Araştırma Makalesi
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Hemşirelerin İlaç Uygulama Hataları, Nedenleri ve Hata Raporlamada Algıladıkları Engeller

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 3, 481 - 489, 25.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1483709
https://izlik.org/JA59HZ29FB

Öz

Hemşirelerin Yaptıkları İlaç Uygulama Hataları, Nedenleri ve Hata Raporlamada Algıladıkları Engeller: Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi Örneği
ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışma hemşirelerin sıklıkla yaptıkları ilaç uygulama hataları, nedenleri, hataya katkıda bulunan faktörleri, hata raporlama oranlarını ve raporlamada algılanan engelleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte kesitsel olarak uygulanan çalışma 1 Ekim - 30 Kasım 2023 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bulunan bir ile bağlı iki devlet hastanesinde 230 hemşire ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler yüz yüze tek bir form ile toplanmıştır. Literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan formda hemşirelerin tanıtıcı özellikleri, ilaç hatası yapma ve hata raporlama durumlarına yönelik sorular yer almaktadır. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin yaş ortalamasının 29.69±3.92 yıl ve deneyim sürelerinin ortalama 6.24±3.46 yıl olduğu hesaplanmıştır. Hemşirelerin %13.5’inin meslek yaşantısı boyunca en az bir defa ilaç hatası yaptığı, hata yapan hemşirelerin %96.8’inin yapılan hatayı raporlamadıkları saptanmıştır. Hemşirelerin hata raporlanmasına ilişkin algıladıkları engellerin başında “Yönetimin ilaç hatasının sistem faktörlerinden ziyade bireysel faktörlerden kaynaklandığına inanması”, “Yapılan hatanın hastaya zarar vermemesi” ve “Yapılan ilaç hatası sonucunda suçlanma” nedenleri yer almaktadır.
Sonuç: Hemşirelerin bildirdikleri ve raporladıkları ilaç hata oranlarının literatürdeki benzer çalışmalara oranla düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin ilaç hatalarına ilişkin bilgi ve farkındalığını artırmaya yönelik sürekli eğitim programları tasarlanmalıdır. Ayrıca hataların rapor edilmesine yönelik etkili ve cezalandırıcı olmayan anonim hata raporlama sisteminin kurulması tıbbi hata raporlama oranlarında iyileşmeyi destekleyerek pozitif kurum kültürü oluşumunu sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar kelimeler: Hemşirelik, Hasta güvenliği, İlaç hataları, İlaç hatası raporlama, Raporlamada engeller.

