Hemşirelik ve Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Sağlık Bakımında Engelli Kadınlara Karşı Tutumları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 2, 361 - 370, 22.08.2025

Rabia Atilla , Reyyan Gürel

https://doi.org/10.53490/egehemsire.1563888

Öz

Hemşirelik ve Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Sağlık Bakımında Engelli Kadınlara Karşı Tutumları
ÖZ
Amaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelik ve ebelik bölümü öğrencilerinin engelli kadınlara ve sağlık bakımında engellilere yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türdeki çalışmanın örneklemini, 4 Mart 2024 ile 3 Haziran 2024 tarihleri arasında, İç Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan bir üniversitede öğren 435 hemşirelik ve ebelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler, “Sosyodemografik Veri Toplama Formu”, “Engelli Kadın Tutum Ölçeği” ve “Sağlık Bakımında Engelli Tutumları Ölçeği’’ kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin, %86.2’sinin kadın olduğu, %62.8’i hemşirelik bölümünde okuduğu, %5.3’ünün birinci derece yakınında ve %32.0’ının uzak akrabasında engelli birey olduğu, %37.7’sinin klinik stajlarında engelli bir hastaya bakım verdiği, 72.2’sinin engellilere yönelik eğitim almak istediği belirlendi. Öğrencilerin EKTÖ toplam (57,70±9,94) ve alt boyutları puan ortalamaları ile SBETÖ toplam (54,95±7,91) ve alt boyutları puan ortalamaları orta düzeyin üzerinde bulundu. Araştırmaya katılan kız öğrencilerin ve ikinci sınıfta okuyanların EKTÖ ve SBETÖ toplam puan ortalamaları, engellilere yönelik eğitim almak isteyenlerin SBETÖ toplam puan ortalamalarının yüksek ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin hem engelli kadınlar açısından hem de engelli hastalar açısından orta düzeyin üzerinde olumlu tutuma sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar kelimeler: Tutum; engelli kadın; engelli tutum; sağlık bakımı
Destekleyen kurumlar:-
Kaynakça: Altunhan, A., Bayer, R., Açak, M.Z. (2021). Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin engellilere yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 61-70.
Apaydın, R., Barış, İ. (2021). Toplumda engelli bireylere yönelik tutumun sağlık çalışanları bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. Ufkun Ötesi Bilim Dergisi, 21(1), 22-39.
Atia, S.N., Ibrahim, F.A., Mohamed, E.H. (2022). Nursing students' communication, attitude and willingness to care for persons with disabilities. Zagazig Nursing Journal, 18(2), 332-346.
Aşık, E., Erdem, Y., Elibol, F., Çakmak, A., Akoğlu, G., Albayrak, S. (2021). Examining the attitudes of university students in the faculty of health sciences toward disability. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 25(1), 105-106.
Cebe Ertaş, M. (2003). Hemşire ve ebelerin engelli kadınların üreme sağlığına ilişkin bilgi ve görüşleri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Aydın.
Cirban Ekrem, E., Demirel Bozkurt, Ö., Daşıkan, Z. (2023). Engelli kadın olarak anne olmak. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 238-246.
Çılğın, T. (2022). 21. Yüzyılda Türkiye'de ve Dünya'da Engelli kadınların çalışma hayatında yaşadıkları sorunların ulusal ve uluslararası yasal düzenlemelere rağmen devam etmesi paradoksu. Çalışma ve Toplum, 2(77), 1323-1352.
Çömez, T., Altan Sarıkaya, N. (2017). Hemşirelik fakültesi öğrencilerinin engelli bireyleri damgalamaya ilişkin düşünceleri ve uygulamaları. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 3(3), 145-152.
Devkota, H.R., Kett, M., Groce, N. (2019). Societal attitude and behaviours towards women with disabilities in rural Nepal: pregnancy, childbirth and motherhood. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 19(20), 1-13.
Devkota, H.R., Murray, E., Kett, M., Groce, N. (2017). Healthcare provider’s attitude towards disability and experience of women with disabilities in the use of maternal healthcare service in rural Nepal. Reproductive, 14:79.
Geçkil, E., Kaleci, E., Cingil, D., Hisar, F. (2017). The effect of disability empathy activity on the attitude of nursing students towards disabled people: a pilot study. Contemporary Nurse, 53(1), 82-93.
