenger Cars" , El-Cezeri, 2019. 6(3): p. 847-855.
• Bayraktar M , Y.E., "Constant Current/Voltage Charging of A 250W E-Bike with Wireless Power Transfer", El-Cezeri, 2020. 7(1): p. 189-197.
• Mohd Ab Halim M , S.E., "Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Torque Performance Indicator" ,El-Cezeri, 2021. 8(2): p. 582-591.
• Koç M., "Efficiency Optimised Control Of Interior Mounted Permanent Magnet Machines For Electric Vehicle Traction". PhD Thesis, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Sheffield, (2016).
• Wang Z., et al., "Challenges Faced by Electric Vehicle Motors and Their Solutions", IEEE Access, 2021. 9: p. 5228-5249.
• Finken T., Felden M., and Hameyer K., "Comparison and design of different electrical machine types regarding their applicability in hybrid electrical vehicles". 18th International Conference on Electrical Machines, Vilamoura, Portugal, pp. 1-5 ,(2008).
• Dong J., et al., "Comparative Study of Surface-Mounted and Interior Permanent-Magnet Motors for High-Speed Applications". IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2016. 26(4): p. 1-4.
• Tiecheng S., et al. "Design of PMSM vector control system based on TMS320F2812 DSP". Proceedings of The 7th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, Harbin, China, pp. 2602-2606, (2012).
• Yan G. "Simulation for the Vector Control Algorithm of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor", 2015 7th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics, Hangzhou, China, pp. 456-459, (2015).
• Yu L., et al. "Simulation of PMSM field-oriented control based on SVPWM". 2017 29th Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC), Chongqing, China, pp. 7407-7411,(2017).
• Dwivedi S.K., Laursen M., and Hansen S. "Voltage vector based control for PMSM in industry applications". 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Bari, Italy, pp. 3845-3850, (2010).
• Sun T., Koç M., and Wang J., "MTPA Control of IPMSM Drives Based on Virtual Signal Injection Considering Machine Parameter Variations". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2018. 65(8): p. 6089-6098.
• Gubae R., et al. "A MTPA control scheme for an IPM synchronous motor considering magnet flux variation caused by temperature" Nineteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Anaheim, CA, USA, pp. 1617-1621 Vol.3, (2004).
• Morimoto S., et al., "Servo drive system and control characteristics of salient pole permanent magnet synchronous motor". IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1993. 29(2): p. 338-343.
• Yang N., et al. "Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor control for electric vehicle using look-up table", Proceedings of The 7th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, Harbin, China pp. 1015-1019, (2012).
• Kim S., et al. "Parameter independent maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control of IPM machine based on signal injection" 2010 Twenty-Fifth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), Palm Springs, CA, USA, pp. 103-108, (2010).
• Chen Z., et al., "An Accurate Virtual Signal Injection Control for IPMSM With Improved Torque Output and Widen Speed Region", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2021. 36(2): p. 1941-1953.
• Jiang H., Zhang Y., and Yang H. "An Improved Virtual Signal Injection Control of MTPA for an IPMSM" 2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Detroit, MI, USA pp. 2696-2700, (2020).
• Hoang K.D., et al. "Feed-forward torque control of interior permanent magnet brushless AC drive for traction applications" 2013 International Electric Machines & Drives Conference ,Chicago, IL, USA, pp. 152-159, (2013).
• Shoudao H., et al. "Maximum torque per ampere and flux-weakening control for PMSM based on curve fitting" 2010 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference Lille, France ,pp. 1-5, (2010).
• Wang S., et al. "A Novel Newton-Raphson-Based Searching Method for the MTPA Control of Pmasynrm Considering Magnetic and Cross Saturation" 2018 XIII International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM) Alexandroupoli, Greece,pp. 1360-1366, (2018).
• Ping L. and Lan C. "Study on controlling and simulation of drive system for permanent magnet synchronous motor in electrical vehicle" 2012 Power Engineering and Automation Conference, Wuhan, China, pp. 1-4, (2012).
• Waghmare M.K. and Patil S.V. "Speed Control Strategy of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive Using SPWM Technique" 2019 4th International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication & Technology (RTEICT), Bangalore, India, pp. 1328-1332, (2019).
• Rathnakumar D., LakshmanaPerumal J., and Srinivasan T. "A new software implementation of space vector PWM" Proceedings. IEEE SoutheastCon, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA, pp. 131-136, (2005).
• Srivastava S. and Chaudhari M.A. "Comparison of SVPWM and SPWM Schemes for NPC Multilevel Inverter" 2020 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical,Electronics and Computer Science (SCEECS), Bhopal, India, pp. 1-6 ,(2020).