Etik Beyan

Araştırmanın yürütülebilmesi için Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan 28.11.2023 tarihli 2023/11-10 karar sayılı etik kurul izni ve araştırmanın yürütüleceği hastanelerin bağlı olduğu İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü’nden 01.12.2023 tarihli ve E-35694300-449-230481031 sayılı kurum izni yazılı olarak alınmıştır. Araştırma Helsinki Deklarasyonuna uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Tüm katılımcıların gönüllü katılım ilkesi doğrultusunda sözlü olarak bilgilendirilmiş onamları alınmıştır.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden tüm hemşirelere destekleri için teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Abdalla, E. A., Abdoon, I. H., Osman, B., Osman, W. J. A., & Mohamed, E. M. (2020). Perception of medication errors’ causes and reporting among Sudanese nurses in teaching hospitals. Applied nursing research: ANR, 51, 151207. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2019.151207
  • Almazrou, D., Egunsola, O., Ali, S., & Bagalb, A. (2021). Medication Misadventures Among COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 13(6), e15513. doi:10.7759/cureus.15513
  • Al-Mugheed, K., Bayraktar, N., Al-Bsheish, M., AlSyouf, A., Jarrar, M., AlBaker, W., & Aldhmadi, B. K. (2022). Patient Safety Attitudes among Doctors and Nurses: Associations with Workload, Adverse Events, Experience. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 10(4), 631. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040631
  • Al-Worafi, Y. M. (2020). Medication errors. In Drug safety in developing countries (pp. 59-71). Academic Press. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819837-7.00006-6.
  • Assiri, G. A., Shebl, N. A., Mahmoud, M. A., Aloudah, N., Grant, E., Aljadhey, H., & Sheikh, A. (2018). What is the epidemiology of medication errors, error-related adverse events and risk factors for errors in adults managed in community care contexts? A systematic review of the international literature. BMJ open, 8(5), e019101. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019101
  • Bell, T., Sprajcer, M., Flenady, T., & Sahay, A. (2023). Fatigue in nurses and medication administration errors: A scoping review. Journal of clinical nursing, 32(17-18), 5445–5460. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16620
  • Brabcová, I., Prokešová, R., Tóthová, V., Hajduchová, H., Chloubová, I., Neugebauer, H., ... & Kubešová, H. (2021). Use of FMEA analysis in nursing care risk management. Oncology, 15(4), 197-203. DOI: 10.36290/xon.2021.039
  • Brabcová, I., Hajduchová, H., Tóthová, V., Chloubová, I., Červený, M., Prokešová, R., Malý, J., Vlček, J., Doseděl, M., Malá-Ládová, K., Tesař, O., & O’Hara, S. (2023). Reasons for medication administration errors, barriers to reporting them and the number of reported medication administration errors from the perspective of nurses: A cross-sectional survey. Nurse education in practice, 70, 103642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103642
  • Cavell, G. F., & Mandaliya, D. (2021). Magnitude of error: a review of wrong dose medication incidents reported to a UK hospital voluntary incident reporting system. European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice, 28(5), 260–265. https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2019-001987
  • Choo, J., Johnston, L., & Manias, E. (2013). Nurses’ medication administration practices at two Singaporean acute care hospitals. Nursing & health sciences, 15(1), 101–108. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2018.2012.00706.x
  • Chua, S. S., Chua, H. M., & Omar, A. (2010). Drug administration errors in paediatric wards: a direct observation approach. European journal of pediatrics, 169(5), 603–611. doi: 10.1007/s00431-009-1084-z
  • Escrivá Gracia, J., Brage Serrano, R., & Fernández Garrido, J. (2019). Medication errors and drug knowledge gaps among critical-care nurses: a mixed multi-method study. BMC health services research, 19(1), 640. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4481-7
  • Feleke, S. A., Mulatu, M. A., & Yesmaw, Y. S. (2015). Medication administration error: magnitude and associated factors among nurses in Ethiopia. BMC nursing, 14, 53. doi: 10.1186/s12912-015-0099-1
