TÜRKİYE’S POST-COLD WAR STRAITS POLICY: BALANCING AUTONOMY
Öz
The Straits have served on a continuous basis between the Ottoman Empire and Republic periods as strategic factor in the balance of power within the international system. The system of the straits, established as a permanent legal entity under the 1936 Montreux Convention Regarding the Regime of the Straits, has formed a backdrop for Turkey’s sovereignty and foreign policy ever since. Yet the reorganisation by and through the change from Cold War to post-Cold War era has also altered the nature of this regime. This article develops and presents an analytical framework, “Balancing Autonomy”, developed by the author, which serves as an abstract deductive model by which to interpret the way middle powers can navigate systemic pressures through regime-based structuring while acting autonomously. Drawing on the tradition of classical, structural and neoclassical realism, this model captures the extent to which Turkey can accommodate systemic compulsions while coping with national decision-making autonomy. Applying a historical-comparative qualitative analysis based on archival and official sources, the article discusses three periods: 1991-2003, 2004-2013, and 2014-2024. The results show that the model functions through three major mechanisms: constraint through rule-based practices, legitimacy based on a cautious legal-rational discourse, and mediation through simultaneous diplomatic engagement. The study contends that Turkey successfully employed its natural capability and historical diplomatic tradition to ensure regional stability as well as national independence by treating the Montreux regime as a pragmatic mechanism. In this vein, the model on “Balancing Autonomy” provides a distinct theoretical framework to understand the presence strategies of middle powers in a multipolar system.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- İstediğin formata (Yazar Soyadı, Adı, İtalik Eser Adı, Yayın Evi, Yayın Yeri, Yılı) göre güncellenmiş ve aralarında birer satır boşluk bırakılmış yeni liste şu şekildedir:
- Aldırmaz, Yaşar, Türk Dış Politikasında Yumuşak Güç İnşası: Aktörler ve Uygulamalar, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü (Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Aydın, 2018.
- Aldırmaz, Yaşar, Lozan’dan Soğuk Savaş’ın Sonuna Boğazlar’ın Statüsünde Meydana Gelen Değişiklikler ve Tartışmalar (1923-1991), Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü (Doktora Tezi), İzmir, 2025.
- Aydın, Mustafa, “Geographical blessing versus geopolitical curse: great power security agendas for the Black Sea region and a Turkish alternative”, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 9(3), 2009, ss. 271-285.
- Brinkley, Douglas, “Democratic Enlargement: The Clinton Doctrine”, Foreign Policy, No. 106, 1997, ss. 110-127.
- Chapnick, Adam, “The middle power”, Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 7(2), 1999, ss. 73-82.
- Cooper, Andrew F., Niche Diplomacy: Middle Powers after the Cold War, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 1997.
- Cooper, Andrew F., Richard A. Higgott ve Kim Richard Nossal, Relocating middle powers: Australia and Canada in a changing world order, Melbourne University Press, Carlton South, Vic., 1993.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Siyasi Tarih (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yaşar Aldırmaz
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0000-0001-9138-0536
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
31 Temmuz 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
20 Kasım 2025
Kabul Tarihi
31 Mayıs 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 41 Sayı: 1