Gedik, Z., Toker, H. (2018). Attitudes toward the disabled and social desirability among university students. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 8(1):111-116. doi: 10.5961/jhes.2018.253
Genç, Y. (2015). Engellilerin sosyal sorunları ve beklentileri. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 35(2), 65-92.
Hasson-Ohayon, I., Hason-Shaked, M., Silberg, T., Shpigelman, C.N., Roe, D. (2018). Attitudes towards motherhood of women with physical versus psychiatric disabilities. Disability and Health Journal, 11(4), 612-617. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.05.002
Morrison, J., Basnet, M., Budhathoki, B., Adhikari, D., Tumbahangphe K, Manandhar D. … Groce, N. (2014). Disabled women′s maternal and newborn health care in rural Nepal: A qualitative study. Midwifery, 30(11), 1132-1139. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2014.03.012
Orhan, S., Özkan, E. (2020). Engelli kadın olmak. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(1), 1-19.
Punduk Yılmaz, M., Ören, B. (2021). Disabled woman attitude scale: reliability and validity study. Northern Clinics of Istanbul, 8(5), 454-463. doi: 10.14744/nci.2021.57701
Roca-Hurtuna, M., Sanz-Ponce, R. (2023). The perception of university students towards people with disabilities and their labor İnsertion. Education Sciences, 13(1), 79.
Sahin, H., Gedik, Z. (2020). Attitudes towards people with disabilities: The Turkish version of the disability attitudes in health care scale. International Journal of Disability, Development&Education, 69(3), 1006-1016. doi: 10.1080/1034912X.2020.1724270
Sarantaki, A., Zambeli, M.V., Diamanti, A., Lykeridou, A. (2021). Health care providers’ knowledge and attitudes in perinatal care for women with disabilities. Journal of Medical-Clinical Research & Reviews, 5(3), 1-5.
Sehgal, M., Sumaali, M., Shivsngi, M., Kaur, S., Sharma, S. (2022). Descriptive study to assess the attitude towards disability among undergroduate nurses. International Journal of Novel Research and Development, 7(6), 806-817.
Stachura, K., Garven, F. (2003). Comparison of occupational therapy and physiotherapy students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Physiotherapy, 89(11), 653-664.
Şahin, H., Akyol, A.D. (2010). Evaluation of nursing and medical students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19, 2271-2279.
Şimşek, Ç., Çavdar, S., Temiz, E., Gündüz, B., Yılmaz Yalçınkaya, E. (2020). The attitude of healthcare professionals towards disabled individuals. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 2020;6(3):545-53. doi:10.5222/jaren.2020.82435
T.C. Aile Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. (2023). Engelli ve yaşlı hizmetleri istatistik bülteni. Erişim adresi: https://aile.gov.tr/media/135432/eyhgm_istatistik_bulteni_nisan_23.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2024.
Toru, F. (2020). Hemşirelik uygulamalarının kilit noktası: Bireyselleştirilmiş bakım. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(1), 46-59.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Disability (UNDESAD). (2013). Factsheet on persons with disabilities. Erişim adresi: https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/resources/factsheet-on-persons-with-disabilities.html 20.08.2024.
Wood, D., Marshall, E.S. (2010). Nurses with disabilities working in hospital settings: attitudes, concerns, and experiences of nurse leaders. Journal of Professional Nursing, 26(3), 182-187. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2009.12.001
World Health Organization (WHO). (2011). World report on disability. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/teams/noncommunicable-diseases/sensory-functions-disability-and-rehabilitation/world-report-on-disability Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2024.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2015). The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth. Erişim adresi: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/134588/WHO_RHR_14.23_eng.pdf Erişim tarihi: 20.08.2024.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Disability. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab=tab_1 Erişim Tarihi:20.08.2024.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tutum , engelli kadın , engelli tutum , sağlık bakımı

