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Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 436 - 452, 27.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1688815

Öz

This article uses Soner Aydoğan’s The Metaverse and Ernest Cline’s Ready Player Two to explore the applicability of Manuel Castells’ Network Society framework to contemporary dystopian literature. It examines how the metaverse and telepresence technologies are represented in these novels as ingredients in a digital social order characterized by decentralized digital communication and transformed social relationships. The paper adopts a comparative literary approach to analyze virtual reality and networked space, focusing on their impact on social structures, power dynamics, and notions of subjectivity. The study shows how Castells’ theory of The Network Society is implicit in both novels. The findings demonstrate how digital networks can be both a resource for connection and a wellspring of alienation. The study says that dystopian fiction offers a critical reflection of the social consequences of new technologies, and explores how tech, community and identity are changing in the internet age.

Kaynakça

  • Ali, M., Naeem, F., Kaddoum, G., & Hossain, E. (2024). Metaverse communications, networking, security, and applications: Research issues, state-of-the-art, and future directions. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3347172
  • Aydoğan, S. (2020). The metaverse. Cinius Yayınları.
  • Bhattacharya, P., Saraswat, D., Savaliya, D., Sanghavi, S., Verma, A., Sakariya, V., Tanwar, S., Sharma, R., Raboaca, M. S., & Manea, D. L. (2023). Towards future internet: The Metaverse perspective for diverse industrial applications. Mathematics, 11(4), Article 941. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11040941
  • Cline, E. (2020). Ready player two. New York: Ballantine Books.
  • Castells, M. (1997). An introduction to the information age. City, 7(1), 6-16.
  • Castells, M. (1996). The Rise of the Network Society. Blackwell.
  • Castells, M. (1999). Information technology, globalization and social development (UNRISD Discussion Paper No. 114). United Nations Research Institute for Social Development. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/297234
  • Castells, M. (1999a). Flows, networks, and identities: A critical theory of the informational society. Critical education in the new information age, 37-64.
  • Castells, M. (2000). The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture. Blackwell.
  • Castells, M. (2000a). Toward a sociology of the network society. Contemporary sociology, 29(5), 693-699.
  • Castells, M. (2000b). Materials for an exploratory theory of the network society1. The British journal of sociology, 51(1), 5-24.
  • Castells, M. (2004). Informationalism, networks, and the network society: A theoretical blueprint. In M. Castells (Ed.), The network society: A cross-cultural perspective (pp. 3-45). Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Castells, M. (2007). Communication, power and counter-power in the network society. International journal of communication, 1(1), 29.
  • Castells, M. (2008) Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür. Birinci Cilt. Ağ Toplumunun Yükselişi (E. Kılınç, Çev.). (2.bs.). İstanbul: Bilgi Ünv. Yayınları.
  • Castells, M. (2010). The rise of the network society (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Baabdullah, A. M., Ribeiro-Navarrete, S., Giannakis, M., Al-Debei, M. M., Dennehy, D., Metri, B., Buhalis, D., Cheung, C. M. K., Conboy, K., Doyle, R., Dubey, R., Dutot, V., Felix, R., Goyal, D. P., Gustafsson, A., Hinsch, C., Jebabli, I., ... Wamba, S. F. (2022). Metaverse beyond the hype: Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 66, Article 102542, p. 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102542
  • Fadzli, F. E., Ismail, A. W., Aladin, M. Y., ve Othman, N. Z. (2020). A Review of Mixed Reality Telepresence. 2nd Joint Conference on Green Engineering Technology ve Applied Computing 2020. Bangkok, Thailand: IOP Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/864/1/012081
  • Faiola, A., & Smyslova, O. (2009). Flow experience in Second Life: The impact of telepresence on human-computer interaction. In A. A. Ozok & P. Zaphiris (Eds.), Online communities and social computing (pp. 574–583). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02774-1_62
  • Fernández-Berceruelo, S., Fernández-Caramés, T. M., & Fraga-Lamas, P. (2025). Metaverse, blockchain and ledger technologies: A systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology, 171, Article 107701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2025.107701
  • Kara, P. A., Tamboli, R. R., Adhikarla, V. K., Balogh, T., Guindy, M., & Simon, A. (2023). Connected without disconnection: Overview of light field metaverse applications and their quality of experience. Displays, 78, Article 102430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2023.102430
  • Li, K., Cui, Y., Li, W., Lv, T., Yuan, X., Li, S., Ni, W., Simsek, M., & Dressler, F. (2022). When Internet of Things meets Metaverse: Convergence of physical and cyber worlds. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 10(5), 4148–4173. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2022.3232845
  • Minsky, M. (2024, 08 27). Telepresence. OMNI Magazine. https://web.mit.edu/dxh/www/marvin/web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/papers/Telepresence.html
  • Mystakidis, S. (2022). Metaverse. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 486–497. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010031 Ozdemir, H. (2024). Metaverse ve edebî mekân poetikası: Anlatı sanatında dijital evren ve mekansal dönüşüm. İstanbul: Günce Yayınları.
  • Sheridan, T. B. (1992). Musings on telepresence and virtual presence. Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, 1(1), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.1992.1.1.120

