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The Effect of Short Carbon Fiber and Hydrothermal Carbon Content on Impact and Wear Properties of Epoxy Composites

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 65 - 73, 13.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.1333217

Öz

This study aims to investigate the effect of different weight fractions (3%, and 5%) of short carbon fibers (SCFs) and hydrothermal carbons (HTCs) on the impact and wear properties of epoxy matrix composites. The samples were fabricated using the hand lay-up method. Izod impact tests were applied to the unnotched samples. To investigate the wear properties of pure epoxy and composites, reciprocating wear tests were conducted. Also, a Scanning Electron Microscope has been used for observation of the morphology of the broken and worn surfaces of pure Epoxy and (SCFs and HTCs) reinforced epoxy-based composites. Results showed that HTCs have remarkable effects on improving the wear resistance rate as compared to SCFs reinforced composites. However, SCFs reinforced epoxy composites have better energy-absorbing effects compared to HTCs epoxy-reinforced composites.

Kaynakça

  • [1] S. A. Kumar, A. Lakshamankumar, K. Balasivaramareddy, and B. Ramprasath. Fabrication and study on carbon fiber with epoxy and vinyl ester resins. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012160. IOP Publishing, 2018.
  • [2] C. Kishore, V. Bhatt, R. Jaiswal, S. Jugran, D. Rawat, and D. Verma. Analysis of carbon fiber reinforced with resin epoxy using fem analysis. Materials Today: Proceedings, 46:11129–11139, 2021.
  • [3] R. Ambigai and S. Prabhu. Analysis on mechanical and thermal properties of glass-carbon/epoxy based hybrid composites. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012136. IOP Publishing, 2018.
  • [4] D. K. Jesthi, A. Nayak, B. C. Routara, and R. K. Nayak. Evaluation of mechanical and tribological properties of glass/carbon fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composite. International Journal of Engineering, 31(7):1088–1094, 2018.
  • [5] K. Karthik, I. I. Ahmed, and R. R. Renish. Experimental investigation of polymer matrix for heat distortion temperature test. TechnoChem, 3(2):243–251.
  • [6] S. Mutalikdesai, A. Hadapad, S. Patole, and G. Hatti. Fabrication and mechanical characterization of glass fibre reinforced epoxy hybrid composites using fly ash/nano clay/zinc oxide as filler. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012061. IOP Publishing, 2018.
  • [7] A. S. Swapnil, B. SatheSandip, P. ChaudhariBapu, and S. J. Vishal. Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of glass fibre/epoxy composites with variable volume fraction. materials today: proceedings, 4(9):9487–9490, 2017.
  • [8] S. Matei, M. Stoicanescu, and A. Crisan. Composites with short fibers reinforced epoxy resin matrix. Procedia Technology, 22:174–181, 2016.
  • [9] J. H. Song. Pairing effect and tensile properties of laminated high-performance hybrid composites prepared using carbon/glass and carbon/aramid fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering, 79:61–66, 2015.
  • [10] N. Guermazi, N. Haddar, K. Elleuch, and H. F. Ayedi. Investigations on the fabrication and the characterization of glass/epoxy, carbon/epoxy and hybrid composites used in the reinforcement and the repair of aeronautic structures. Materials & Design (1980-2015), 56:714–724, 2014.
  • [11] B. Solomon, D. George, K. Shunmugesh, and K. T. Akhil. The effect of fibers loading on the mechanical properties of carbon epoxy composite. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 25(3):237–240, 2017.
  • [12] T. D. Jagannatha and G. Harish. Mechanical properties of carbon/glass fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid polymer composites. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, 4(2):131–137, 2015.
  • [13] N. W. Khun, H. Zhang, L. H. Lim, C. Y. Yue, X. Hu, and J. Yang. Tribological properties of short carbon fibers reinforced epoxy composites. Friction, 2(3):226–239, 2014.
