4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (Purpald®)'un Elektropolimerizayonu

Öz

Bu çalışmada, tek kullanımlık kalem grafit elektrot (PGE) üzerinde 4-amino-3-hidrazino-5-merkapto-1,2,4-triazolün (Purpald®) elektropolimerizasyonu tanımlanmış ve polimer film kaplı ve çıplak PG'nin elektroaktivitesi, pH 8 Britton Robinson (BR) tampon çözeltisi içerisinde hazırlanan  K3 [Fe (CN) 6] / K4 [Fe (CN) 6] çözeltisi ile test edildi. Purpald® filminin elektropolimerizasyonu döngülü voltammetri (CV) ile yapıldı. Elektrokimyasal empedans spektroskopisi (EIS) kullanılarak, Purpald® film kaplı elektrotun optimum koşulları belirlenmiştir. Purplad® ile modifiye edilmiş elektrotların iletkenliği, EIS tekniği ile çıplak ve p-fenilendiamin ile modifiye edilmiş PG elektrotları ile karşılaştırıldı. Sonuçlar, elektrosentezlenmiş poli (Purplad®) filmin, elektrokimyasal analizlerde ve sensör uygulamalarında kullanılacak elektrotların modifikasyonu için kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İletken polimer
• Elektropolimerizasyon
• Filmler
• Triazole Türevleri
• Kurşun Kalem Elektrotlar

Electropolymerization of 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4- triazole (Purpald® )

Öz

In this study electropolymerization of 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (Purpald^®) on the disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) was described and the electroactivity of the polymer film coated and naked PG electrodes were checked against K₃[Fe(CN)₆] / K₄[Fe(CN)₆] in pH 8 Britton‑Robinson (BR) buffer solution. The electropolymerization of Purpald^® film was performed with cyclic voltammetry (CV). The optimal conditions of Purpald^® film coated electrode were performed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The conductivity of the Purplad^® modified electrodes was compared with bare and p-phenylenediamine modified PG electrodes by EIS technique. The results indicated that electrosynthesized poly(Purplad^®) film could be used for modification of electrodes to be used in electrochemical analysis and sensor applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Conducting polymer
• electropolymerization
• Films
• Triazole derivatives
• Pencil graphide electrode

Kaynakça

1. Awuzie, C. I. (2018). Conducting Polymers. Materials Today:Proceedings, (4), 2076-2079.
2. Azak, H., Yıldız, H. B., & Carbas, B. B. (2018). Synthesis and Characterization of a New Poly(dithieno(3,2-b:2',3'-d) pyrrole) Derivative Conjugated Polymer: Its Electrochromic and Biosensing Applications. Polymer, (134), 44-52.
3. Belhousse, S., Tighilt, F. Z., Sam, S., Lasmi, K., Hamdani, K., Tahanout, L., Megherbi, M., & Gabouze, N. (2017). Functionalization of Silicon Nanowires by Conductive and Non-conductive Polymers. Applied Surface Science, (421), 134-141.
4. Boursicot, S., Bouquet, V., Bombard, A., Langer, M., Boulanger, C., & Viry, M. G. (2017). Electrochemical Behaviour of CuxMo6S8 Thin Films Synthesized by CSD. Electrochimica Acta, (257), 436-443.
5. Castaneda, L. F., Walsh, F. C., Nava, J. L., & de Leon, C. P. (2017). Graphite Felt as a Versatile Electrode Material: Properties, Reaction Environment, Performance and Applications. Electrochimica Acta, (258), 1115-1139.
6. Carbas, B. B., Kivrak, A., & Kavak, E. (2017). Electrosynthesis of New Indole Based Donor-acceptor-donor Type Polymer and Investigation of Its Electrochromic Properties. Materials Chemistry and Physics, (188), 68-74.
7. do Carmo, D. R., Silvestrini, D. R., da Silveira, T. M. S., Cumba, L. R., Filho, N. L. D., & Soares, L. A. (2015) .Silsesquioxane Organofunctionalized with 4-amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole: Preparation and Subsequent Reaction with Silver and Potassium Hexacyanoferrate(III) for Detection of L-cysteine. Materials Science and Engineering C, (57), 24-30.
8. Chen, X., Shen, L., Yuan, C. A., Wong, C. K. Y., & Zhang, G. (2013). Molecular Model for the Charge Carrier Density Dependence of Conductivity of Polyaniline as Chemical Sensing Materials. Sensors and Actuators B:Chemical, (177), 856-861.