Etik Beyan

Çalışmaya başlamadan önce, çalışmanın yürütüldüğü ildeki üniversite etik kurulundan onay alınmıştır. Onay 29 Şubat 2024 tarihinde 2024/04-08 referans numarası ile verilmiştir. Çalışmaya dahil edilen ölçeklerin kullanım izinleri sorumlu yazarlardan e-posta yoluyla alınmıştır. Ayrıca, tüm öğrenci katılımcılardan hem sözlü hem de yazılı bilgilendirilmiş onam alınmıştır. Çalışma Helsinki Deklarasyonu ilkelerine uygun olarak yürütülmüştür.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Teşekkür

Çalışmamıza katılan tüm öğrencilere teşekkür ederiz.

Nursing and Midwifery Students' Attitudes Towards Women with Disabilities in Health Care

Öz

Nursing and Midwifery Students' Attitudes Towards Women with Disabilities in Health Care
Abstract
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the attitudes of nursing and midwifery students towards disabled women and disabled people in health care.
Methods: The sample of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of 435 nursing and midwifery students at a university in Central Anatolia between March 4, 2024 and June 3, 2024. The data were collected using a “Sociodemographic Data Collection Form”, “Attitude Scale for Women with Disabilities (ADWS)” and “Disability Attitudes in Health Care Scale (DAHC)” via face-to-face interview technique.
Results: It was determined that 86.2% of the students participating in the study were female, 62.8% were studying in the department of nursing, 5.3% had a disabled person in their first-degree relatives and 32.0% had a disabled person in their distant relatives, 37.7% cared for a disabled patient in their clinical internships, and 72.2% wanted to receive education for the disabled. The mean scores of the total (57.70±9.94) and sub-dimensions of the ADWS and the mean scores of the total (54.95±7.91) and sub-dimensions of the DAHC were above the middle level. It was determined that the mean total scores of the ADWS and DAHC of the female students participating in the study and those studying in the second grade, and the mean total score of the DAHC of those who wanted to receive education for the disabled were high and statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was concluded that the students had positive attitudes above the medium level both in terms of disabled women and disabled patients.
Keywords: Attitude; disabled women; disability attitude; health care