  • [14] A. A. Ibrahim. Friction and wear of carbon fibres reinforced epoxy composites. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Tribology, 13(4):12–27, Oct 2016. .
  • [15] H. Simsir and Y. Akgul. Using a new sustainable carbon reinforcement in magnesium matrix composites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, page 125886, 2022.
  • [16] Y. Akgul, H. Ahlatci, M. E. Turan, M. A. Erden, Y. Sun, and A. Kilic. Influence of carbon fiber content on bio-tribological performances of high-density polyethylene. Materials Research Express, 6(12):125307, 2019.
  • [17] F. H. Gojny, M. H. G. Wichmann, U. Köpke, B. Fiedler, and K. Schulte. Carbon nanotube-reinforced epoxy-composites: enhanced stiffness and fracture toughness at low nanotube content. Composites Science and Technology, 64(15):2363–2371, 2004.
  • [18] L. Yue, G. Pircheraghi, S. A. Monemian, and I. Manas-Zloczower. Epoxy composites with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets–dispersion and synergy effects. Carbon, 78:268–278, 2014.
  • [19] V. K. Srivastava. Modeling and mechanical performance of carbon nanotube/epoxy resin composites. Materials & Design, 39:432–436, 2012.
  • [20] M. M. Sakka, Z. Antar, K. Elleuch, and J. F. Feller. Tribological response of an epoxy matrix filled with graphite and/or carbon nanotubes. Friction, 5(2):171–182, 2017.
  • [21] S. Sudhagar and S. S. Kumar. Determination of wear, friction behavior and characterization of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites for transport applications. Materials Research, 23, 2021.
  • [22] Y. Akgul. Effect of hydrothermal carbons content on wear properties of polyethylene matrix composites. Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A-Applied Sciences and Engineering, 23(3):207–215.
  • [23] Y. Akgul, Y. A. Younes Alsbaaie, A. K. Eticha, and H. Cug. Mechanical and tribological behaviors of chopped carbon/glass fiber reinforced hybrid epoxy composites. Mechanics Of Advanced Composite Structures, 9(2):349–358, 2022. [24] W. Z. Nie and J. Li. Effect of carbon fibre content on friction and wear properties of carbon fibre reinforced pa6 composites. Plastics, rubber and composites, 39(1):10–15, 2010.
  • [25] M. Ekrem, H. Düzcükoğlu, M. Ali Şenyurt, Ö. Sinan Şahin, and A. Avcı. Friction and wear performance of epoxy resin reinforced with boron nitride nanoplatelets. Journal of Tribology, 140(2), 2018.
  • [26] H. Simsir, Y. Akgul, and M. A. Erden. Hydrothermal carbon effect on iron matrix composites produced by powder metallurgy. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 242:122557, 2020.
  • [27] V. Kostopoulos, A. Baltopoulos, P. Karapappas, A. Vavouliotis, and A. Paipetis. Impact and after-impact properties of carbon fibre reinforced composites enhanced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Composites Science and Technology, 70 (4):553–563, 2010.
  • [28] K. J. Wong, U. Nirmal, and B. K. Lim. Impact behavior of short and continuous fiber-reinforced polyester composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 29(23):3463–3474, 2010.
  • [29] G. Xian and Z. Zhang. Sliding wear of polyetherimide matrix composites: I. influence of short carbon fibre reinforcement. Wear, 258(5-6):776–782, 2005.
  • [30] R. İlhan and E. Feyzullahoğlu. The wear of glass fiber reinforced polyester composite materials at different loads and speeds. El-Cezerî Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1):259–266, 2018.
  • [31] E. Omrani, B. Barari, A. D. Moghadam, P. K. Rohatgi, and K. M. Pillai. Mechanical and tribological properties of selflubricating bio-based carbon-fabric epoxy composites made using liquid composite molding. Tribology International, 92: 222–232, 2015.
  • [32] S. Matsunaga, T. Matsubara, W.-X. Wang, and Y. Takao. Effects of reciprocation number on the friction behaviors of carbon/epoxy for various fiber orientations and high contact pressures. In ICCM-13, 2001.
Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 65 - 73, 13.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.31202/ecjse.1333217

