Physiological Metabolic Analysis and Key Flowering Factors During Phyllostachys heteroclada Olive and Neosinocalamus affinis Keng Flowering

Öz

P. Het (Phyllostachys heteroclada olive) and N. Aff (Neosinocalamus affinis Keng ) flowered from 2003 to 2007 in Ya'an district in China. We determined metabolism indices of these two bamboo species, and analyzed the key flowering metabolism factors by PCA (principal component analysis). The result showed that GA, GA/ABA were the most important factors of bamboo flowering, followed by starch, amylase activity and soluble sugar, all of which were positively correlated with bamboo flowering. ZT was negatively correlated to bamboo flowering, it obstructed bamboo flowering and contributed to bamboo flower reversion. Based on the above and former research, we built a bamboo flowering model which showed that bamboo flowering is a long and complicated process. External factors, especially harsh environments such as droughts and high temperatures and internal mechanisms such as GA, GA/ABA, starch, amylase and soluble sugar would possibly accelerate or terminate growth and florescence, making bamboo florescence highly variable.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bamboo; flowering; physiological mechanism; PCA

PHYSIOLOGICAL METABOLIC ANALYSIS AND KEY FACTORS DURING Phyllostachys heteroclada Olive AND Neosinocalamus affinis KingFLOWERING

Öz

Phyllostachys heteroclada zeytin bambu (P. Het) ve Neosinocalamus affinis kral bambu (N. Aff) 2003-2007 yılları arasında Çin’in Ya’an bölgesinde vejetatif faaliyet göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada bu iki bambu türünün metabolik göstergeleri belirlenmiş ve çiçeklenmeyi en belirleyici faktör temel bileşenler analizi (PCA) ile tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar GA (Gibberellin), GA/ABA (Gibberellin/Abscisic Asit) bambuların çiçek açmasında en belirleyici metabolitler olduğu, bunu nişasta, amilaz faaliyeti ve çözülebilen şekerlerin izlediği ve tümüne ait değerlerin çiçeklenme aktivitesi ile pozitif korelasyon gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. ZT (Zeatin) maddesi ile bambuların çiçek açması arasında negatif korelasyonun bulunduğu, bu maddenin çiçek açmayı engellediği ve faaliyeti durdurmaya çalıştığı tespit edilmiştir. Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalardan ve bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak çok karmaşık bir süreç olan bambuların çiçek açması sürecini açıklayan bir model oluşturulmuştur. Kuraklık ve yüksek sıcaklıklar gibi sert iklim koşulları gibi dış faktörler ile GA, GA/ABA, nişasta, amilaz faaliyeti ve çözülebilen şekerlerin bambuların çiçek açması üzerinde pozitif yönde teşvik edici veya tersi yönde etkilerde bulunarak bambuların çiçek açması olgusunda değişik durumlara yol açmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bambu, Çiçeklenme, Fizyolojik mekanizma, PCA

Kaynakça

1. Araki T, Komeda Y (1993) Flowering in darkness in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 4: 80l-8l1
2. Chailakhyan M H (1937) Concerning the hormonal nature of plant development process, C. R. (Dokl.). Acad Sic URSS, 16:227-230
3. Fu Y F, Meng F J (1998) Flower Physiological Signals in Plant. Journal of China Agricultural University 3(3)：1-11
4. Han S J (2003) Plant flowering mechanism and regulation research progress. Journal of Pengcheng vocational university 18(2)：32-37
5. Luckwill. L. C (1977) Pesticide Chemistry in the 20's Century. In Plimmer, J. R. [Ed], 29：3-304
6. Ma, Y.P and Dai, S.L. (2003) Flower bud differentiation mechanism of Anthophyta. Molecular Plant Breeding 1 (4): 539-545
7. Sachs R M. (1977) Nutrient diversion: a hypothesis to explain the chemical control of flowering. HortScience, 12:212-21
8. Shanghai Society of Plant Physiology (1999) Plant physiology experiments manual. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press: 25

9. Wang R Z, Xiao L T, Lin W H etc ( 2002) High performance liquid chromatographic determination of internal hormones in inter-sub specific hybrid rice. Chinese journal of chromatograph 20(2): 148-150
10. Wang, X.H. (2009) Study on the Influence of Environmental Factors on Bamboo Bloom. Sichuan animal 28(4): 618-621
11. Wang, X.H and Zhou, Z.J (2007) Flowering characteristics of Phyllostachys heteroclada Olive in China. Journal of Bamboo and Rattan 6: 123-127.
12. Xiong Q E. Plant physiology laboratory manual (2003) Chengdu: Sichuan Science and Technology Press: 17-19
13. Zhang X W, Hong Y H, Zhao Y (2003) Molecular control of flowering time of plant. Journal of Agriculture University (Natural science) 29(6): 523-527
14. Zhang Y, Liu Q Y (2003) Proceedings on Molecular Mechanism of Plant Flower Development. Chinese Bulletin of Botany 20 (05): 589-601
15. Zhao H W (2003) Studies on the Mechanism of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism of Spring Maize under Different Nitrogen Nutrition Levels. The northeast agricultural university, Ph.D. Thesis: 34