References:
Altunhan, A., Bayer, R., Açak, M.Z. (2021). Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin engellilere yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 61-70.
Apaydın, R., Barış, İ. (2021). Toplumda engelli bireylere yönelik tutumun sağlık çalışanları bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. Ufkun Ötesi Bilim Dergisi, 21(1), 22-39.
Atia, S.N., Ibrahim, F.A., Mohamed, E.H. (2022). Nursing students' communication, attitude and willingness to care for persons with disabilities. Zagazig Nursing Journal, 18(2), 332-346.
Aşık, E., Erdem, Y., Elibol, F., Çakmak, A., Akoğlu, G., Albayrak, S. (2021). Examining the attitudes of university students in the faculty of health sciences toward disability. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 25(1), 105-106.
Cebe Ertaş, M. (2003). Hemşire ve ebelerin engelli kadınların üreme sağlığına ilişkin bilgi ve görüşleri. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Aydın.
Cirban Ekrem, E., Demirel Bozkurt, Ö., Daşıkan, Z. (2023). Engelli kadın olarak anne olmak. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 238-246.
Çılğın, T. (2022). 21. Yüzyılda Türkiye'de ve Dünya'da Engelli kadınların çalışma hayatında yaşadıkları sorunların ulusal ve uluslararası yasal düzenlemelere rağmen devam etmesi paradoksu. Çalışma ve Toplum, 2(77), 1323-1352.
Çömez, T., Altan Sarıkaya, N. (2017). Hemşirelik fakültesi öğrencilerinin engelli bireyleri damgalamaya ilişkin düşünceleri ve uygulamaları. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 3(3), 145-152.
Devkota, H.R., Kett, M., Groce, N. (2019). Societal attitude and behaviours towards women with disabilities in rural Nepal: pregnancy, childbirth and motherhood. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 19(20), 1-13.
Devkota, H.R., Murray, E., Kett, M., Groce, N. (2017). Healthcare provider’s attitude towards disability and experience of women with disabilities in the use of maternal healthcare service in rural Nepal. Reproductive, 14:79.
Geçkil, E., Kaleci, E., Cingil, D., Hisar, F. (2017). The effect of disability empathy activity on the attitude of nursing students towards disabled people: a pilot study. Contemporary Nurse, 53(1), 82-93.
Gedik, Z., Toker, H. (2018). Attitudes toward the disabled and social desirability among university students. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 8(1):111-116. doi: 10.5961/jhes.2018.253
Genç, Y. (2015). Engellilerin sosyal sorunları ve beklentileri. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 35(2), 65-92.
Hasson-Ohayon, I., Hason-Shaked, M., Silberg, T., Shpigelman, C.N., Roe, D. (2018). Attitudes towards motherhood of women with physical versus psychiatric disabilities. Disability and Health Journal, 11(4), 612-617. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.05.002
Morrison, J., Basnet, M., Budhathoki, B., Adhikari, D., Tumbahangphe K, Manandhar D. … Groce, N. (2014). Disabled women′s maternal and newborn health care in rural Nepal: A qualitative study. Midwifery, 30(11), 1132-1139. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2014.03.012
Orhan, S., Özkan, E. (2020). Engelli kadın olmak. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(1), 1-19.
Punduk Yılmaz, M., Ören, B. (2021). Disabled woman attitude scale: reliability and validity study. Northern Clinics of Istanbul, 8(5), 454-463. doi: 10.14744/nci.2021.57701
Roca-Hurtuna, M., Sanz-Ponce, R. (2023). The perception of university students towards people with disabilities and their labor İnsertion. Education Sciences, 13(1), 79.
Sahin, H., Gedik, Z. (2020). Attitudes towards people with disabilities: The Turkish version of the disability attitudes in health care scale. International Journal of Disability, Development&Education, 69(3), 1006-1016. doi: 10.1080/1034912X.2020.1724270
Sarantaki, A., Zambeli, M.V., Diamanti, A., Lykeridou, A. (2021). Health care providers’ knowledge and attitudes in perinatal care for women with disabilities. Journal of Medical-Clinical Research & Reviews, 5(3), 1-5.
Sehgal, M., Sumaali, M., Shivsngi, M., Kaur, S., Sharma, S. (2022). Descriptive study to assess the attitude towards disability among undergroduate nurses. International Journal of Novel Research and Development, 7(6), 806-817.
Stachura, K., Garven, F. (2003). Comparison of occupational therapy and physiotherapy students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Physiotherapy, 89(11), 653-664.
Şahin, H., Akyol, A.D. (2010). Evaluation of nursing and medical students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19, 2271-2279.
Şimşek, Ç., Çavdar, S., Temiz, E., Gündüz, B., Yılmaz Yalçınkaya, E. (2020). The attitude of healthcare professionals towards disabled individuals. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 2020;6(3):545-53. doi:10.5222/jaren.2020.82435
T.C. Aile Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. (2023). Engelli ve yaşlı hizmetleri istatistik bülteni. Erişim adresi: https://aile.gov.tr/media/135432/eyhgm_istatistik_bulteni_nisan_23.pdf Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2024.
Toru, F. (2020). Hemşirelik uygulamalarının kilit noktası: Bireyselleştirilmiş bakım. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(1), 46-59.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Disability (UNDESAD). (2013). Factsheet on persons with disabilities. Erişim adresi: https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/resources/factsheet-on-persons-with-disabilities.html 20.08.2024.
Wood, D., Marshall, E.S. (2010). Nurses with disabilities working in hospital settings: attitudes, concerns, and experiences of nurse leaders. Journal of Professional Nursing, 26(3), 182-187. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2009.12.001
World Health Organization (WHO). (2011). World report on disability. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/teams/noncommunicable-diseases/sensory-functions-disability-and-rehabilitation/world-report-on-disability Erişim Tarihi: 20.08.2024.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2015). The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth. Erişim adresi: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/134588/WHO_RHR_14.23_eng.pdf Erişim tarihi: 20.08.2024.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Disability. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab=tab_1 Erişim Tarihi:20.08.2024.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Attitude , disabled women , disability attitude , health care

Etik Beyan

Prior to commencing the study, approval was obtained from the university ethics committee in the province where the study was conducted. The approval was granted on February 29, 2024, with reference number 2024/04-08. Permissions to use the scales included in the study were obtained via email from the responsible authors. Additionally, both verbal and written informed consent were secured from all student participants. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Teşekkür

We thank all students who participated in our study.