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] S. A. Kumar, A. Lakshamankumar, K. Balasivaramareddy, and B. Ramprasath. Fabrication and study on carbon fiber with epoxy and vinyl ester resins. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012160. IOP Publishing, 2018.
  • [2] C. Kishore, V. Bhatt, R. Jaiswal, S. Jugran, D. Rawat, and D. Verma. Analysis of carbon fiber reinforced with resin epoxy using fem analysis. Materials Today: Proceedings, 46:11129–11139, 2021.
  • [3] R. Ambigai and S. Prabhu. Analysis on mechanical and thermal properties of glass-carbon/epoxy based hybrid composites. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012136. IOP Publishing, 2018.
  • [4] D. K. Jesthi, A. Nayak, B. C. Routara, and R. K. Nayak. Evaluation of mechanical and tribological properties of glass/carbon fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composite. International Journal of Engineering, 31(7):1088–1094, 2018.
  • [5] K. Karthik, I. I. Ahmed, and R. R. Renish. Experimental investigation of polymer matrix for heat distortion temperature test. TechnoChem, 3(2):243–251.
  • [6] S. Mutalikdesai, A. Hadapad, S. Patole, and G. Hatti. Fabrication and mechanical characterization of glass fibre reinforced epoxy hybrid composites using fly ash/nano clay/zinc oxide as filler. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, page 012061. IOP Publishing, 2018.
  • [7] A. S. Swapnil, B. SatheSandip, P. ChaudhariBapu, and S. J. Vishal. Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of glass fibre/epoxy composites with variable volume fraction. materials today: proceedings, 4(9):9487–9490, 2017.
  • [8] S. Matei, M. Stoicanescu, and A. Crisan. Composites with short fibers reinforced epoxy resin matrix. Procedia Technology, 22:174–181, 2016.
  • [9] J. H. Song. Pairing effect and tensile properties of laminated high-performance hybrid composites prepared using carbon/glass and carbon/aramid fibers. Composites Part B: Engineering, 79:61–66, 2015.
  • [10] N. Guermazi, N. Haddar, K. Elleuch, and H. F. Ayedi. Investigations on the fabrication and the characterization of glass/epoxy, carbon/epoxy and hybrid composites used in the reinforcement and the repair of aeronautic structures. Materials & Design (1980-2015), 56:714–724, 2014.
  • [11] B. Solomon, D. George, K. Shunmugesh, and K. T. Akhil. The effect of fibers loading on the mechanical properties of carbon epoxy composite. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 25(3):237–240, 2017.
  • [12] T. D. Jagannatha and G. Harish. Mechanical properties of carbon/glass fiber reinforced epoxy hybrid polymer composites. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, 4(2):131–137, 2015.
  • [13] N. W. Khun, H. Zhang, L. H. Lim, C. Y. Yue, X. Hu, and J. Yang. Tribological properties of short carbon fibers reinforced epoxy composites. Friction, 2(3):226–239, 2014.
  • [14] A. A. Ibrahim. Friction and wear of carbon fibres reinforced epoxy composites. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Tribology, 13(4):12–27, Oct 2016. .
  • [15] H. Simsir and Y. Akgul. Using a new sustainable carbon reinforcement in magnesium matrix composites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, page 125886, 2022.
  • [16] Y. Akgul, H. Ahlatci, M. E. Turan, M. A. Erden, Y. Sun, and A. Kilic. Influence of carbon fiber content on bio-tribological performances of high-density polyethylene. Materials Research Express, 6(12):125307, 2019.
  • [17] F. H. Gojny, M. H. G. Wichmann, U. Köpke, B. Fiedler, and K. Schulte. Carbon nanotube-reinforced epoxy-composites: enhanced stiffness and fracture toughness at low nanotube content. Composites Science and Technology, 64(15):2363–2371, 2004.
  • [18] L. Yue, G. Pircheraghi, S. A. Monemian, and I. Manas-Zloczower. Epoxy composites with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets–dispersion and synergy effects. Carbon, 78:268–278, 2014.
