Investigation of Reactive Dyeing of Nylon Fabrics in the Presence of Chemical Mordants

Abstract

Nylon fibres are the first synthetic fibres to be produced in industrial scale and they are one of the most consumed synthetic fibres besides polyester and acrylic due to their visual and usage properties. Reactive dyes were commercially produced in mid-20th century and they are mostly preferred in dyeing of cellulosic fibres. The most important property of reactive dyes is their ability to make covalent bonds within the fibre. Mordants are used mainly in the application of natural dyes to hold and retain the dye molecules in the fibre. In this paper, nylon fabrics were dyed with a reactive dye with trifluoropyrimidine (TFP) functional group having a blue hue in the presence of chemical mordants to obtain better exhaustion and coloration properties. Dyeings were performed with three different dyeing/mordanting methods at three pH levels. Three chemical mordans were used. Dye exhaustion percentages were determined by transmittance/absorbance measurements of dyeing liquors prior and after dyeing. The reflectance measurements of the dyed fabric samples were recorded and colour strength values were obtained. The results revealed that mordant usage with pre-mordanting and meta-mordanting methods improved the coloration properties of reactive dyes on nylon fabrics.

Keywords

• Nylon
• Reactive Dye
• Mordant
• Colour Strength

Kimyasal Mordanların Varlığında Nylon Kumaşların Reaktif Boyarmaddelerle Boyanmasının Araştırılması

Öz

Nylon lifleri endüstriyel olarak üretilen sentetik liflerin ilk üyesi olup, görünüm ve dayanım özellikleri sayesinde poliester ve akrilik ile beraber en fazla kullanılan sentetik liflerden birisidir. Reaktif boyarmaddeler 1950’leri ortalarında piyasaya sürülmüş ve selülozik liflerin boyanmasında en fazla kullanılan boyarmaddelerdir. Reaktif boyarmaddelerin en büyük özelliği liflerdeki uygun gruplar ile kovalent bağ yapma yapabilmeleridir. Mordan kullanımı özellikle doğal boyarmadde uygulamalarında gerekli olup, boyarmaddelerin lif içinde tutunma ve kalma özelliklerini iyileştirirler. Bu çalışmada nylon kumaşların reaktif boyarmaddelerle boyanmasında mordan kimyasallarının kullanımı araştırılmış olup, uygulanan boyama şartları altında daha iyi boyarmadde çekimi ve renklendirme özelliklerinin eldesi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada reaktif grup olarak Trifloropirimidin (TFP) fonksiyonel grubuna sahip mavi renkte boyarmadde kullanılmıştır. Belirlenen üç farklı proses, pH ve mordan türünde çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Boyama öncesi ve sonrası boyama çözeltilerinden alınan sıvı numunelerinin spektrofotometrede transmitans/absorbans ölçümleri yapılarak, yüzde boyarmadde çekimleri değerlendirilmiştir. Uygulanan üç farklı proses sonunda nylon kumaşların mordanlı ve mordansız boyama sonrasında renk ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar mordan varlığında nylon liflerinin reaktif boyarmaddelerle boyanma özelliklerinin ön mordanlama ve eş zamanlı mordanlama yöntemleri ile geliştirilebileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nylon
• reaktif Boya
• Mordan
• Renk Kuvveti
• Renk

Kaynakça

1. Burkinshaw, S.M. (1995). 2. Nylon. In Chemical Principles of Synthetic Fibre dyeing. pp. 77-80. Glasgow: Blackie Academic & Professional.
2. Burkinshaw S.M., Ganghi K. (1996). The Dyeing of Conventional Decitex and Microfibre Nylon 6,6 with Reactive Dyes-I. Chlorodifluoropyrimidinyl Dyes. Dyes and Pigments, 32 (2), 101-127.
3. Burkinshaw S.M., Ganghi K. (1997a). The Dyeing of Conventional and and Microfibre Nylon 6,6 with Reactive Dyes. Part 2. α-Bromoacrylamido Dyes. Dyes and Pigments, 33 (4), 259-280.
4. Burkinshaw S.M., Ganghi K. (1997b). The Dyeing of Conventional and and Microfibre Nylon 6,6 with Reactive Dyes-3. Vinyl Sulphone and Chlortriazine Dyes. Dyes and Pigments, 34 (3), 243-253.
5. Burkinshaw S.M., Son Y-A, Bide M.J. (2001). The Application of Heterobifunctional Reactive Dyes to Nylon 6,6: Process Modifications to Achieve High Efficiencies. Dyes and Pigments, 48, 245-251.
6. El-Gabry L.K., El-Zawary M.M. (2008). Effect of Tannic Acid on the Dyeing Process of Nylon 6 Fabric with a Cationic Dye. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, 12 (4), 21-30.
7. Lewis D.M., MacDangall W.C. (1998). Dyeing Nylon 6,6 with Vinylsulfone reactive Dyes. Textile Chemist and Colorist, 30 (5), 31-35.
8. Rys P., Zollinger H. (1989). Reactive Dye-Fibre Systems. In The Theory of Coloration of Textiles. 2nd Edition, ed. A. Johnson, pp. 428-431. Bradford: Society of Dyers and Colourists.

9. Soleimani-Gorgani A., Taylor J.A. (2006a). Dyeing of Nylon with Reactive Dyes. Part 1. The Effect of Changes in Dye Structure on the Dyeing of Nylon with Reactive Dyes. Dyes and Pigments, 68, 109-117.
10. Soleimani-Gorgani A., Taylor J.A. (2006b). Dyeing of Nylon with Reactive Dyes. Part 2. The Effect of Changes in Level of Dye Sulphonation on the Dyeing of Nylon with Reactive Dyes. Dyes and Pigments, 68, 119-127.
11. Soleimani-Gorgani A., Taylor J.A. (2008). Dyeing of Nylon with Reactive Dyes. Part 2. Cationic Reactive Dyes for Nylon. Dyes and Pigments, 76, 610-623.
12. Sumithra M., Arasi D. (2014). A Novel Method of Dyeing Nylon 6,6 with Cold Brand Reactive Dyes and Assessment of its Fastness Properties. Journal of Textile Science and Engineering, S2:002, doi:10.4172/2165-8064.S2-002.