Kaynakça

• Altunhan, A., Bayer, R., & Açak, M. Z. (2021). Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin engellilere yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesi. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 61–70.
• Apaydın, R., & Barış, İ. (2021). Toplumda engelli bireylere yönelik tutumun sağlık çalışanları bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. Ufkun Ötesi Bilim Dergisi, 21(1), 22–39.
• Atia, S. N., Ibrahim, F. A., & Mohamed, E. H. (2022). Nursing students' communication, attitude and willingness to care for persons with disabilities. Zagazig Nursing Journal, 18(2), 332–346. doi:10.21608/znj.2022.303884
• Aşık, E., Erdem, Y., Elibol, F., Çakmak, A., Akoğlu, G., & Albayrak, S. (2021). Examining the attitudes of university students in the faculty of health sciences toward disability. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 25(1), 105–106.
• Chadd, E. H., & Pangilinan, P. H. (2011). Disability attitudes in health care: A new scale instrument. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 90(1), 47–54.
• Cebe Ertaş, M. (2023). Hemşire ve ebelerin engelli kadınların üreme sağlığına ilişkin bilgi ve görüşleri (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Aydın.
• Cirban Ekrem, E., Demirel Bozkurt, Ö., & Daşıkan, Z. (2023). Engelli kadın olarak anne olmak. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 238–246. doi:10.38108/ouhcd.991142
• Çılğın, T. (2023). 21. Yüzyılda Türkiye'de ve Dünya'da engelli kadınların çalışma hayatında yaşadıkları sorunların ulusal ve uluslararası yasal düzenlemelere rağmen devam etmesi paradoksu. Çalışma ve Toplum, 2(77), 1323–1352. doi:10.54752/ct.1280838
• Çömez, T., & Altan Sarıkaya, N. (2017). Hemşirelik fakültesi öğrencilerinin engelli bireyleri damgalamaya ilişkin düşünceleri ve uygulamaları. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 3(3), 145–152. doi:10.5222/jaren.2017.145
• Devkota, H. R., Kett, M., & Groce, N. (2019). Societal attitude and behaviours towards women with disabilities in rural Nepal: Pregnancy, childbirth and motherhood. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(20), 1–13. doi:10.1186/s12884-019-2171-4
• Devkota, H. R., Murray, E., Kett, M., & Groce, N. (2017). Healthcare provider’s attitude towards disability and experience of women with disabilities in the use of maternal healthcare service in rural Nepal. Reproductive Health, 14, 79.
• Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.
• Geçkil, E., Kaleci, E., Cingil, D., & Hisar, F. (2017). The effect of disability empathy activity on the attitude of nursing students towards disabled people: A pilot study. Contemporary Nurse, 53(1), 82–93. doi:10.1080/10376178.2017.1292143
• Gedik, Z., & Toker, H. (2018). Attitudes toward the disabled and social desirability among university students. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 8(1), 111–116. doi:10.5961/jhes.2018.253
• Genç, Y. (2015). Engellilerin sosyal sorunları ve beklentileri. Sosyal Politika Çalışmaları Dergisi, 35(2), 65–92. doi:10.21560/spcd.77043
• Gonzalez, H. C., & Hsiao, E. L. (2020). Disability inclusion in nursing education. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 15(1), 53–56.
• Hasson-Ohayon, I., Hason-Shaked, M., Silberg, T., Shpigelman, C. N., & Roe, D. (2018). Attitudes towards motherhood of women with physical versus psychiatric disabilities. Disability and Health Journal, 11(4), 612–617. doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.05.002
• Kaplan, B. K., & Boyacıoğlu, N. E. (2019). Difficulties faced by pregnant women with disabilities and midwifery approach. Journal of Ankara Health Sciences, 8(2), 64–71.
• Koutsogeorgou, E. (2020). Social relationships and social participation of women with disability. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
• Meyer, S. R., Lasater, M. E., Lee, L., & Moreno, C. G. (2020). Measurement of violence against women and disability: Protocol for a scoping review. BMJ Open, 10(12), e040104. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040104
• Moodley, S., & Mchunu, G. (2022). Integrating students with disabilities into nursing education: A South African perspective of nurse educators’ experiences. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 16, 100414. doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100414