  • [19] V. K. Srivastava. Modeling and mechanical performance of carbon nanotube/epoxy resin composites. Materials & Design, 39:432–436, 2012.
  • [20] M. M. Sakka, Z. Antar, K. Elleuch, and J. F. Feller. Tribological response of an epoxy matrix filled with graphite and/or carbon nanotubes. Friction, 5(2):171–182, 2017.
  • [21] S. Sudhagar and S. S. Kumar. Determination of wear, friction behavior and characterization of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites for transport applications. Materials Research, 23, 2021.
  • [22] Y. Akgul. Effect of hydrothermal carbons content on wear properties of polyethylene matrix composites. Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology A-Applied Sciences and Engineering, 23(3):207–215.
  • [23] Y. Akgul, Y. A. Younes Alsbaaie, A. K. Eticha, and H. Cug. Mechanical and tribological behaviors of chopped carbon/glass fiber reinforced hybrid epoxy composites. Mechanics Of Advanced Composite Structures, 9(2):349–358, 2022. [24] W. Z. Nie and J. Li. Effect of carbon fibre content on friction and wear properties of carbon fibre reinforced pa6 composites. Plastics, rubber and composites, 39(1):10–15, 2010.
  • [25] M. Ekrem, H. Düzcükoğlu, M. Ali Şenyurt, Ö. Sinan Şahin, and A. Avcı. Friction and wear performance of epoxy resin reinforced with boron nitride nanoplatelets. Journal of Tribology, 140(2), 2018.
  • [26] H. Simsir, Y. Akgul, and M. A. Erden. Hydrothermal carbon effect on iron matrix composites produced by powder metallurgy. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 242:122557, 2020.
  • [27] V. Kostopoulos, A. Baltopoulos, P. Karapappas, A. Vavouliotis, and A. Paipetis. Impact and after-impact properties of carbon fibre reinforced composites enhanced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Composites Science and Technology, 70 (4):553–563, 2010.
  • [28] K. J. Wong, U. Nirmal, and B. K. Lim. Impact behavior of short and continuous fiber-reinforced polyester composites. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 29(23):3463–3474, 2010.
  • [29] G. Xian and Z. Zhang. Sliding wear of polyetherimide matrix composites: I. influence of short carbon fibre reinforcement. Wear, 258(5-6):776–782, 2005.
  • [30] R. İlhan and E. Feyzullahoğlu. The wear of glass fiber reinforced polyester composite materials at different loads and speeds. El-Cezerî Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1):259–266, 2018.
  • [31] E. Omrani, B. Barari, A. D. Moghadam, P. K. Rohatgi, and K. M. Pillai. Mechanical and tribological properties of selflubricating bio-based carbon-fabric epoxy composites made using liquid composite molding. Tribology International, 92: 222–232, 2015.
  • [32] S. Matsunaga, T. Matsubara, W.-X. Wang, and Y. Takao. Effects of reciprocation number on the friction behaviors of carbon/epoxy for various fiber orientations and high contact pressures. In ICCM-13, 2001.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik Uygulaması
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Shokrı Salah M. Khlıfa 0000-0003-1006-8474

Harun Çuğ 0000-0002-6322-4269

Andinet Kumella Eticha 0000-0001-8401-8125

Yasin Akgül 0000-0001-5643-5968

Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Temmuz 2023
Kabul Tarihi 18 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

IEEE S. S. M. Khlıfa, H. Çuğ, A. K. Eticha, ve Y. Akgül, “The Effect of Short Carbon Fiber and Hydrothermal Carbon Content on Impact and Wear Properties of Epoxy Composites”, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, c. 11, sy. 1, ss. 65–73, 2024, doi: 10.31202/ecjse.1333217.
Creative Commons License El-Cezeri is licensed to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license.
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