Determination of Natural Radioactivity and Radiological Effects in some Soil Sampl es in Beykoz Istanbul

Abstract

It is important to measure natural radioactivity which existed since the creation of universe. Thus in this study, 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K concentrations were calculated at different sampling points in Beykoz district of Istanbul using HPGe detector. As a result of the measurements, the concentration of radium, thorium, potassium level have been found to be varied from 27.75 BqKg 1 to 63.79 BqKg 1 , 30.74 BqKg 1 to 89.75 BqKg 1 and 533.73 BqKg 1 to 912.12 BqKg 1 respectively. In addition, radium equivalent (Ra eq ), absorbed gamma dose rate (D), annual effective dose equivalent, (AEDE), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were calculated in the stud y. All of the calculations have been compared with both national an d international standards and similar studies.

Keywords

• Soil,Natural radioactivity,Beykoz,Cancer Risk

İstanbul-Beykoz’daki Bazı Toprak Örneklerinde Doğal Radyoaktivite ve Radyolojik Parametre Tayini

Öz

Evrenin ilk yaratılışından beri var olan doğal radyasyonun belirlenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada İstanbul’un Beykoz ilçesinde farklı örnekleme noktaları belirlenerek doğal radyoaktivite ( 226 Ra, 232 Th, 40 K) konsantrasyonları HPGe detektör kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan ölçümler sonucunda, radyum konsantrasyonu 27,75 BqKg 1 ile 63,79 BqKg 1 arasında, toryum konsantrasyonu 30,74 BqKg 1 ile 89,75 BqKg 1 arasında, potasyum konsantrasyonu 533, 73 BqKg 1 ile 912,12 BqKg 1 arasında değiştiği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca çalışmada, radyum eşdeğeri (Ra eq ), soğrulan gama doz hızı (D), yıllık etkin doz değeri, (AEDE), yaşam boyu kanser riski (ELCR) miktarları hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen hesaplamaların tamamı hem ulusal hem de uluslar arası standartlarla ve yapılmış olan benzer çalışmalarla karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toprak,Doğal radyoaktivite,Beykoz,Kanser Riski

Kaynakça

1. Ahmed N. K., El-Arabi A. M., 2005, Natural radioactivity in farm soil and phosphate fertilizer and its environmental implications in Qena governorate, Upper Egypt, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 84, Issue 1, Pages 51-64, ISSN 0265-931X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2005.04.007.
2. Aközcan S., Külahcı F., Mercan Y., 2018, A Suggestion to Radiological Hazards Characterization of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs: Spatial Distribution Modelling, Journal of Hazardous Materials PII: S0304-3894(18)30274-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.04.042 (in press)
3. Aközcan S., Yılmaz M., Külahcı F., 2014 Dose rate and seasonal variations of 238U,232Th, 226Ra, 40K and 137Cs radionuclides in soils along Thrace, Turkey, J Radional Nucl Chem 299:95-101 Doi 10.1007/s10967-013-2730-5
4. Aközcan S., 2014(a), Natural and Artificial radioactivity levels and hazard of soils in the Kücük Menderes Basin, Turkey, Enveriron Earth Sci (2014)71:4611-4614, Doi 10.1007/s12665-013-2861-6
5. Aközcan S. 2014(b), Annual effective dose of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil and sediment, Toxicologycal and Environmental Chemistry http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2014.939177
6. Akkurt I., Ermis R.B., Baş P., Günoglu K., 2015, Radioactivity measurement on dental resin composites. Acta Phys. Pol. A., Vol 128 (2-B), 34-36. doi: 10.12693/APhysPolA.128.B-34.
7. Çetin B., Öner F., Akkurt I., 2016, Determination of natural radioactivity and associated radiological hazard in excavation field in Turkey (OluzHöyük). Acta Phys. Pol. A., Vol 130 (1), 475-478, doi:10.12693/APhysPolA.130.475.
8. Değerlier M., Karahan G., Ozger G., 2008, Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessment for soil samples around Adana, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 99(7), 1018–1025.

9. Dizman S., Görür F.K., Keser R., 2016, Determination of radioactivity levels of soil samples and the excess of lifetime cancer risk in Rize province, Turkey. International Journal of Radiation Research, 14(3): 237-244.
10. Ereeş F.S., Aközcan S., Parlak Y., Çam S., 2006, Assesment of dose rates around Manisa (Turkey), Radiation MEasurements 41 (2006) 598-601ICRP, 1990. Publication 60. Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, in ICRP Publication 60. Pergamon Press Annals of ICRP, Oxford, UK.
11. Karataslı M., Turhan S., Varinlioglu A., Yegingil Z., 2016, Natural and fallout radioactivity levels and radiation hazard evaluation in soil samples. Environ Earth Sci, 75:424.
12. Kapdan E., Varinlioglu A., Karahan G., 2011, Radioactivity Levels and Health Risks due to Radionuclides in the Soil of Yalova, Northwestern Turkey Int. J. Environ. Res., 5(4):837-846.
13. Malain, D., Regan, P.H., Bradley, D.A., Matthews, M., Al-Sulaiti, H.A., Santawamaitre, T., 2012. An evaluation of the natural radioactivity in Andaman beach sand samples of Thailand after the 2004 tsunami. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 70 (8), 1467–1474.
14. Markkanen M., 1995, Radiation Dose Assessments for Materials with Elevated Natural Radioactivity. Report STUK-BSTO 32. Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority -STUK.
15. Seçkiner S., Akkurt, I., Günoglu K., 2017, Determination of 40K concentration in gravel samples from Konyaaltı Beach, Antalya. Acta Phys. Pol. A., Vol 132 (3-II), 1095-1097,doi: 10.12693/APhysPolA.132.1095.
16. Singh S., Rani A., Mahajan R. K., 2005, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K analysis in soil samples from some areas of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh, India using gamma ray spectrometry, Radiation Measurements,Volume 39, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 431-439, ISSN 1350-4487, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2004.09.003.TAEA, 2010, Türkiye’deki Çevresel Radyoaktivitenin İzlenmesi 2009, Technique Report, Ankara
17. Taskin H., Karavus M., Ay P., Topuzoglu A., Hidiroglu S., Karahan G., 2009, Radionuclide concentrations in soil and lifetime cancer risk due to gamma radioactivity in Kirklareli, Turkey. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 100, 49- 53.
18. Uyanik N.A., Öncü Z., Uyanik O., Bozcu M., Akkurt I. Günoglu K.,Yagmurlu F., 2015, Distribution of natural radioactivity from 40K radioelement in volcanics of Sandıklı-Suhut (Afyon) area. Acta Phys. Pol. A., Vol 128 (2-B), 438-440, doi: 10.12693/APhysPolA.128.B-438.
19. UNSCEAR, 2000, Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation to the General Assembly. United Nations, New York.
20. Yaren H., Karayılanoğlu T., 2005, Radyasyon ve insan sağlığı üzerine etkileri, TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni, 4 (4), 199- 208.