Gypsum-Based Boards Made from Mixtures of Waste Cellulosic Sources: Part 2. Chemical and Technological Properties

Abstract

The highest total color difference values (∆E) were found in the panels produced with the similar proportions of waste paper and OCC into gypsum (A4: 6.09; B4: 5.79). These boards have also show highest CIE whiteness reduction (A4: -33.19; B4: -28.44). With the help of FTIR, some chemical groups are modified to some extent but similar functional groups were observed in surface of boards. For A- and C-type boards, similar TGA degradation trends (spectra) were observed while the B-type panels show markedly higher mass loss, especially at initial temperature stage (100-120 0C). This is probably because of the presence of some non-cellulosic materials (i.e. starch, silica, etc.) and the high rate of lignin in sheet structure of OCC material. The flame propagation characteristic of the surfaces of all test boards shows that the flame did not reach the threshold limit of 150 mm. These indicates, even if the source of fire is not removed, flame did not reach the threshold limit that boards that could be classified as non-flammable material class according to TS EN-ISO 11925-2 standard. The heat insulation properties of the test sample were found to be lowered with addition of lignocellulosic material to the gypsum structure. It was seen that waste paper ratio in gypsum structure higher than 10% (A3 to A6 boards) show better insulation properties than counterpart OCC (B-types) and secondary fiber based (C-types) gypsum boards. In general, reduction heat transfer in average values of samples attracted attention as compared with control specimens. Interestingly, the boards are indicated best insulation properties as mentioned above, show higher mass loss too. The highest mass loss for A-type boards found to be 3.52% (A6), for B-type boards 3.46% (B6) and for C-type boards 3.28% (C8).

Keywords

• Waste paper
• FTIR
• TGA
• gypsum board
• heat insulation

Atık Selülozik Karışımı Kaynaklardan Üretilen Alçı Esaslı Levhalar: 2. Bölüm. Kimyasal ve Teknolojik Özellikler

Öz

En yüksek toplam renk farkı (∆E) benzer üretim şartlarında atık kağıt ve eski oluklu muykavvalardan üretilmiş levhalarda (A4: 6.09; B4: 5.79) gözlemlenmiştir. Bu levhalara aynı zamanda en düşük CIE whiteness değerleri göstermiştir (A4: -33.19; B4: -28.44). FTIR tekniği yarımıyla levhaların yüzeylerindeki kimyasal gruplar incelenmiştir. A ve C tipi levhaların diagramları benzerlik göstermekle birlikte B tipi levhaların TGA diyagramları oldukça farklı olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Özellikle başlangış sıcaklık değerlerinde (100-120 0C) B tipi levhaalrın ağırlık kaybı diğer A ve C tipi levhadan daha yüksektir. Bu durum muhtemelern atık oluklu mukavva (B tipi levha) yapısında selülozik liflerden ayrı olarak daha yüksek oranda nişasta, silika, lignin bulunmasından ileri gelmesindir. Deneme levhalarının yüzeyine uygulanan alevin, tüm levhalar için kritik eşik değer olan 150 mm seviyesine gelmediği gözlemlenmiştir. Alev uzaklaştırıldıktan sonra dahi, yüzeydeki yayılma kritik sınır değerine ulaşmamıştır. Buradan üretilen deneme levhalarının TS EN-ISO 11925-2 standardına göre yanma malzeme sınıfına dahil edilebilir. Deneme levhalarının ısı yalıtım özellikleri incelendiğinde, alçı yapısına lignoselüloik hammaddenin ekllenmesinin olumlu katkı yaptığı anlaşılmıştır. Levha yapısında %10 dan daha yüksek atık kağıt eklenmesinin (A3-A6 levhalar) aynı üretim şartlarındaki atık oluklu mukavva (B tipi) ve sekonder lif esaslı (C tipi) deneme levhalarından daha yüksek ısı yalıtımı sağladığı anlaşılmıştır. Genel olarak ısı transfer ortalama değerleri kontrol örneğine göre daha iyi olduğu görülmüştür. İlginç olarak en yüksek ısı izolasyonu sağlayan örnek aynı zamanda en yüksek kütle kaybı göstermiştir. En yüksek kütle kaybı A tipi levhadalarda %3,52 (A6), B tipi levhalarda 3.46% (B6) ve C tipi levhalarda 3.28% (C8) olarak ölçülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Atık kağıt
• FTIR
• TGA
• Alçı levha
• Isı Yalıtımı

Kaynakça

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