Ameliyat Olan Hastaların Taburculuğa Hazır Olma Durumları ve Öğrenim Gereksinimlerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Ameliyat Olan Hastaların Taburculuğa Hazır Olma Durumları ve Öğrenim Gereksinimlerinin İncelenmesi ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmada ameliyat olan hastaların taburculuğa hazır olma durumları ve öğrenim gereksinimlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinin genel cerrahi kliniğinde Nisan–Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında ameliyat geçiren 116 hasta ile yürütüldü. Veriler; Hasta Tanıtım Formu, Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği ve Hastane Taburculuğuna Hazır Oluşluk Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. İstatistiksel analizlerde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanıldı. Araştırma için üniversite hastanesinin Tıbbi Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alındı, çalışmaya katılan tüm hastalardan yazılı onam alındı. Bulgular: Hastaların PLNS toplam puan ortalaması 225.38±29.42, memnuniyet puanı ortalaması ise 188.85±52.56 olarak saptandı. RHDS madde puanı ortalaması 7.50±1.70’tir. İki ölçek arasında anlamlı ve pozitif yönde bir korelasyon belirlendi (r=0.447, p<0.001). Cinsiyet, taburculuk eğitimi alma durumu ve taburculuk eğitimini yeterli bulma durumuna göre RHDS puanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05). Bu sonuçlar, kişiye özgü eğitim uygulamalarının hastaların özgüvenini ve taburculuğa hazırlık düzeylerini artırmada önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç: Çalışmada, hastaların öğrenim gereksinimlerinin yüksek olduğu ancak büyük ölçüde karşılandığı, taburculuğa hazır olma düzeyleri ise orta seviyede bulunduğu belirlendi. Hastaların öğrenim gereksinimleri karşılandıkça, taburculuğa hazır olma düzeylerinin arttığı görüldü. Bireysel öğrenim gereksinimlerine uygun şekilde planlanmış taburculuk eğitiminin, hastaların hazırlık düzeyini ve taburculuk sonrası sonuçlarını iyileştirebileceği düşünülmektedir. Cerrahi hastalara klinik ortamlarda, bireysel özellikleri göz önünde bulundurularak planlı taburculuk eğitimi verilmesi ve bu eğitimin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi önerilmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Cerrahi işlemler; taburculuk planlaması; hasta eğitimi; postoperatif bakım; hasta merkezli bakım.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cerrahi işlemler
• taburculuk planlaması
• hasta eğitimi
• postoperatif bakım
• hasta merkezli bakım

Investigation of the Readiness for Discharge and Learning Needs of Patients Undergoing Surgery

Öz

Investigation of the Readiness for Discharge and Learning Needs of Patients Undergoing Surgery ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to examine the readiness for discharge and educational needs of patients who have undergone surgery. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 116 patients who underwent surgery in the general surgery clinic of a university hospital between April and December 2023. Data were collected using the Patient Introduction Form, the Patient Learning Needs Scale (PLNS), and the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS). Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Research Ethics Committee of the university hospital, and written consent was obtained from all participants prior to the study. Results: The mean total score of the PLNS was 225.38±29.42, and the mean score of the patients' satisfaction was 188.85±52.56. The mean score of the patients' RHDS items was 7.50±1.70. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the two scales (r: 0.447, p<0.001). Statistically significant differences was found between the RHSD scores according to gender, status of receiving discharge education and finding discharge education adequate (p<0.05). These results highlight the importance of personalized education in enhancing patients' confidence and preparedness for discharge. Conclusion: The study found that patients had high learning needs, which were mostly met, while their readiness for discharge was at a moderate level. As their learning needs were addressed, their readiness for discharge improved. Tailored discharge education, aligned with individual learning needs, may improve patients' preparedness and post-discharge outcomes. It is recommended that planned discharge education be provided to surgical patients in clinical settings, considering their individual characteristics, and that its effectiveness be evaluated. Keywords: Surgical procedures; discharge planning; patient education; post-operative care; patient-centered care.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Surgical procedures
• discharge planning
• patient education
• post-operative care
• patient-centered care

Kaynakça

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