  • Ferrah, N., Lovell, J. J., & Ibrahim, J. E. (2017). Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Medication Errors Resulting in Hospitalization and Death of Nursing Home Residents. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 65(2), 433–442. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14683
  • Güneş, Ü., Baran, L., & Ceylan, B. (2020). Medication administration error reporting rate and perceived barriers among nurses in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Health Science and Life, 3(3), 26-32. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1246596
  • Hewitt, J., Tower, M., & Latimer, S. (2015). An education intervention to improve nursing students’ understanding of medication safety. Nurse education in practice, 15(1), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2014.11.001
  • Kelağalar, E., & Özlem, D. (2022). Klinik hemşirelerin ilaç uygulamaları ve hatalarına yönelik güncel bilgi durumu ve tutumlarının incelenmesi. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 11(1):114-121. doi: 10.53424/balikesirsbd.953292
  • Kim, P. C., Shen, J. J., Angosta, A. D., Frakes, K., & Li, C. (2018). Errors associated with the rights of medication administration at hospital settings. Journal of Hospital and Healthcare Administration. doi: 10.29011/JHHA-111. 000011
  • Mansouri, S. F., Mohammadi, T. K., Adib, M., Lili, E. K., & Soodmand, M. (2019). Barriers to nurses reporting errors and adverse events. British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing), 28(11), 690–695. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2019.28.11.690
  • Nguyen, H. T., Nguyen, T. D., Haaijer-Ruskamp, F. M., & Taxis, K. (2014). Errors in preparation and administration of insulin in two urban Vietnamese hospitals: an observational study. Nursing research, 63(1), 68–72. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000010
  • Qedan, R. I., Daibes, M. A., Al-Jabi, S. W., Koni, A. A., & Zyoud, S. H. (2022). Nurses’ knowledge and understanding of obstacles encountered them when administering resuscitation medications: a cross-sectional study from Palestine. BMC nursing, 21(1), 116. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-00895-1
  • Raja, Badil, Ali, S., & Sherali, S. (2019). Association of medication administration errors with interruption among nurses in public sector tertiary care hospitals. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 35(5), 1318–1321. doi: 10.12669/pjms.35.5.287
  • Salmasi, S., Khan, T. M., Hong, Y. H., Ming, L. C., & Wong, T. W. (2015). Medication Errors in the Southeast Asian Countries: A Systematic Review. PloS one, 10(9), e0136545. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136545
  • Sears, K., O’Brien-Pallas, L., Stevens, B., & Murphy, G. T. (2016). The Relationship Between Nursing Experience and Education and the Occurrence of Reported Pediatric Medication Administration Errors. Journal of pediatric nursing, 31(4), e283–e290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2016.01.003
  • Thomas, B., Paudyal, V., MacLure, K., Pallivalapila, A., McLay, J., El Kassem, W., Al Hail, M., & Stewart, D. (2019). Medication errors in hospitals in the Middle East: a systematic review of prevalence, nature, severity and contributory factors. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 75(9), 1269–1282. doi: 10.1007/s00228-019-02689-y
  • Tsegaye, D., Alem, G., Tessema, Z., & Alebachew, W. (2020). Medication Administration Errors and Associated Factors Among Nurses. International journal of general medicine, 13, 1621–1632. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S289452
  • Uzuntarla, E., & Büyük, E. T. (2021). Hemşirelerin ilaç uygulama hata deneyimleri ile ilaç hata nedenlerine yönelik algıları. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 6(3):641-654. doi: 10.47115/jshs.1001431
  • Wondmieneh, A., Alemu, W., Tadele, N., & Demis, A. (2020). Medication administration errors and contributing factors among nurses: a cross sectional study in tertiary hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC nursing, 19, 4. doi: 10.1186/s12912-020-0397-0

