Conversion of Plastic Waste into Value-Added Products through Pyrolysis: A Circular Economy Approach

Öz

The environmental impacts of plastic waste, coupled with its increasing quantities, have rendered sustainable recycling technologies an imperative. The present study conducts a thorough examination of the evaluation of plastic waste through pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is a promising method for obtaining gas, liquid, and solid products through the thermal decomposition of plastics under an inert atmosphere, offering potential for energy recovery and the production of chemical raw materials. The present study examines the impact of various parameters on product yields, including different types of plastic feedstock, pyrolysis conditions, reactor systems, heating regimes, and product storage methods. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties, potential applications, and refining requirements of the obtained products (pyrolysis oil, synthesis gas consisting of gas phase components, and char) are evaluated. In recent years, the role of artificial intelligence-supported modelling techniques in process optimization and studies on co-pyrolysis applications for sustainable fuel production have also been comprehensively examined. The findings suggest that pyrolysis technology can provide an effective solution for converting plastic waste in accordance with circular economy principles.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Circular economy
• Pyrolysis char
• Pyrolytic oil
• Plastic waste
• Reactor systems
• Synthesis gas.

Plastik Atıkların Pirolizle Katma Değerli Ürünlere Dönüştürülmesi: Döngüsel Ekonomi Yaklaşımı

Öz

Plastik atıkların çevresel etkileri ve artan miktarları, sürdürülebilir geri dönüşüm teknolojilerine duyulan ihtiyacı kritik hale getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, plastik atıkların piroliz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Piroliz, plastiklerin inert atmosfer altında ısıl bozunmaya uğratılmasıyla gaz, sıvı ve katı ürünlerin elde edildiği, enerji geri kazanımı ve kimyasal hammadde üretimi açısından umut vadeden bir yöntemdir. Çalışmada; piroliz başlangıç malzemesi olarak farklı plastik türleri, piroliz parametreleri, reaktör sistemleri, ısıtma rejimleri ve ürün depolama teknikleri gibi değişkenlerin ürün verimleri üzerindeki etkileri tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca, elde edilen ürünlerin (piroliz yağı, gaz fazı bileşenlerinden oluşan sentez gaz ve çar) fizikokimyasal özellikleri, potansiyel kullanım alanları ve rafinasyon gereksinimleri değerlendirilmiştir. Son yıllarda yapay zekâ destekli modelleme tekniklerinin süreç optimizasyonundaki rolü ve ko-piroliz uygulamaları ile sürdürülebilir yakıt üretimi üzerine yapılan çalışmalar da kapsamlı şekilde incelenmiştir. Bulgular, piroliz teknolojisinin döngüsel ekonomi ilkeleri doğrultusunda plastik atıkların dönüştürülmesinde etkin bir çözüm sunabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Döngüsel ekonomi
• Piroliz çarı
• Pirolitik yağ
• Plastik atık
• Reaktör sistemleri
• Sentez gaz.

Kaynakça

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