9. Chu, H., Yang, H., Huan, S., Lin, W., Shen, G., & Yu, R. (2018). Adsorption of Purpald SAMs on Silver and Gold Electrodes: a Raman Mapping Study. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, (38), 295-300.
10. Correa, A. A., Gonçalves, R., Pereira, R., & Pereira, E. C. (2016). The Electropolymerization of Several Poly(3-methylthiophene) Films in the Same Used Solution and Its Consequence in Their Properties. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, (134), 44368-44375.
11. Devasurendra, A. M., Zhang, C., Young, J. A., Tillekeratne, L. M. V., Anderson, J. L., & Kirchhoff, J. R. (2017). Electropolymerized Pyrrole-based Conductive Polymeric Ionic Liquids and Their Application for Solid-phase Microextraction. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, (9), 24955-24963.
12. Dispenza, C., Sabatino, A., Deghiedy, N., Casaletto, M. P., Spadaro, G., Piazza, S., & Abd El-Rehim, H. A. (2015). In-situ Polymerization of Polyaniline in Radiation Functionalized Polypropylene Films. Polymer, (67), 128-138.
13. Dunst, K., Karczewski, J., & Jasinki, P. (2017). Nitrogen Dioxide Sensing Properties of PEDOT Polymer Films. Sensors and Actuators B:Chemical, (247), 108-113.
14. Gu, H., Lin, K., Jian, N., Qu, K., Yu, H., Wei, J., Chen, S., & Xu, J. (2017). Synthesis and Electropolymerization of Furan End-capped Dibenzothiophene/dibenzofuran and Electrochromic Properties of Their Polymers, International Journal of Electrochemical Science, (12), 5000-5011.
15. Hill, A. A., Lipert, R. J., Fritz, J. S., & Porter, M. D. (2009). A Rapid, Simple Method for Determining Formaldehyde in Drinking Water Using Colorimetric-solid Phase Extraction. Talanta, (77), 1405-1408.
16. Kim, S. Y., & Palmore, G.T. R. (2012). Electropolymerization vs. Electrocrystallization: Electrosynthesis of Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) in the Presence of 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiaxoline-6-sulfonic acid. Electrochimica Acta, (77), 184 188.
17. Lamiri, L., Nessark, B., Habelhames, F., & Sibous, L. (2017). Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Poly (bithiophene + 2-methylfuran) Copolymer. Journal of Molecular Structure, (1143), 282-287.
18. Mangione, M. I., Spanevello, R. A., Minudri, D., Cavallo, P., Otero, L., & Fungo, F. (2018). Electrochemical Films Deposition and Electro-optical Properties of Bis-carbazol-triphenylamine End-caped Dendrimeric Polymers. Electrochimica Acta, (263), 585-595.
19. Mantione, D., del Agua, I., Sanchez, A. S., & Mecerreyes, D. (2017). Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Derivatives: Innovative Conductive Polymers for Bioelectronics. Polymers, (9), 354-375.
20. Peterson, B. M., Lin, S. & Fors, B. P. (2018). Electrochemically Controlled Cationic Polymerization of Vinyl Ethers. Journal of American Chemical Society, (140), 2076-2079.
21. Referans 21. Rao, H., Zhao, X., Liu, X., Zhong, J., Zhang, Z., Zou, P., Jiang, Y., Wang, X., & Wang, Y. (2018). A Novel Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor Based on Graphene Quantum Dots Coated on Hollow Nickel Nanospheres with High Sensitivity and Selectivity for the Rapid Determination of Bisphenol S. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, (100), 341-347.
22. Referans 22. Shamsipur, M., Moradi, N., & Pashabadi, A. (2018). Coupled Electrochemical-chemical Procedure Used in Construction of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-based Electrode: a Highly Sensitive Impedimetric Melamine Sensor. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, (22), 169-180.
23. Referans 23. Si, B., & Song, E. (2018). Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Selective Detection of Multi Analyte Neurotransmitters. Microelectronic Engineering, (187-188), 58-65.
24. Taşdelen, B. (2017). Conducting Hydrogels Based on Semi-interpenetrating Networks of Polyaniline in Poly(acrylamide-co-itaconic acid) Matrix: Synthesis and Characterization. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, (28), 1865-1871.
25. Wondracek, M. H. P., Jorgetto, A. O., Silva, A. C. P., do R. Ivassechen, J., Schneider, J. F., Saeki, M. J., Pedrosa, V. A., Yoshito, W. K., Colauto, F., Ortiz, W. A., & Castro, G. R. (2016). Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica-coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Modified with 4 amino-3-hydrazino-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole and Its Applications Cu(II) Adsorbent from Aqueous Samples. Applied Surface Science, (367), 533 541.
26. Wolfart, F., Hryniewicz, B. M., Marchesi, L. F., Orth, E. S., Dubal, D. P., Romero, P. G., & Vidotti, M. (2017). Direct Electrodeposition of Imidazole Modified Poly(pyrrole) Copolymers: Synthesis, Characterization and Supercapacitive Properties. Electrochimica Acta, (243), 260-269.