Castells’in Ağ Toplumu: Ready Player Two ve The Metaverse’te Metaverse ve Telebulunma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 436 - 452, 27.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1688815

Öz

Bu çalışma, çağdaş distopik edebiyatın incelenmesinde Manuel Castells’in Ağ Toplumu paradigmasının geçerliliğini, özellikle Soner Aydoğan’ın The Metaverse ve Ernest Cline’ın Ready Player Two adlı eserleri odağa alarak araştırmaktadır. Her iki eserde de metaverse ve telebulunma teknolojilerinin, merkezsizleşmiş dijital iletişim ve dönüşen toplumsal yapılarla karakterize edilen ağ temelli bir toplumsal düzenin temel bileşenleri olarak nasıl temsil edildiği incelenmektedir. Karşılaştırmalı edebi analiz yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma, sanal gerçeklik ve birbirine bağlı dijital ağların romanlardaki temsillerini, sosyal ilişkiler, güç dinamikleri ve kimlik üzerindeki etkilerine odaklanarak ele almaktadır. Araştırma, Castells’in Ağ Toplumu’na dair kavramsal çerçevesinin her iki eserde de yansıma bulduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, dijital ağların hem bağlantı kurma aracı hem de yabancılaştırıcı bir unsur olabileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, distopik kurmacanın, yeni teknolojilerin toplumsal sonuçlarını değerlendirmede eleştirel bir bakış sunduğunu ve dijital çağda teknoloji, topluluk ve kimlik arasındaki dönüşen ilişkilere ışık tuttuğunu ileri sürmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Ali, M., Naeem, F., Kaddoum, G., & Hossain, E. (2024). Metaverse communications, networking, security, and applications: Research issues, state-of-the-art, and future directions. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3347172
  • Aydoğan, S. (2020). The metaverse. Cinius Yayınları.
  • Bhattacharya, P., Saraswat, D., Savaliya, D., Sanghavi, S., Verma, A., Sakariya, V., Tanwar, S., Sharma, R., Raboaca, M. S., & Manea, D. L. (2023). Towards future internet: The Metaverse perspective for diverse industrial applications. Mathematics, 11(4), Article 941. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11040941
  • Cline, E. (2020). Ready player two. New York: Ballantine Books.
  • Castells, M. (1997). An introduction to the information age. City, 7(1), 6-16.
  • Castells, M. (1996). The Rise of the Network Society. Blackwell.
  • Castells, M. (1999). Information technology, globalization and social development (UNRISD Discussion Paper No. 114). United Nations Research Institute for Social Development. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/297234
  • Castells, M. (1999a). Flows, networks, and identities: A critical theory of the informational society. Critical education in the new information age, 37-64.
  • Castells, M. (2000). The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture. Blackwell.
  • Castells, M. (2000a). Toward a sociology of the network society. Contemporary sociology, 29(5), 693-699.
  • Castells, M. (2000b). Materials for an exploratory theory of the network society1. The British journal of sociology, 51(1), 5-24.
  • Castells, M. (2004). Informationalism, networks, and the network society: A theoretical blueprint. In M. Castells (Ed.), The network society: A cross-cultural perspective (pp. 3-45). Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Castells, M. (2007). Communication, power and counter-power in the network society. International journal of communication, 1(1), 29.
  • Castells, M. (2008) Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür. Birinci Cilt. Ağ Toplumunun Yükselişi (E. Kılınç, Çev.). (2.bs.). İstanbul: Bilgi Ünv. Yayınları.
  • Castells, M. (2010). The rise of the network society (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Baabdullah, A. M., Ribeiro-Navarrete, S., Giannakis, M., Al-Debei, M. M., Dennehy, D., Metri, B., Buhalis, D., Cheung, C. M. K., Conboy, K., Doyle, R., Dubey, R., Dutot, V., Felix, R., Goyal, D. P., Gustafsson, A., Hinsch, C., Jebabli, I., ... Wamba, S. F. (2022). Metaverse beyond the hype: Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 66, Article 102542, p. 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102542
  • Fadzli, F. E., Ismail, A. W., Aladin, M. Y., ve Othman, N. Z. (2020). A Review of Mixed Reality Telepresence. 2nd Joint Conference on Green Engineering Technology ve Applied Computing 2020. Bangkok, Thailand: IOP Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/864/1/012081
  • Faiola, A., & Smyslova, O. (2009). Flow experience in Second Life: The impact of telepresence on human-computer interaction. In A. A. Ozok & P. Zaphiris (Eds.), Online communities and social computing (pp. 574–583). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02774-1_62
  • Fernández-Berceruelo, S., Fernández-Caramés, T. M., & Fraga-Lamas, P. (2025). Metaverse, blockchain and ledger technologies: A systematic literature review. Information and Software Technology, 171, Article 107701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2025.107701
  • Kara, P. A., Tamboli, R. R., Adhikarla, V. K., Balogh, T., Guindy, M., & Simon, A. (2023). Connected without disconnection: Overview of light field metaverse applications and their quality of experience. Displays, 78, Article 102430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2023.102430
  • Li, K., Cui, Y., Li, W., Lv, T., Yuan, X., Li, S., Ni, W., Simsek, M., & Dressler, F. (2022). When Internet of Things meets Metaverse: Convergence of physical and cyber worlds. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 10(5), 4148–4173. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2022.3232845
  • Minsky, M. (2024, 08 27). Telepresence. OMNI Magazine. https://web.mit.edu/dxh/www/marvin/web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/papers/Telepresence.html
  • Mystakidis, S. (2022). Metaverse. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 486–497. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010031 Ozdemir, H. (2024). Metaverse ve edebî mekân poetikası: Anlatı sanatında dijital evren ve mekansal dönüşüm. İstanbul: Günce Yayınları.
  • Sheridan, T. B. (1992). Musings on telepresence and virtual presence. Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments, 1(1), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.1992.1.1.120
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Edebi Teori, Karşılaştırmalı ve Ulusötesi Edebiyat
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ
Yazarlar