Nurses' Medication Administration Errors, Their Causes, and Perceived Barriers in Error Reporting

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 3, 481 - 489, 25.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1483709
https://izlik.org/JA59HZ29FB

Öz

Nurses' Medication Administration Errors, Their Causes and Barriers Perceived in Error Reporting: The Case of Eastern Anatolia Region
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to identify nurses' common medication administration errors, their causes, contributing factors, reporting rates, and barriers to reporting.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between October 1 and November 30, 2023 with 230 nurses in two state hospitals in a province in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Data were collected face-to-face with a single form. The form, based on literature, included questions on nurses' characteristics, medication errors, and reporting.
Results: Nurses had an average age of 29.69±3.92 years and mean experience of 6.24±3.46 years. 13.5% of nurses had made at least one medication error, and 96.8% of these errors were not reported. Nurses perceive barriers to reporting errors: Management believes errors are individual, not systemic; errors don't harm patients; fear of blame for errors.
Conclusion: The rates of medication errors reported by nurses were low compared to similar studies in the literature. Continuous education programs should be designed to increase nurses' knowledge and awareness of medication errors. In addition, the establishment of an effective and non-punitive anonymous error reporting system for reporting errors will support improvement in medical error reporting rates and ensure the formation of a positive institutional culture.

Keywords: Barriers in reporting, Medication errors, Medication error reporting, Nursing, Patient safety.

