Böbrek ve Karaciğer Nakli Olan Hastalarda Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 1, 1 - 10, 26.04.2024

Özkan Uğuz , Satı Doğan , Gülseren Keskin

https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1124726

Öz

Amaç: Organ nakli alıcıları, nakil işleminden önce ve sonra birçok psikososyal sorun yaşarlar. Psikolojik dayanıklılık, bu sorunlarla etkili bir şekilde başa çıkmada önemli bir faktördür. Bu çalışma, böbrek ve karaciğer nakli olan hastalarda psikolojik dayanıklılık düzeylerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışmada Temmuz-Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında organ nakli yapılan ve özel bir hastanede tutulan ve poliklinikte takip edilen 114 hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Yetişkinler İçin Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği (PSA) araştırma verilerinin elde edilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Veriler, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımsız örnekler t testleri ve tek yönlü ANOVA testleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan hastaların yaş ortalaması 45.06±12.03 olarak bulunmuştur. Hastaların %59,6'sı erkek, %78,9'u evli, %33,3'ü emekli, %53,5'i ilkokul mezunuydu. Hastaların %53,5'ine böbrek nakli, %63,2'sine son 1 yıl içinde nakil yapılmıştır. Hastaların psikolojik dayanıklılık ölçeği puan ortalamaları 121.14±8.09’dur. Hastaların cinsiyet, medeni durum, eğitim durum, ekonomik durum ve hastalık süresine göre psikolojik sağlamlık puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Organ nakli hastaları yüksek derecede psikolojik dayanıklılığa sahiptir. Ortalama psikolojik dayanıklılık puanları hastanın cinsiyeti, medeni durumu, eğitim durumu, ekonomik durumu ve hastalık süresi nedeniyle farklılık göstermiştir. Bu faktörlerin bilinmesi, hemşirelere yeterli psikososyal bakım sağlamada ve organ nakli hastalarını desteklemede rehberlik edecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dayanıklılık, psikolojik dayanıklılık, organ nakli

Evaluation of Psychological Resilience Levels in Patients with Kidney and Liver Transplantation

Öz

Objective: Organ transplant recipients experience many psychosocial problems before and after the transplant process. Psychological resilience is an important factor in coping effectively with these problems. This study aims to evaluate psychological resilience levels in kidney and liver transplant patients.
Method: This descriptive study was conducted on 114 patients admitted to a private hospital who underwent organ transplantation and were followed up in an outpatient clinic between July and September 2021. Study data were collected using a Personal İnformation Form and the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA). Data analysis used descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-tests, and one-way ANOVA.
Results: The mean age of the patients who participated in the study was 45.06±12.03. 59.6% of the patients were male, 78.9% were married, 33.3% were retired, and 53.5% were primary school graduates. 53.5% of the patients had a kidney transplant, and 63.2% were transplanted within the last 1 year. The mean scores of the psychological resilience scale of the patients were 121.14±8.09. There was a statistically significant difference in mean psychological resilience among patients by gender, marital status, educational status, economic status, and duration of illness (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Transplant patients have a high degree of psychological resilience. The mean resilience scores differed due to the patient's gender, marital status, educational status, economic status, and duration of illness. Knowing these factors will guide nurses in providing adequate psychosocial care and supporting organ transplant patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Resilience, psychological resilience, organ transplant