• Morrison, J., Basnet, M., Budhathoki, B., Adhikari, D., Tumbahangphe, K., Manandhar, D., ... Groce, N. (2014). Disabled women′s maternal and newborn health care in rural Nepal: A qualitative study. Midwifery, 30(11), 1132–1139. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2014.03.012
• Mueller, S. D., & Sutherland, M. A. (2023). College women with a disability and interpersonal violence: A call to action. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 35(12), 761–764. doi:10.1097/JXX.0000000000000969
• Orhan, S., & Özkan, E. (2020). Engelli kadın olmak. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(1), 1–19.
• Punduk Yılmaz, M., & Ören, B. (2021). Disabled woman attitude scale: Reliability and validity study. Northern Clinics of Istanbul, 8(5), 454–463. doi:10.14744/nci.2021.57701
• Rade, B. K., Tamiru, A. T., Aynalem, G. L., Taye, E. B., Melkie, M., Abera, A., ... Asaye, M. M. (2020). Prevalence and factors associated with sexual and reproductive health services use among reproductive age women with disabilities: A community based cross-sectional study. BMC Women’s Health, 23(215), 1–11. doi:10.1186/s12905-023-02373-5
• Roca-Hurtuna, M., & Sanz-Ponce, R. (2023). The perception of university students towards people with disabilities and their labor insertion. Education Sciences, 13(79), 1–16. doi:10.3390/educsci13010079
• Sahin, H., & Gedik, Z. (2020). Attitudes towards people with disabilities: The Turkish version of the disability attitudes in health care scale. International Journal of Disability, Development & Education, 69(3), 1006–1016. doi:10.1080/1034912X.2020.1724270
• Sarantaki, A., Zambeli, M. V., Diamanti, A., & Lykeridou, A. (2021). Health care providers’ knowledge and attitudes in perinatal care for women with disabilities. Journal of Medical-Clinical Research & Reviews, 5(3), 1–5.
• Sathaporn, K., & Pitanuporn, J. (2022). Factors associated with the improvement of the empathy levels among clinical-year medical students in Southern Thailand: A university-based cross-sectional study. BMC Psychology, 10, 128.
• Stachura, K., & Garven, F. (2003). Comparison of occupational therapy and physiotherapy students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Physiotherapy, 89(11), 653–664.
• Şahin, H., & Akyol, A. D. (2010). Evaluation of nursing and medical students’ attitudes towards people with disabilities. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(15–16), 2271–2279. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03088.x
• Şimşek, Ç., Çavdar, S., Temiz, E., Gündüz, B., & Yılmaz Yalçınkaya, E. (2020). The attitude of healthcare professionals towards disabled individuals. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, 6(3), 545–553. doi:10.5222/jaren.2020.82435
• T.C. Aile Çalışma ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. (2023, Nisan). Engelli ve Yaşlı Hizmetleri İstatistik Bülteni. https://aile.gov.tr/media/135432/eyhgm_istatistik_bulteni_nisan_23.pdf
• Troller, J. N., Eagleson, C., Turner, B., Salomon, C., Cashin, A., Iacono, T., ... Lennox, N. (2016). Intellectual disability health content within nursing curriculum: An audit of what our future nurses are taught. Nurse Education Today, 45, 72–79.
• Toru, F. (2020). Hemşirelik uygulamalarının kilit noktası: Bireyselleştirilmiş bakım. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4(1), 46–59.
• United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Disability (UNDESAD). (2013). Factsheet on persons with disabilities. https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/resources/factsheet-on-persons-with-disabilities.html
• Wang, Z., Xu, X., Han, Q., Chen, Y., Jiang, J., & Ni, G. Z. (2021). Factors associated with public attitudes towards persons with disabilities: A systematic review. BMC Public Health, 21, 1058. doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11139-3
• Wood, D., & Marshall, E. S. (2010). Nurses with disabilities working in hospital settings: Attitudes, concerns, and experiences of nurse leaders. Journal of Professional Nursing, 26(3), 182–187. doi:10.1016/j.profnurs.2009.12.001
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2011). World report on disability. https://www.who.int/teams/noncommunicable-diseases/sensory-functions-disability-and-rehabilitation/world-report-on-disability
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2015). The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/134588/WHO_RHR_14.23_eng.pdf
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Disability. https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab=tab_1