Kaynakça

  • Abdalla, E. A., Abdoon, I. H., Osman, B., Osman, W. J. A., & Mohamed, E. M. (2020). Perception of medication errors’ causes and reporting among Sudanese nurses in teaching hospitals. Applied nursing research: ANR, 51, 151207. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2019.151207
  • Almazrou, D., Egunsola, O., Ali, S., & Bagalb, A. (2021). Medication Misadventures Among COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia. Cureus, 13(6), e15513. doi:10.7759/cureus.15513
  • Al-Mugheed, K., Bayraktar, N., Al-Bsheish, M., AlSyouf, A., Jarrar, M., AlBaker, W., & Aldhmadi, B. K. (2022). Patient Safety Attitudes among Doctors and Nurses: Associations with Workload, Adverse Events, Experience. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 10(4), 631. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040631
  • Al-Worafi, Y. M. (2020). Medication errors. In Drug safety in developing countries (pp. 59-71). Academic Press. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-819837-7.00006-6.
  • Assiri, G. A., Shebl, N. A., Mahmoud, M. A., Aloudah, N., Grant, E., Aljadhey, H., & Sheikh, A. (2018). What is the epidemiology of medication errors, error-related adverse events and risk factors for errors in adults managed in community care contexts? A systematic review of the international literature. BMJ open, 8(5), e019101. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019101
  • Bell, T., Sprajcer, M., Flenady, T., & Sahay, A. (2023). Fatigue in nurses and medication administration errors: A scoping review. Journal of clinical nursing, 32(17-18), 5445–5460. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.16620
  • Brabcová, I., Prokešová, R., Tóthová, V., Hajduchová, H., Chloubová, I., Neugebauer, H., ... & Kubešová, H. (2021). Use of FMEA analysis in nursing care risk management. Oncology, 15(4), 197-203. DOI: 10.36290/xon.2021.039
  • Brabcová, I., Hajduchová, H., Tóthová, V., Chloubová, I., Červený, M., Prokešová, R., Malý, J., Vlček, J., Doseděl, M., Malá-Ládová, K., Tesař, O., & O’Hara, S. (2023). Reasons for medication administration errors, barriers to reporting them and the number of reported medication administration errors from the perspective of nurses: A cross-sectional survey. Nurse education in practice, 70, 103642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103642
  • Cavell, G. F., & Mandaliya, D. (2021). Magnitude of error: a review of wrong dose medication incidents reported to a UK hospital voluntary incident reporting system. European journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice, 28(5), 260–265. https://doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2019-001987
  • Choo, J., Johnston, L., & Manias, E. (2013). Nurses’ medication administration practices at two Singaporean acute care hospitals. Nursing & health sciences, 15(1), 101–108. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2018.2012.00706.x
  • Chua, S. S., Chua, H. M., & Omar, A. (2010). Drug administration errors in paediatric wards: a direct observation approach. European journal of pediatrics, 169(5), 603–611. doi: 10.1007/s00431-009-1084-z
  • Escrivá Gracia, J., Brage Serrano, R., & Fernández Garrido, J. (2019). Medication errors and drug knowledge gaps among critical-care nurses: a mixed multi-method study. BMC health services research, 19(1), 640. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4481-7
  • Feleke, S. A., Mulatu, M. A., & Yesmaw, Y. S. (2015). Medication administration error: magnitude and associated factors among nurses in Ethiopia. BMC nursing, 14, 53. doi: 10.1186/s12912-015-0099-1
  • Ferrah, N., Lovell, J. J., & Ibrahim, J. E. (2017). Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Medication Errors Resulting in Hospitalization and Death of Nursing Home Residents. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 65(2), 433–442. doi: 10.1111/jgs.14683
  • Güneş, Ü., Baran, L., & Ceylan, B. (2020). Medication administration error reporting rate and perceived barriers among nurses in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Health Science and Life, 3(3), 26-32. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1246596
  • Hewitt, J., Tower, M., & Latimer, S. (2015). An education intervention to improve nursing students’ understanding of medication safety. Nurse education in practice, 15(1), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2014.11.001
  • Kelağalar, E., & Özlem, D. (2022). Klinik hemşirelerin ilaç uygulamaları ve hatalarına yönelik güncel bilgi durumu ve tutumlarının incelenmesi. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 11(1):114-121. doi: 10.53424/balikesirsbd.953292
  • Kim, P. C., Shen, J. J., Angosta, A. D., Frakes, K., & Li, C. (2018). Errors associated with the rights of medication administration at hospital settings. Journal of Hospital and Healthcare Administration. doi: 10.29011/JHHA-111. 000011
  • Mansouri, S. F., Mohammadi, T. K., Adib, M., Lili, E. K., & Soodmand, M. (2019). Barriers to nurses reporting errors and adverse events. British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing), 28(11), 690–695. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2019.28.11.690
  • Nguyen, H. T., Nguyen, T. D., Haaijer-Ruskamp, F. M., & Taxis, K. (2014). Errors in preparation and administration of insulin in two urban Vietnamese hospitals: an observational study. Nursing research, 63(1), 68–72. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000010
  • Qedan, R. I., Daibes, M. A., Al-Jabi, S. W., Koni, A. A., & Zyoud, S. H. (2022). Nurses’ knowledge and understanding of obstacles encountered them when administering resuscitation medications: a cross-sectional study from Palestine. BMC nursing, 21(1), 116. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-00895-1
  • Raja, Badil, Ali, S., & Sherali, S. (2019). Association of medication administration errors with interruption among nurses in public sector tertiary care hospitals. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 35(5), 1318–1321. doi: 10.12669/pjms.35.5.287
  • Salmasi, S., Khan, T. M., Hong, Y. H., Ming, L. C., & Wong, T. W. (2015). Medication Errors in the Southeast Asian Countries: A Systematic Review. PloS one, 10(9), e0136545. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136545
  • Sears, K., O’Brien-Pallas, L., Stevens, B., & Murphy, G. T. (2016). The Relationship Between Nursing Experience and Education and the Occurrence of Reported Pediatric Medication Administration Errors. Journal of pediatric nursing, 31(4), e283–e290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2016.01.003
  • Thomas, B., Paudyal, V., MacLure, K., Pallivalapila, A., McLay, J., El Kassem, W., Al Hail, M., & Stewart, D. (2019). Medication errors in hospitals in the Middle East: a systematic review of prevalence, nature, severity and contributory factors. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 75(9), 1269–1282. doi: 10.1007/s00228-019-02689-y
  • Tsegaye, D., Alem, G., Tessema, Z., & Alebachew, W. (2020). Medication Administration Errors and Associated Factors Among Nurses. International journal of general medicine, 13, 1621–1632. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S289452
  • Uzuntarla, E., & Büyük, E. T. (2021). Hemşirelerin ilaç uygulama hata deneyimleri ile ilaç hata nedenlerine yönelik algıları. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 6(3):641-654. doi: 10.47115/jshs.1001431
  • Wondmieneh, A., Alemu, W., Tadele, N., & Demis, A. (2020). Medication administration errors and contributing factors among nurses: a cross sectional study in tertiary hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC nursing, 19, 4. doi: 10.1186/s12912-020-0397-0
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hemşirelik Esasları, Hemşirelikte Yönetim
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Leyla Baran 0000-0001-7881-8556

Bilal Baykal 0009-0003-1411-9635

Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Nisan 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1483709
IZ https://izlik.org/JA59HZ29FB
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 41 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Baran, L., & Baykal, B. (2025). Hemşirelerin İlaç Uygulama Hataları, Nedenleri ve Hata Raporlamada Algıladıkları Engeller. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 41(3), 481-489. https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1483709