Halil Özdemir 0000-0003-0935-9047

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Ekim 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 19 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özdemir, H. (2025). Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi, 9(2), 436-452. https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1688815
AMA Özdemir H. Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse. EEDER. Ekim 2025;9(2):436-452. doi:10.31465/eeder.1688815
Chicago Özdemir, Halil. “Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse”. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi 9, sy. 2 (Ekim 2025): 436-52. https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1688815.
EndNote Özdemir H (01 Ekim 2025) Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi 9 2 436–452.
IEEE H. Özdemir, “Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse”, EEDER, c. 9, sy. 2, ss. 436–452, 2025, doi: 10.31465/eeder.1688815.
ISNAD Özdemir, Halil. “Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse”. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi 9/2 (Ekim2025), 436-452. https://doi.org/10.31465/eeder.1688815.
JAMA Özdemir H. Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse. EEDER. 2025;9:436–452.
MLA Özdemir, Halil. “Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse”. Edebi Eleştiri Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 2, 2025, ss. 436-52, doi:10.31465/eeder.1688815.
Vancouver Özdemir H. Navigating the Castells’ Network Society: Metaverse and Telepresence in Ready Player Two and The Metaverse. EEDER. 2025;9(2):436-52.

DERGİPARK bünyesinde faaliyet gösteren Edebî Eleştiri Dergisi (Journal of Literary Criticism) hakemli ve bilimsel bir dergidir. Dergimiz, hem ulusal ölçekli TR DİZİN'de hem de uluslararası ölçekli MLA'da taranmaktadır.