COVID-19 Pandemi Döneminin Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinde İş Yaşamı Kalitesi, İş Yükü ve Tükenmişliğine Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 2, 207 - 216, 21.08.2023

Öznur Erbay Dallı Yasemin Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1155800

Öz

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında yoğun bakım hemşirelerinde iş yaşam kalitesi, iş yükü ve tükenmişliği incelemektir.
Yöntem: Kesitsel türdeki araştırmanın verileri çevrimiçi anket ile toplanmıştır. Veriler Hemşire Tanıtım Formu, Hemşirelik İş Yaşamı Kalitesi Ölçeği (QNWLS), Revize Bireysel İş Yükü Algı Ölçeği (IWPS-R) ve Tükenmişlik Ölçeği-Kısa Formu (BMS) ile toplanmıştır. Pandeminin etkisinin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için hemşirelerden (1) pandemi öncesi ve (2) pandemi dönemindeki çalışma koşulları/ortamı dikkate alınarak bu ölçeklerdeki soruları iki kez değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya 249 hemşire dahil edildi. İş Yaşamı Kalitesi, İş Yükü ve Tükenmişlik ölçeklerinin genel ve alt ölçek toplam puanları, pandemi döneminde pandemi öncesine kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha düşüktü (QNWLS için 128.12±10.86 puana karşı 71.46±7.37 puan; IWPS-R için 101.93±8.98 puana karşı 101.93±8.98; BMS için 20.93±2.03 puana karşı 56.02±2.46 puan, tüm karşılaştırmalarda P = .001). Hemşirelerin iş yükü ve tükenmişlik düzeyi ile pandemi yoğun bakım ünitesindeki ortalama çalışma saatleri, haftalık çalışma saatleri ve hemşire:hasta oranı arasında anlamlı ilişki saptandı (P < .05).
Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisi, pandemi öncesi döneme göre yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin daha fazla iş yükü ve tükenmişlik yaşamasına ve iş yaşam kalitesinin daha düşük olmasına neden olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, iş yaşamı kalitesi, iş yükü, tükenmişlik

The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Quality of Work Life, Workload, and Burnout in Intensive Care Nurses

Öz

Objective: To examine the quality of work-life, workload, and burnout in ICU nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey.
Methods: Cross-sectional online survey study conducted. The data were collected with the Nurse Information Form, Quality of Nursing Work Life Scale (QNWLS), Individual Workload Perception Scale-Revised (IWPS-R), and Burnout Measure-Short version (BMS). For a better understanding of the impact of the pandemic, nurses were asked to evaluate the questions on these scales twice, taking into account the working conditions/environment in the (1) pre-pandemic and (2) pandemic periods.
Results: A total of 249 nurses were included. Total and subscales of QNWLS, IWPS-R and BMS scores indicated significantly lower quality of work life, high workload and burnout during the pandemic period compared to pre-pandemic (128.12±10.86 vs. 71.46±7.37 points for QNWLS; 101.93±8.98 vs. 61.09±7.41 points for IWPS-R; 20.93±2.03 vs. 56.02±2.46 points for BMS; p=0.001 for all). A significant correlation was found between nurses' workload and burnout level and their work hours in the pandemic ICU, weekly work hours, and the nurse:patient ratio (p<0.05)
Conclusion: The COVID-19 caused ICU nurses to have higher workload and burnout and lower quality of work-life compared to the pre-pandemic period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, quality of work life, workload, burnout

Kaynakça

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