Kaynakça

• Annema, C. Roodbol, P. F.Stewart, R. E. Porte R. J. ve Ranchor, A. V. (2015). The prevalence of psychological problems and associated transplant-related variables at different time periods after liver transplantation. Liver Transplantation, 21(4), 524-538.
• Arrebola-Moreno M, Petrova D, Garrido D, Ramírez-Hernández JA, Catena A, Garcia-Retamero R. (2020). Psychosocial markers of pre-hospital decision delay and psychological distress in acute coronary syndrome patients. Br J Health Psychol. (2). 305-323. Doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12408. Epub 2020 Feb 17. PHID:32065483.
• Basım HN, Çetin F. (2011). Reliability and Validity Study of the Adult Resilience Scale. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry;22:104–14.
• Bektaş, M., Özben, Ş. (2016). Investigation of Psychological Resilience Levels of Married Individuals in Terms of Some Sociodemographic Variables. Celal Bayar University Journal of Social Sciences/Celal Bayar University Journal of Social Sciences, 14(1).
• Böell, J. E. W., Silva, D. M. G. V. da, Hegadoren, K. M., Böell, J. E. W., Silva, D. M. G. V. da, & Hegadoren, K. M. (2016). Sociodemographic Factors and Health Conditions Associated with the Resilience of People with Chronic Diseases: A cross-sectional Study. Revista LatinoAmericana de Enfermagem,
• Bülbül, A. (2015). Analysis and Comparison of Psychological Resilience Levels of Tennis and Basketball Athletes. (Unpublished Master Thesis). Gedik University, Istanbul.
• Cole M, Feild H, Harris S. (2004). Student learning motivation and psychological hardiness: Interactive effects on studentaction to a management class. AMLE; 3:64–85.
• Güngörmüş K., Okanlı A., Kocabeyoğlu T. (2015). Psychological Resilience of Nursing Students and Affecting Factors. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing.6(1),9-14.
• Güzel, S. (2018). GIncome Inequality, Welfare and Happiness. Anemon Mus Alparslan University Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3), 389-394.
• Hart A, Smith JM, Skeans MA, Gustafson SK, Stewart DE, Cherikh WS Et Al. (2017): OPTN/SRTR 2015 Annual Data Report: Kidney. Am J Transplant; 17:21-116.
• Kaçmaz, N., Ünsal Barlas, G. (2014). The Effect of Psychosocial Status of Liver Transplantation Patients and Their Relatives on Quality of Life, Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 5(1), 1-8.
• Karaırmak, Ö. (2006). Psychological Resilience, Risk Factors and Protective Factors. Turkish Journal of Psychological Counseling and Guidance, 3(26), 129–142.
• Karaırmak, Ö., Güloğlu, B. (2014), Explanation of Psychological Resilience According to Attachment Model in Adults Who Have Experienced Earthquake, Journal of Çukurova University Faculty of Education, 43 (2), 01–18.
• Kavi E, Karakale B. (2018). Resilience in Terms of Employee Psychology. Hak İş International Journal of Labor and Society 7(17): 55-77.
• Kayıkçıoğlu, M. (2010). Ischemic Heart Diseases in Women. Archive of the Turkish Society of Cardiology, 38(1), 41–49.
• Lee, S.-Y., Tung, H.-H., Peng, L.-N., Chen, L.-K., Hsu, C.-I., & Huang, Y.-L. (2020). Resilience among older cardiovascular disease patients with probable sarcopenia; Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 86, 103939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2019.103939.
• Liu, N., Liu, S., Yu, N., Peng, Y., Wen, Y., Tang, J., & Kong, L. (2018). Correlations among Psychological Resilience, Self-Efficacy, and Negative Emotion in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Frontiers in psychiatry, 9, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00001.
• Ma, L.-C., Chang, H.-J., Liu, Y.-M., Hsieh, H.-L., Lo, L., Lin, M.-Y., & Lu, K.-C. (2013). The Relationship between Health-Promoting behavior and Resilience in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease [Research Article]. The Scientific World Journal; Hindawi. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/124973.
• Mattei, G., Mascara, M., Balducci, J., Cavana, S., Cherubini, M., Piemonte, C., …Galeazzi, G. M. (2019). The stability of Psychiatric Diagnoses in Candidates to Liver Transplantation Referred to ConsultationLiaison Psychiatry Service. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(6), 800.
• Nouri-Saeed, A., Salari, A., Nouri-Saeed, A., Rouhi-Balasi, L., & Moaddab, F., (2015). Resilience and the associated factors in patients with coronary artery disease. JNMS. 2 (2) :23–28. URL: http://jnms.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-118-en.html.
• Özdemir, Ü., Taçıi, S. (2013). Psychosocial Problems and Care in Chronic Diseases Psychosocial Problems and Care of Chronic Disases. Journal of Erciyes University Faculty of Health Sciences Volume 1 Issue 1.
• Özşaker, E. (2014). Transplantation and Quality of Life. Balıkesır Health Sciences Journal, 3(3), 166–173.
• Perdeci Z, Ate MA, Algül A. (2012) Transplantation and Psychiatry. Nobel Medıcus; 8(1): 16.-23.
• Puspawatie, E., Prawesti, A., & Sutini, T. (2018). The Descrıptıon of resilience in Post-Acute Attack Patıent with Coronary Artery Dısease. Belitung Nursing Journal, 4(3), 312–322.
• Simpson G.K. Jones, K. (2012). How İmportant İs Resilience Among Family Members Supporting Relatives with Traumatic Brain Or Spinal Cord İnjury? Clin Rehabil, 27 (2012), Pp. 367-377.
• Smith PJ, Blumenthal JA, Trulock EP, Freedland KE, Carney RM, Davis RD Et Al (2016). Psychosocial predictors of mortality following lung transplantation.Am Journal Of Transplantation; 16:271-277.
• Southwick S.M , Charney D.S. (2012). The Science of Resilince: Implications fort he Depression Science, 338 .Pp. 79-82.
• Yılmaz, S. (2018). Reflections of Gender Roles in Daily Life: The Case of Çorum/Alaca. Imagination, 2 (2), 59–79.